American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, New York 10024 USA
Back in August of 1938 the senior writer was
observing birds at Tobay Pond on Long Island.
Among the waders present on that occasion,
now more than 40 years ago, were not only
numerous yellowlegs of both species and dow-
itchers, but also a few others that did not seem
to fit in. Were they Stilt Sandpipers, a bird he
had never seen? After conferring with another
birder who was standing nearby, the decision
was that they were indeed that uncommon
species.
The stranger proved to be Eugene ("Gene")
Eisenmann. He and Bull soon became close
friends and, years later, colleagues at The
American Museum of Natural History. Ama-
don met Eisenmann at about this time too, and
also in the field where, again after a consulta-
tion, they decided a slightly aberrant plover
was not, unfortunately, a Wilson's.
Gene had graduated from Harvard Univer-
sity and Harvard Law School during the Great
Depression. Failing to find immediate suitable
employment he visited Egypt and pondered his
future from the back of a camel! After returning
he joined the firm of Proskauer and Mendel-
sohn in New York as a trial lawyer, became a
partner, and practiced successfully, but found
the work increasingly irksome. When the firm,
like so many others, moved from lower Man-
hattan, where Gene had a fine old-fashioned
office with a view of the harbor, to a monoto-
nous glass tower on Park Avenue, it was the
last straw and Gene retired. He had sufficient
funds to live modestly a few blocks from the
Museum, first with an elderly aunt and, after
her death, alone. Often he would invite friends
to stay with him when they were visiting the
Museum.
Gregarious by nature, Eugene soon became
prominent in the Linnaean Society of New York
and, later, its President. The Society published
one of his more important publications, The
species of Middle American birds. In those days,
Ernst Mayr, Joseph Hickey, and others were
injecting a strong dose of scientific vitality into
the meetings of the Society. Gene needed little
encouragement to follow such leads, and began
to spend more time at the American Museum.
Because of his increasing involvement in or-
nithological circles and his publications, Gene
was appointed a Research Associate of the mu-
seum in 1957, a position he held until his death.
Dr. Eisenmann--he became that a few years
ago when law schools conferred the degree of
Doctor of Jurisprudence on their distinguished
graduates--could hold his own on any topic--
music, politics, or science. If his off-the-cuff
remarks had been recorded, they would have
been ready to go to press without editing. Al-
though he was such an articulate person, he
never resorted to the use of a dictaphone. He
typed his manuscripts with one finger, hand-
icapped by the use of only one hand because
of a birth defect. His marginal notes were care-
less scrawls--a nightmare for secretaries!
Gene was never too busy for consultations,
often on knotty questions of nomenclature, de-
spite the fact that his desk was piled high with
correspondence and two or three manuscripts
in various stages of completion. He was ap-
pointed a member of the prestigious Interna-
tional Commission on Zoological Nomencla-
ture and sometimes remarked that many
nonlawyers were more addicted to circumlo-
cutions and obscurities than lawyers them-
selves! He usually worked at home till mid-
morning, walked over to the Museum, and
remained in his office until seven or eight in
the evening. Undoubtedly those quiet hours,
after the rest of us had departed, were among
his most productive.
Eugene Eisenmann was born in Panama and
visited that country annually to study the rich
birdlife and to touch base with various mem-
bers of his family. In 1952 the senior author
went to Panama with him. It was Bull's intro-
duction to the rich neotropical avifauna and,
with an ideal mentor, an experience he will
never forget. Gene's fluent Spanish enabled him
to help many aspiring bird students from Latin
America, both in the field and at the Museum.
His influence in ornithology was wider than
indicated by his relatively modest bibliog-
raphy, for his immense file of notes on neo-
EUGENE EISENMANN, 1906-1981
(Barro Colorado Island, 1967)
tropical birds, centered in Panama and radiat-
ing north and south therefrom, was always at
the disposal of any serious worker. His assis-
tance went far beyond merely supplying notes
and comments; he would spend weeks on end
going through manuscripts line by line making
corrections and suggestions. Such assistance is
acknowledged in numerous works on the birds
of Middle and South America published in re-
cent years. In Rodolphe Meyer de Schauensee's
important Species of South American birds, for
example, Gene's help was so substantial that
he was offered junior authorship, but he de-
clined the honor.
It was in the American Ornithologist's Union,
however, that Eugene Eisenmann exerted the
greatest influence and had the widest circle of
friends. He became a Life Member in 1936, an
Elective Member in 1951, a Fellow in 1960, and
Vice President from 1967 to 1969. In 1958 and
1959 he was Editor of The Auk. Finally, and
most importantly, he served as Chairman of
the Committee preparing the sixth edition of
the A.O.U. Check-List, from 1966 until the time
of his death. This volume, which will be ded-
icated to Eisenmann, will be published in time
for the Centennial Meeting of the Union in 1983.
What a pity that Gene did not live to attend
this historic event! The Check-List, however,
will be a fitting memorial to his incessant la-
bors, and a testimony of his ability to compro-
mise and to bring often strongly divergent
viewpoints into a semblance of consensus.
Gene's interest in birds, their biology, evo-
lution, geographical variation, and conserva-
tion, went far deeper than any side issues such
as names, whether popular or scientific. At
meetings he always participated in field trips,
and he undertook more extensive fieldwork
when possible. This meant not only the annual
trips to Panama but also such distant jaunts as
to a meeting of the International Council for
Bird Preservation in Japan and a Pan-African
Ornithological Congress in Kruger Park. His
wisdom in matters of finance and legal affairs,
plus his dedication to conservation, made him
a valued member of the Pan-American Section
of the ICBP, of which he was Vice-Chairman
at the time of his death.
It was while returning from the excursion to
Japan that Gene suffered a heart attack on Mid-
way Island, where he was observing albatross-
es in the company of Roger Tory Peterson. He
received excellent care at the Naval hospital on
the island and was to enjoy another two-score
years of undiminished activity, even though
some of us worried about the strain imposed
by his expanding waistline. Early in 1981 Gene
had a second cardiac attack. He seemed to make
a good recovery and even ventured all the way
to Edmonton to attend the 1981 A.O.U. meet-
ing. Shortly after returning home, however, he
was fatally stricken on October 16.
Eugene left a sister Audrey in Panama, a
brother Richard in Washington, and a sister
Ethel in New York, along with numerous other
members of the far-flung but closely knit Ei-
senmann family and a host of friends, young
and old.
Relatives and friends have established a me-
morial fund in his name. It will be used to
enhance the library of the Ornithology De-
partment of The American Museum of Natural
History. Last, but not least, a group of his many
friends have banded together to produce a me-
morial volume in Neotropical Ornithology--with
over 50 contributors so far--to be dedicated to
Gene.
Selected Bibliography of
Eugene Eisenmann
1946. Suggested principles for vernacular nomencla-
ture. (with H. H. Poor) Wilson Bull. 58: 210-
215.
1950. Some notes on Panama birds collected by J. H.
Batty. Auk 67: 364-367.
1951. Northern birds summering in Panama. Wilson
Bull. 63: 181-185.
1952. Annotated list of birds of Barro Colorado Is-
land, Panama Canal Zone. Smithsonian Misc.
Coils. 117: 1-62.
1954. Seventy-five years of the Linnaean Society of
New York. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.Y. 63: 1-9.
1955. The species of Middle American birds. Trans.
Linn. Soc. 7: 1-128.
1957. Notes on birds of the province of Bocas del
Toro, Panama. Condor 59: 247-262.
1959. South American migrant swallows of the ge-
nus Progne in Panama and Northern South
America; with comments on their identifica-
tion and molt. Auk 76: 529-532.
1961. Favorite foods of Neotropical birds: flying ter-
mites and Cecropia catkins. Auk 78: 636-638.
1962a. On the genus "Chamaethlypis" and its sup-
posed relationship to Icteria. Auk 79: 265-267.
1962b. On the systematic position of Rhodinocichla
rosea. Auk 79: 640-648.
1962c. Notes on nighthawks of the genus Chordeiles
in southern Middle America, with a descrip-
tion of a new race of Chordeiles minor breeding
in Panama. Amer. Mus. Novit. 2094: 1-21.
1962d. A new species of Swift of the genus Cypse-
loides from Colombia. (with F. C. Lehmann)
Amer. Mus. Novit. 2117: 1-16.
1962e. An erroneous Panama record of Puffinus ten-
uirostris and other misidentifications. (with D.
L. Serventy) Emu 62: 199-201.
1962f. The taxonomic status of the Hummingbirds
Chalybura melanorrhoa and C. urochrysia. (with
T. R. Howell) Condor 64: 300-310.
1962g. Notes on some Neotropical vireos in Panama.
Condor 64: 505-508.
1963a. Bear Island murre colony. Nat. Hist. (Jan.):
26-31.
1963b. Mississippi Kite in Argentina; with corn~
ments on migration and plumages in the ge-
nus Ictinia. Auk 80: 74-77.
1963c. Is the Black Vulture migratory? Wilson Bull.
75: 244-249.
1963d. Breeding nighthawks in Central America.
Condor 65: 165-166.
1965. The use of the terms "juvenal" and "juvenile".
Auk 82: 105.
1966. Falco rufigularis--the correct name of the Bat
Falcon. Condor 68: 208-209.
1968. Birds of the Panama Canal Zone area. (with H.
Loftin) Florida Naturalist (April): 57-60.
1969. Wing formula as a means of distinguishing
Summer Tanager (Piranga rubra) from Hepatic
Tanager (P. tiara). Bird-Banding 40: 144-145.
1970a. Review: A distributional survey of the birds
of Honduras. (by Burt L. Monroe, Jr.) Wilson
Bull. 82: 106-109.
1970b. Avifauna in Panama. Smithsonian Contr.
Zool. 26: 50-57.
1971a. Range expansion and population increase in
North and Middle America of the White-tailed
Kite (Elanus leucurus). Amer. Birds 25: 529-536.
1971b. Una nueva subespecie de Todirostrum macu-
latum del delta del Orinoco. (with W. H. Phelps)
Bol. Soc. Venezolana Cienc. Nat. 29: 186-194.
1973. Thirty-second supplement to the A.O.U.
Check-List of North American Birds. Auk 90:
411419.
1976. Thirty-third supplement to the A.O.U. Check-
List of North American birds. Auk 93: 875-879.
1977. Rediscovery of the Crescent-faced Antpitta
(Grallaricula lineifrons) in Colombia. (with F.
C. Lehmann and J. R. Silliman) Condor 79:
387-388.
1982. Systematics of the avian genus Emberizoides
(Emberizidae). (with L. L. Short) Amer. Mus.
Novit. 2740: 1-21.