.--In Surinam the South American Common
Snipe (Capella gallinago paraguaiae) is plentiful on wet savannas, ricefields, and
marshes. It is present through the year; but considerable wandering or local migra-
tion must occur, for when rains make a suitable habitat available, snipe suddenly
appear, only to leave as soon as the ground dries out. I found them nesting in
the long rainy season only once, on 30 May 1954 when I collected a nestling on a
wet savanna near Zanderij (Hayerschmidt 1968).
Some accounts (Hellmayr and Conover 1948, Meyer de Schauensee 1966, Snyder
1966) state that its northern relative Wilson's Snipe (C. g. delicata) winters as far
as the Guianas. The two races cannot be distinguished in the field, but the clear
figures and tables in Tuck (1972) make birds in the hand readily separable. During
two recent visits to Surinam I concentrated on snipes, and in my collection, now
in the Leiden Museum, are 31 specimens collected throughout the year, most of
them from December through February. At my request G. F. Mees of the Leiden
Museum examined this series and established that all are paraguaiae. The Museum
of Comparative Zoology has a series of 16 paraguaiae collected in Surinam in
February and March (Bangs and Penard 1918). Thus to date the only Surinam
specimen of delicata is a bird, unsexed and undated, collected more than a century
ago on the Maroni River (the border between Surinam and French Guiana)
(Sharpe 1896). Hellmayr (Hellmayr and Conover 1948) reexamined this bird and
stated that it was "decidedly" delicata. At my request D. W. Snow of the British
Museum examined it once more and corroborated Hellmayr's identification. Its
winglength is 132 mm and the width of the outer tail feather 6 mm "or a fraction
more."
In neighboring Guyana Snyder (1966) listed delcata as a migrant. Miss Snyder
informed me that most of her records were from a card file assembled by E. R.
Blake of the Field Museum of Natural History. Blake wrote me that these records
were based on Chubb (1916), who claimed that a bird (unsexed and undated)
collected on the Supenaam River was the first record of delicata for Guyana.
The specimen is in the British Museum, and Dr. Snow examined it for me. It
is definitely paraguaiae (winglength 125 mm and width of outer tail feather 5 mm),
as are four other birds from Guyana labelled delicata in this collection. Davis
(1954) listed delicata as a regular winter visitor at the Mazaruni station in
Guyana, solely because two birds collected on 18 April 1936 "were very fat," but
as he failed to give their weights and measurements, the identity is questionable.
Weight alone is not a criterion and paraguaiae specimens I collected in April and
May were sometimes very fat--a male shot on 5 May 1947 weighed 130 g, an 8
April 1956 female 134 g. L. R. Tuck (pers. comm.) spent January-March 1974
in Guyana and, although he found paraguaiae fairly common, did not find a single
example of delicata. It is clear that delicata must be removed from the list of
Guyanan birds for the time being. The regular wintering area of delicata reaches
as far as Venezuela where Tuck (1972: 294-296) found it commonest in marshes
and marshy savannas north of the Orinoco, but rare and probably absent on the
llanos south of the Orinoco where paraguaiae is most abundant. As far as our
present evidence goes, the Guianas are not within the normal wintering area of
delicata.
The weights of 35 paraguaiae I collected in Surinam are 15 males 88-130 g (106
g) and 20 females 85-145 g (113 g) corroborating the statement by Tuck (1972)
that females average heavier than males. Birds weighing more than 115 g are very
fat.
I thank Drs. G. F. Mees and D. W. Snow for examining specimens critically and
Miss D. Snyder and Messrs. Blake and Tuck for their information.
BANGS, O., AD T. E. PNARD. 1918. Notes on a collection of Surinam birds. Bull.
Mus. Comp. Zool. 42 (2): 44.
CcmB, C. 1916. The birds of British Guiana, vol. 1. London, B. Quaritch.
Dws, T. A. W. 1954. Notes on some northern migrants from British Guiana.
Ibis 96: 445.
HvERscxnr, F. 1968. Birds of Surinam. Edinburgh, Oliver and Boyd.
HELLMAYR, C. E., AND B. CONOVER. 1948. Catalogue of birds of the Americas.
Zool. Ser., Field Mus. Nat. Hist. 13, part 1, No. 3: 147-153.
MEYER DE SC}{AUENSEE, R. 1966. The species of birds of South America and
their distribution. Narberth, Pennsylvania, Livingston Publ. Co.
S}{ARPE, R. B. 1896. Catalogue of the birds in the British Museum, vol. 24.
London, Brit. Mus.
SNYDER, D. E. 1966. The birds of Guyana (formerly British Guiana). Salem,
Massachusetts, Peabody Mus.
TucK, L. M. 1972. The snipes: a study of the genus Capella. Canadian Wildl.
Serv. Monogr. Serv. No. 5.
F. HVESC}{XDr, 16 Wol/skuilstraat, Omraen, Holland. Accepted 6 Feb. 75.