COOPER PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA NUMBER 10 A DISTRIBUTIONAL LIST OF THE BIRDS OF ARIZONA BY HARRY S. SWARTH CONTRIBUTION FROM THE MUSEUM OF VERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA HOLLYWOOD, CALIFORNIA PUBLISHED BY THE CLUB May 25, 1914 Edited by JOSEPH GRINNELL and HARRY S. SW'ARTH at the ,luseum of l/rtebrale Zoolog2v University of Clifornia NOTE PACIFIC COAST AVIFAI.'.NA No. IO is the teuth in a series of imblications is- sued by the Cooper Ornithological Club for the accommodation of F. apers whose length prohibits their appearance in 'IhE CoNpo. The publications of the Cooper Ornithological Club consist of two series-- Tn: CoNnoi, which is the bi-monthly official organ, and the P.,xcFic Co^sT AVI- FAUNA. For information as to either of the above series, address one of the Club Busi- ness Managers, J. Eugene Law, Hollywood, California, or W. Lee Chambers, Eagle Rock, California. CONTENTS Introduction....' ..................................................... 5 Acknowledgments ................................................... 7 Distributional List of the Birds of Arizona .............................. 9 Hypothetical List ..................................................... 8 An Analysis of the Avifauna of Arizona ................................ 85 Map of Life Zones ............................................. facing 92 Bibliography ........................................................ 94 Index .............................................................. 12o 1914 5 INTRODUCTION The beginniug of this list of the birds of Arizona dates back about eleven years, to a tilnc when the author was engaged in field work in that state. A hasty compilation was made of a few local lists, and the manuscript carried in the field as a guide and aid in making observations and collections. This tieginning proved an incentive to the gathering of further data, and shortly after, the opportunity presenting itself for visiting more extensive libraries than had hitherto been available, a careful and systematic search was lnade through the literature deal- ing with the ornithology of Arizona. The resulting information was filed away and added to as chance offered, but more pressing work and other ipterests inter- fered to prevent the whole from being put into shape for publication. Further- more it soon became evident that while a fairly long list of species could be com- piled as occurring within the state, the published information concerning a large proportion of them was scanty and fragmentary. The writer had hoped to be in a position to continue field work iu certain little known sections of the state, Where undoubtedly there is lnuch to be added to our knowledge of the birds, but this coutingency became more and more improbable, and under the circumstances it seemed advisable to publish the list as it now stands. It is hoped that as far as it goes this list will be found to be fairly accurate. Pertinent literature has been gone over with care, and it is doubtful if any im- portant publication has been overlooked. At the same time it can hardly be doubted but that there are in collections specimens whose existence will modify lnany of the statements made here, and it is also highly probable that there are active collectors who have lnany unpublished records in their notes which would also occasion changes. Available collections and collectors' notes, however, have been made use of wherever possible. The aim of the present publication is to ?.'ive a list of the species of birds oc- curring in Arizona, with a synonym), of the names applied, as regards their oc- currence within the state, aud a brief but comprehensive outline of the manner of occurrence. The latter, it is hoped, is in each case as clear and accurate as the present state of our knowledge permits. An effort has been made to give a gen- eral statement outlining the range and manner of occurrence, supplemented by the citation of authorities for extreme or unusual instances. Exact dates have been given only for the rarest species, those of which but a few specimens have been recorded. The synonymy consists of those names by which the species has been known in literature pertaining to Arizona ornithology. Thus the general manner of treatment is closely similar to that followed by Grinnell in his Check-List of Califoria Birds,* the main difference lying in the greater elaboration of detail in the outlining of ranges, and the numerous cita- tions of authorities, in the resent publication. The order, and in general the nomenclature, of the Annerican Ornithologists' Union Check-List. ha been followed. Where there is disagreement from this * Grinnell, J., Check-List of California Birds. Pacific Coast Avifauna, no. 3, 1902, pp. 1-92, 2 pls. 6 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 standard it is usually in cases where the author's personal experience leads him to a different view; but there are one or two instances (such as with the group of Jnncos) where the conclusions of some specialist, at variance with the Check-List, are so closely in accord with observations of the author's (in themselves perhaps insufficient to warrant outspoken disagreement), that this workcr's treatment of the group is accepted in its entirety. The expedition conducted by the California Museum of Vertebrate Zoology down the Colorado River from Needles to Yuma in the early spring of 9o, furnished much valuab.le information in regard to the manner of occurrence of many species of birds. An apparent i,nconsistency may be noticed in the citations of certain of these records, inasmuch as some of them pertaining to occurrences on the California side of the river have been quote,.!. \¾here this is done, however, it is in the case of species which -xre known to occur in Arizona, but where there is lack of data defining their status in this valley. In such a case, the record, though strictly speaking not pertaining to Arizona, has a very definite value in defining the status of an Arizona bird, and its use seems to be justified. The appended bibliography contains the titles of such publications as have been consulted by the author in connection with the present contribution, the criterion for the admission of a title being that the work relate definitely to the ornithology of Arizona. Books of a general nature are not included unless the)- contain some definite, first-hand information on the subject, something not pre- viously published. It is hardly to be hoped, of course, that nothing has been over- looked, and it is to be expected that additional titles relevant to the subject are still to be found, but it seems unlikely that any such will be of a nature to serious- ly modify many of the statements made in the following pages. The author's personal field xvork in the state has been almost altogether iu the region lying between .the Gila River and the Mexican boundary line. Trips of varying lengths, during four different years and covering' every month except December and January, included parts of this region in great detail, and larger portions in a more s:perficial manner. Of the three hundred and sixty-two spe- cies and sub-species here credited to the state, two hundred and twenty-seven were personall 5, observed. In most cases specimens were collected. The accompanying map showing' life zones of the state is presented with full realization that it is probably open to criticism in many particulars, and will cor- respondingly doubtless require revision in many of the details. At the same time it is believed that it will be of sufficient aid in illustration of the distribution of many species, nnd in showing the .-'alient zonal peculiarities of the state, to fully justify its publication, even.in its admittedly tentative form. This map is com- piled from various sources. The northeastern corner is copied from Merriam's (89 ¸) zne map of the San Francisco Mountain region; the zones of much of the central portion of the state are computed from descriptions of localities in publications of Cones (8665, Henshaw (8755, Scott (r8865, Mearns (I89O), and others. Maps showing the distribution in Arizona of certain conspicuous forest trees useful as zone indicators, loaned to the author by the District For- ester's office, Albuquerque, New Mexico, were also used, and found of great as- sistance. Much of the region south of ihe Gila River has been mapped from personal observations of the anthut. 1914 7 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS in going through literature dealing with the subject it became apparent that many of the older government reports, and some more modern works as well, contained, among much trustworthy and valuable information, statement r- garding certain species which needed corroborative proof other than that to bc found on the printed page. This was a phase of the problem utterly beyond the author's power to deal with, unaided, and he is correspondingly grateful to Mr. W. W. Cooke of the Biological Survey, for cordial assistance in supplying der- ß inite information regarding many of these donbtful cases. Further acknowledg- ment is made in the following pages in each of the rather numerous instances in which his aid was invoked. To Professor C. B. Cory and Mr. W. H. Osgood, of the Field Museim of Natural History, obligations are acknowledged for pernission to priut hitherto unpublished data regarding certain specimens in the ornithological collectiou of that institution. To Mr. F. C. Baker, of the Chicago Academy of Sciences, the author expresses his gratitude for the free use of the library of the academy ac- corded him, as well as for assistance and advice in the pursuit of the bibliograph- ical portion of the work. To Mr. G. Frean Morcom grateful thanks are extended for his generous sup- port of, and deep interest in, field work which otherwise could hardly have been undertaken. From Mr. F. S. Daggett, uow Director of the Los Angeles Mnseum of History, Science, and Art, the author received advice and encouragenent on many occasions. Mr. Daggett added to his own collection large series of birds cob leered at certain localities in Arizona which the author had been unable to visit, or which were taken at different seasons of the year from the time of tl:c author's work in the region, and the information gained thereby was freely placed at his disposal. Mr. F. C. Willard, of Tombstone, Arizona, obligingly read the manuscript of this list, with a view of adding thereto such unpublist2ed records of his own, obtained during a number of years of careful observatiou of the birds of south- eastern Arizona, as would add to the statements made by the author. The valu- able information thus secured is cited in the text as "F. C. Willard. MS". Mr. A. B. Recknagel, Assistant District Forester, Albuquerque, New Mex- ico, very kindly loaned the author blue print maps which were on file in his of- rice, illustrating the distribution in Arizona of seven coaspicuons species of forest trees, useful as zone indicators. The data thus obtained, of the greatc.,t value iu compiling a map of the life zones of Arizona, could have been secured in no other way, and the author is (leeply appreciative of the courtesy extended him. Finally, grateful appreciation is hereby expressed for the co-operation of Mr. Joseph Grinnell, whose assistance and advice have materially aided in :he completion of this list, and whose helpful suggestions throughout the course of the undertaking have strongly influenced the author, both in regard to matters of form and methods of work. }l. S. SW.\RTIt. [.os 41,elcs, Califor,ia, ,4pril r. tory 1914 DISTRIBU. TIONAL LIST OF THE BIRDS OF ARIZONA . Aechmophorus occidentalis (Lawrence). WESTERN' GREgE. Synonym--Podiccps occidentalis. Status--But tvo published records of its occurrence iu Arizona. !-Ienshaw (875b, P- 4) secured a specimen on the Gila River in November; and Brown (3, P. 5 o) reported it as a permanent resident in the vicinity of Yuma. There is, however, no evidence of its breeding there, or anywhere else in the state. ß 2. Colymbus nicollis californicus (Heermann). AMRCN E,XR) GrubBY. SynonymsPodiceps calqornicus; PodJeeps auritus californicus. StatusThis species was found breeding by Mearns (89oa, p. 5 o) in the high plateau region north of the Mogollon MountainsStopeman's Lake, Mor- 1non Lake, and near Flagstaff. It has also been recorded from the Color.ado River at Mohave, and from Moencopie, in northern Arizona, in SeFtember. 3. ?odilymbus podJeeps (Linnaeus). PIED-BILLED GREBE. SynonymJ'odilyul, us caroIincnsis. Status Apparently fairly common on the Colorado River during the mi- grations and in vinter, while it is of only casual occurrence elsewhere. There are no definite breeding records for the' state, though Brown (3, P. 49) speaks of it as a resident in the vicinity of Yuma. 4. 6aa iramet (Brfinnich). CooN LooN. S ynonymC olymbus t or quatus. StatusAccording to Coues (866a, p. ') a common winter visitant on the Colorado River. There is in the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology 'an adult female (no. 64o3) taken (probably by W. W. Holder) at "Mineral City on the Colorado River" (:Ehrenberg), April 4, 864. 5. 6aa sellata (Pontopiddan). RED-THROATED LooN'. SynonymUriuator lureroe. StatusThere is but one record for the state, that of an immature male se- cured by Brovn on the Papago Indian reservation, near Tucson, December 20, 884 (Scott, 6, p. 383). 6. rus delawarensis Ord. StatusSeen by Coues (6a, p. 99) on the Colorado River "in the autumn of I865." The only recent record known to me is that of Price (I899, p. 90). who doubtfully identified as of this species two small 11s seen near Yuma, No- vember 27, 8. lO I'ACiFIC COAST :\VIFAUNA No. 10 7. Larus philadelphia (Ord). BONAPARTE GULL. Synonym--Chroicoccphahtx philadelphia. Status--Dr. Coues m.et with this species on the Gila River (8(5b , p. 538), and on the Colorado River, between Forts Mohave and Yuma, iu September, T865 (866c, p. 259), bnt it has uot been observed in the region by any one since that time. 8. Sterna forsteri Nuttall. FORS'rF, R TERN. Status--There is in the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology an adult male (no. 266) taken May 4, 9 o, at the mouth of the Gila River, the first definite record for Arizona. The species was included in Coues' (866a, p. 99) list of birds occurring on the Colorado River, but with no statement as to the time or manner of its occurrence. 9. Sterna hirundo Linnaeus. Cox,mN TF, Rx. Status--There is, appareutly, record of but a single specimen of this species from Arizona, one secured bv Heusbaw I875b, p. 486) on the Sau Pedro River, September 3, 872. o. Hydrochelidon nigm surinamensis (Omelin). BLACK TERN. Synonyms--Hydrochclido'i /ssipcs ; Hydrochclidoi lariformis ; ttydrocheli- do,.. nigra; Hydrochelidoi strimmcnsis. Status--A rare migrant. Henshaw secured it in southern Ahzona in the fall (see Henshaw, 875 b, p. 487; Saunders, 896, p. 2o), and Brewster (883. p. 36) has recorded oue taken at Cienega Station, April 7. . :Phathon aethereus Linnaeus. RED-BILLED TROPIC-BfRD. Synonym--Phathon americanus. Status--One specimen taken by Breninger at Phoenix, April to, t9o5 . This bird is now in the collection of the American Museum of Natural History (cf. Miller, 9 m, p. 450).  2. Anhinga anhinga (Linnaeus). _N HINGA. Status--Herbert Browu met with this species near Yuma, during the winter of 9o5-o6, when it appeared to be not uncommon. Ite also reports a single specimen, a female, killed on the Santa Cruz River, near 'Pucson, September 2, 893 (9o6, p. 27). These are the only recr.,ls for the. state. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 3. lhalacrocorax auritus albociliatus Ridsway. FARALLON CORMORANT. Synonym--Graculus dilophus. Status--Mentioned by Coues (860a, p. Ioo) as occurring on the lower Colorado River. Seen at various points along the river between Laguna Dam and Yuma, in April and May, 9IO (Mus. Vert. Zool.). 4- lelecanus erythrorhynchos Gmelin. AMERICAN WH1TE PELICAN. Synonym--I)elccamts trachyrhynchus. Status--The nmnerous records xvould indicate this species to be of common occurrence on the Colorado River, and on the lower Gila River, at all tinms of the year except midsummer. Except for one record from Tucson (Sloanaker, 93, P- I95), it has apparently not been seen elsewhere in Arizona. I5. Mergus americanus Cassin. AMERICAN MERGANSER. Synonym--Mcrganser american,rs. Status--Mearns (89oa , p. 5 o) speaks of tllis species as breeding in die Mogollon Mountains, in the streams tributary to the Salt and Verde rivers, and also at Fort Verd. Scott (886, p. 384) found it rare on the San Pedro River in January. i6. /lergus serrator Linnaeus. RED-BREAS'I'ED MERGANSER. Synonym--2¾l er ganser serrafor. Status--Merriam observed a few individuals at the bend of the Colorado, and at the mouth o[ Beaverdam Creek, northwestern Arizona, in May, 89 (Fisher, 893b , p. 5)- This is the ouly published record of the occurrence of the species in Arizona. Observed on the Colorado River, near Xeedles, February I8, and at Chemehuevis Valley, March 8, 9IO (Mus. Vert. Zool.). Two were shot by F. N. Wolcott from a flock of four. near Fairbanks, April 8, [9I[ (F. C. Willard, MS).  7. Lophodytes cucullatus (Linnaeus). i OODED MER(;ANSER. Status--Kuown only fronl the record by Coues (I868, p. 84) of its occur- fence at Camp Grant; and by Scott (t886, p. 384) of an immature female in the collection of Herbert Brown, taken near Tucson, December 5. 885. A lone bird was shot by F. N. Wolcott on the San Pedro River in the fall of 896 (F. C. WJ!- !ard, MS). 8. Anas platyrhynchos Linnaeus. Synonym--nas boschas. Status--A common winter visitant in suitable localities in southern Arizona, usually along the larger streams. Mearns found it in the Mogollon Mountains in May and June,. so it probably breeds, though in limited numbers, in places where conditions are favorahle. 12 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 9. Chaulelasmus streperus (Linnaeus). GADWALL. Synonym--Inas strepcra. Status--Mearns found this species in summer in the Mogollon Mountains, where it was common and "probably breeding". Coues (866a, p. 99) met with it on the Colorado River iu October, and Scott (2886, p. 384) took a specimen at Tucson in December. 2o. Mareca americana (Gmelin). BALDPATE. Synonym3--/uas amcricana; ,qnas pcnclopc. Status--A common migrant, and, in southern Arizona, a winter vlsitaut. Reported by Mearns (89oa, p. 5 o) as occurring iu summer at Mormon Lake, iu the Mogollon Mountaius, where he supposed it was breeding, thouõh no nests were fonnd. 2t. Nettion carolinense (Gmelin). GREN-WrNGED TEAl., Synonyms---Qucrqwdula caroli, ensis ; a caroliwnsis. StatusA common migrant, reported from various scattcred locaiiies. Re- mains through the w;nter in southeru Arizona: San Pedro River, Colorado River, TllCSO, tc. 22. Iluerquedula discors (Linnaeus). BLUE-WINGED TEAL. Synonym--/tas discors. Status--Has been reported from various parts of Arizona. Scott speaks of it as being of occasional occurrence in winter in the vicinity of Tucson, while Mearns (80oa, p. 5) found the species in May and June on the lakes of the M(,gollon Mountains, vhere it may have been breeding. There are also records of individuals taken during the migrations at Tucson, Ehrenberg (Colorado River), Sulphur Spring (Cochise County), and San Fraucisco Mountain. Not infrequently taken in winter on the San Pedro River (F. C. Willard, MS). 23. Iluerquedula cyanoptera (Vieillot).. CNAO T^L. Synonyms--Pterocyawa caeruleata; Inas cyanoplera. Status--A common migrant thronghout the state. Has beeu found breed- ing in the Mogollon Mountains, and is reported as a winter visitant in extreme southern Arizona Tucson, Sulphur Spring, etc.). 24. Spatula clypeata (Linnaeus). S I-I OVELLER. Statns--A migrant, and, in southern Arizoua, a winter visitant. Mearns (89 øa, P. 5) found the species in May and June on the lakes in the Mogollon Mountains, where it may have been breeding. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 13 25. I}afila acuta (Linnaeus). PINTAIL. Status--Has been reported as a nilgrant from various parts of the tate. It was found on Mormon Lake, in the Mogollon Mountains, in May, by Mearns. Seen on the San Pedro River in February, so is probably a winter visitant in southern Arizona (Willard, i9Ioc , p. I IO). 26. l/larila americana (Eyton). REDHEAD. Synonym--4ythya americana. Status--The only record of the occurrence of this species in Arizona is that by Scott (886, p. 384), who reported it as occurring in winter in the vicinity of Tucson and on the San Pedro River. 27. Marila valisineria (Wilson). CANVAS-BACK. Synonym--4ythya vallisneria. Status--Scott (I886, p. 384) records a small flock seen on the San Pedro River, January 28, I886, while Cones (I892a, p. 98) reports it as occurring in large numbers on the Verde River near Fort Whipple, in winter. These are the only records for the state. 28. Marila marila (Linnaeus). GREATER SCAUP DUCK. Synonym--'lythya ,lafila nearctica. Status--Known only from the record by Scott (886, p. 384), who speaks of it as "rather common on the San Pedro in winter." 2 9. lIarila attinis (Eyton). LESSER ScAu? DUCK. Synonym--Aythya afSnis. . Status--A record by Scott (I886, p. 384) of "a few seen on the San Pedro during late January." Common near Tucson in March, I92 (Sloanaker, I913, P. I95). Observed on the Colorado River, near Ehrenberg, March 24, and at Cibola, April 4, I9 Io (Mus. Vert. Zool.). 3 o. Clangula clangula americana Bonaparte. AMERICAN GOLDEN-EYE. Status--Only one record, that of two specimens taken near Tucson, April 1 and February I, respectively (Sloanaker, I9X2, p. I54 ). 3x- Charitonetta albeola (Linnaeus). mUFFLE-HEAD. Synonyms--Clangula albeola; Bucephala albeola. Status--\Vhile apparently not common, this species has been reported in 4vinter from various scattered localities in all parts of the state (Tucson, San Pedro River, Bill Williams River, etc.). 14 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 32. lrismatura jamaicensis (Gmelin). RUDDY DUCK. Synonym--Erismat.tra rubida. Status--Though there are curiously few published records of the occurrence of this species, it is, nevertheless, a fairly common migrant. Mearns met with it in summer in the Mogollon Mountains (Stoneman's Lake, Mormon Lake), and near Flagstaff, where they were preparing to breed. It very probably remains through the winter in southern Arizona, though there are no records of its doing so. Observed near Tucson in April, 896 (Swarth MS), and on the Colorado River, near Laguna Dam, April 2.3 , 19Io (Mus. Vert. Zool.). 33. Chen hyperboreus hyperboreus (Pallas). LESSER SNOW GoosE. Synonym--zqnser hyperboreus. Status--There is a record by Coues (866a, p. 98) of "specimens taken near Fort Whipple, Oct. ;7, 864." Seen on the Colorado River, near Needles, Feb- ruary 6 and 23, 9o (Mus. Vert. Zool.). 34- Anser albifrons gambeli Hartlaub. WHITE-FRONTED GOOSE. Synonyms--zqnser albi[J'ons; zqnser gabeli. Status--Coues (866a, p. 98) found it abundant on the Colorado River. There is no published statement of its occurrence in the region since that time. 35. Branta eanadensis eanadensis (Linnaeus). CANADA GoosE. Synonyln--Bernicla canadensis. Status--The species has been reported both from the Colorado River, and from the San Pedro River, in winter, but from the paucity of records it wo½ld seem to be of uncommon occurrence. 36. Branta eanadensis hutchinsi (Richardson). HUTCHINS GOOSE. Synonym--Bernicla hutchins,. Status--The only records for Arizona are those by Coues of its occurrence on the Colorado River (t866a, p. 98), and at Fort Grant (;8.68, p. 84). 37. Dendrocygna autumnalis (Linnaeus). BLACK-BELLIED TREE-DUCK. Status--Herbert Brown (9o6, p. 27) has reported the killing of six specimens of this duck. out of a flock of eight, on the Santa Cruz River, near Tuc- son, on May 5, z899' This is the only Arizona record. 1914 f' BIRDS OF ARIZONA 15 38. Dendrocygna bicolor (Vieillot). FULVOUS TREE-DUCK. Synonym--Dendrocygna Status--Coues (I866a,.p. 98) has recorded the capture of" a pair taken in November, about twenty nailes from Fort Whipple." From a published note of Brovn (i9o6, p. 27) it would seem to be of fairly common occurrence in winter on the Colorado and Gila rivers, in the vicinity of Yuma, and decidedly rare else- where in the state. 39. 01or columbianus (Ord). WtJISTI.ING S\V.\N. Synonym--Cygmts americanus. Status--Recorded by Coues (866a, p. 98) from the Colorado River and Fort Mohave. 'I'here is a recent instance of its occurrence at Sacaton, Pinal County, November 2, 9o (Gilman, 9a, p. 35). 4o. ?legadis guarauna (Linnaeus). Vt:It'rE-F:\CED LOSSY IBIS. Synonyms--Ibis ordii; Falcinc!Itts ordii: Ibis g'ttarattta; Ibis thaiassigners: ?le,gadis atthtmnalis. Status--Apparently fairly abundant, as there are records of its occurrence ,during the migration in rations parts of the state: Tucson, Little Qolorado Riv- er, Forts Whipple and Apache, and at various points along the Gila and Colorad(; rivers. It has been reported as breeding at Morn]on Lake, in the Mogollon Mountaius (Merriam, 89o , p. 88). Ilas been found at Tombstone in winter {.Cooke, 93, p. 2r). 4 r. Mycteria americana Linnaeus. Wooo I.ms. Synonym--Tantal,s loculator. Status--Apparently common, during he summer months, from May to Sep- tember, along the Colorado River, at least as far up as Fort Mohave (Coues, 866a, p. 96). There are also records for the various tribntaries of that stream: the Gila, San Pedro, Bill Williams, etc. It is not known to breed in Arizona, nor has it been observed in winter. 42. Botaurus lentiginosus (Montagu). AMERICAN BI'r'rERN. S ynon ym--B o tatrts Status--The only breeding record is that of Mearns (89oa, p. 5) who found the species nesting commonly in the M. ogollon Mountains (Mormon Lake, etc.). It is a fairly common migrant elsewhere and has been found in winter the San Pedro River in southern Arizona (Scott, 886, p. 385). 16 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 43. Ixobrychus exilis (Gmelin). LEAST BITTERN. Synonym--Ardctta e.:ilis. Status--Coues (866a, p. 263) noted this species along the Colorado River between Forts Yuma and Mohave, in September, I865. This is the only record for the state. 44. Ardea herodias treganzai Court. PALLID GREAT BrtrE HERor. Synonym ,4rdea herodias. Status--Breeds along the Colorado River, and in southern Arizona, along the Gila River and its tributaries (Mineral Creek, San Pedro River, etc.). Found also in winter in the same region. There appear to be no records whatever from the plateau region of northern Arizona. 45. Herodias egretta (Gnelin). AMERICAN tGRET. Synonyms--,4rdea egretta; ttcrodias alba egretta. Status--Probably a migrant only; there are records of its occurrence in April, May, and September, at various points on the Colorado, Gila, and Sn Pe- dro rivers. 46. Egretta eandidissima candidissima (Omelin). SNOWY HEno2½. Synonyms--Gar:ctta candidissima; ,4rdea candidissima. Status--There are but two instances of tle occurrence of this species in Ari- zona: Cones (866a, p. 263) observed it on the Colorado River between Forts Mohave and Yuma in September, and Scott (886, p. 385) reports a flock of five seen, one of xvbich xvas secured, near Tucson, in May. 47. Butorides v/rescens anthonyi (Mearns). ANTHONY GREEN HERON. Synonyms--Butoridcs virescens; ,4rdea viresceus; ,4rdea virescens anthonyi. Status--The breeding range of this species appears to be about the same as that of the Great Blue Heron--along the Colorado River, the Gila River, and the tributaries of the latter, north to the Big Sandy and Fort Verde (Oberholser, 9 I2, P. 543); while it is reported in winter from the lower Colorado near Yuma, November or December, I898 (Price, 899, p. 9). Thus far it has not been found in the northern plateau region. 48. Nycticorax nycticorax naevius Boddaert). BLACK-CROWNED NIGHT HERON. Synonyms--Nyctiardea gardeni; Nyctiardea grisea naevia. Status--A common migrant, occurring in suitable localities throughout the region. Remains through the winter along the lower Colorado River, and prob- ably in the warnmr valleys oi southern Arizona in general. Said to be a perma- nent resident in the Verde Valley (Mearns, 89oa, p. 5'). 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 17 49. Grus canadensis (Linnaeus). LITTLE BROWN CRAXE. Synonym--Grits mexicaa, part? Status--There are several records of the occnrrence of this species at various points along the Colorado River as well as in the interior, tinring the mig'rations and in winter. Some, at least, of these probably refer to G. mexicana, but in the absence of specimens it is impossible to separate them. A late record, authenti- cated by specimens, is of txvo birds taken near Tncson (Sloanaker, I9t2, p. t54). 5 o. firus mexieana (Mfiller). SaNnIt, CRS. SynonymGrus ca,adensis, part? Status"A few pairs breed at Mormon Lake, where a Mormon settler took its eggs in 886" (Mearns, 8a, p. 5I). This record for the Mogollon Moun- tains appears to be the only definite one for the state. A few are reported as seen along the San Pedro River each winter (F. C. Willard, MS). 5 . Railus levipes Bangs. LIGIIT-FooTED RAIL. Statns"Accidental in Arizona" (A. O. U. Check-List, 9o, p. o2). Ac- cording to information received by me from Mr. W. W. Cooke this record was based on a specimen taken August 25, 2, by Mr. Herbert Brown, at Yuma. 5 2. Railus rginiams Linnaeus. VCNA RAIL. StatusThe only Arizona records of the Virginia Rail are of a single bird seen on the San Pedro River, January 28, 886, by Scott (886, p. 385), and of one taken at Tucson, April , 886, by Brown (Allen, 886, p. 386, footnote).' It shonld prove to be common, hawever, if sought for in suitable localities. 53. orzana carolina (Linnaeus). $ORA. StatusMearns (8a, p. 5 ) found this species in the Mogollon Moun- tains (Mormon Lake, Stoneman's Lake) in May, abundant and probably breed- ing. Aside from this it has beeu found in Arizona on but a few occasions, dur- ing the migrations and iu scattered localities (Colorado River, Camp Apache, Tucson, Moencopie). 54. Cotureops noveboracensis (Gmelin). YLLOW RAm. StatnsOne specimen reported from Sacaton, March 28, 9 9 (Gilman, 9o, p. 46). Not otherwise observed in Arizona. 55. Ionornis marhnieus (Linnaeus). PURPLE OALLINULE. StatusTwo specimens have been secured in Arizona: one on the Santa Cruz' River, near Tucson, October 2o, 887 (Brown, 888a, p. o9), the other at Tombstone, taken in June, 4 (Willard, 5, P. 2). 18 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 56. Gallinula galeata (Lichtenstein). FLORIDA GAI.LIN ULE. Status--This species is probably fairly common, at least during the migra- tions, though there are but very few published statements in regard to its occur.- renee. Scott (r886, p. 386) found it on the San Pedro River in January, and quotes Brown to the effect that it is "not uncommon about Tucson." Rhoads (r892 , p. r 3) also found it in the vicinity of Tucson in summer. 57. 17nlica americana Gmelin. AMERICAN COOT. Status--Though a few have been noted at different times in southern Ari- zona during the summer months, the only part of the state where the species has been found breeding is on the high Mogollou Plateau (Mearns, r89oa, p. 52). During the migrations it is quite generally distributed, while it winters in south- ern Arizona. 58. Lobipes lobatus (Linnaeus). NORTHERN PItALAROPE. Synonym--Phalarop,,ts lobatus. Status--"A flock of eight, six of which were killed, was found in a little crater lake ('Walker Lake'), August 9" (Merriam, 89o , p. 88). This record from San Francisco Mountain is the only one for Arizona. 59- Steganopus tricolor Vieillot. W-soN P-^o.;. Synonyms--Phalaropux wilsoni; Stegatopux wilsoni. Stares'--Found on the Colorado River in September by Coues (r866a, p. 263), in southeastern Arizona by Henshaw (875b , p. 45r), whe found it com- mon in August, and at Tucson, where Scott (886, p. 386) found it "common during the migrations." 60. Recnrvirostra americana Gmelin. AMERICAN AVOCET. Status--Has been noted during the fall migration at various points on the Colorado River, the Little Colorado, the Gila, and in the vicinity of Tucson. There is a specimen in the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology (no. 7069) taken, probably by W. W. Holder, at "Mineral City" (Ehrenberg), February r2, 864. 6. Himantopus mexicanus (Mfiller). BLACK-NECKED STILT. Synonym--Himantopus nigricollis. Status--Recorded only from points on the Colorado River, where Coues (I866a, p. 263) met witi it in September, and Stephens (9o3, p. 77) in Aug- ust. It should occur during the migrations throughont southern Arizona at least. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 19 62. Gallinago dellcato (Ord). WILSON SNIpV;. Synonyms--Scolopa;r wilsonii; Gallinago wilso,ii. Status--A migrant occurring througlout the state. Was found on Bill Williams Fork in February (Kennerly, I859, p. 34), and is of occasional occur-- rence in winter in southern Arizona. 63. Macrorhamphus griseus scolopaceus (Say). LONG-BILLED DOWlTCHER. Synonym--Macrorhamphus griseus. Status--There is but little information at hand pertaining to the occurrence of this species in Arizona. Cones (I866a, p. 97) speaks f it as being "sparing- ly distributed throughout the Territory", without citing any specific instances of its capture. Henshaw (t875b, p. 453) lists a specimen from Mimbres, Arizona, October 22, and comments that the species is "apparently an uncommon visitor in Arizona." A specimen entered in the British Museum Catalogue of Birds (Sharpe, 896, p. 3): " ad., Arizona, Oct. 22, C. G. Newberry", is probably the same one alluded to by Henshaw. These are all referred to as Macrorhamphus 'r,tsctts, but it seems more prob- able that the form occurring in Arizona is M. g. scolapaceus. I have seen no specimens from the region. 64. Pisobia bairai (Cones). BAtRD SANDPIPER. SynonymsTringa schfi,zii ; Actodromas bairdi ; 73'ittga bairdi. Status---Henshaw (875b, p. 455) found it quite numerous in the fall in southeastern Arizona, taking specimens at Camp Apache, August 26-29, and at Camp Crittenden, September 2. Merriam (xS, p. 88) met with it at Walker Lake, San Francisco Mountain, August 27 and September t. Not reported from the Colorado River. 65. ?isobia rainattila (Vieillot). 4E. ST ANDPIPER. Synonyms-4ctodromas mimttilla ; Trin ga imttilla ; Limostires ninutilla. StatusA common migrant throughout the state. It is probably a winter visitant in partq of southern Arizolm and along the lower Colorado River, but the only definite record of a xvinter bird is of a specimen mentioned by Cooke (x9xo, P. 4x), as in the Un}ed States National Mnseum, cc11ccted in winter in sonttmrn Arizona, no definite date or locality being given. 66. ?elidna alpina sakhalina (Vieillot). R-ncc SANDPIPER. SynonymTringa alphta pacica. StatusRecorded by Scott (886, p. 386), who secured specimens near Tuc- son in April, 883. Apparently not otherwise observed in Arizona. 20 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 67. Ereunetes mauri Cabanis. WESTERN SANDPIPER. Synonyms--Triuga pusilla; Ereuuetes pusillus; Ereunctes occidentalis. Status--A common migrant throughout the state: Fort Apache. Artgust 28, 29 (Henshaw, I874 , p. I45); Tucson, spring and fall (Scott, x886, p. 386); San Francisco Mountain, September t (Merrimn, x89o, p. 88). On the lower Co16rado River at least, a winter visitant (Price, i899 , p. 68. Totanus melanoleueus (Gmelin). GREATER YELLOW-LEGS. Synonym--Gambetta melauoleuca. Status--Has been observed in Arizona on but a few occasions, and at scat- tered localities. Coues (866a, p. 98) states that it is "abundant on the Col- orado." Reported from Bill Williams River in February (Kennerly, I859 , p. 34'); from :Fucson in October (Scott, 886, p. 386): and from the Pima Indian Reservation, south of Phoenix, in September (Breninger, 9ota, p. 45). 69. Itelodromas solitarius einnamomeus (Brewster). ,VESTERN SOI.tTAP, Y SANDPIPER. Synonyms--Rhyacophihts solitarius,' Totanus solitarius; Hclodromas soli- larius. Status--An abundant nilgrant in suitable localities throughout the state. 7 o. Catoptrophorus semipalmatus inornatus (Brewster). .. WESTERN WILLET. Synonyms--Totanus scmipalmatus ; S3'mphemia semipalmata. Status--The only records for Arizona (beside the general statement of Woodhouse that he found this species abundant in the fall in "New Mexico") are those of birds seen by Cones (I866a, p. 97) near Fort Whipple, on October I8, 1864; and of one collected in "Arizona" by Bischoff, :\.'lay 5, t87I (Henshaw, 875b, P. 457). 7 t. am'amia longieauda (. Bechstein). BARTRAMIAN SANDPIPER. Synonyms--.4ctiturus bartra,tius; Trbh'oidcs bartramius. Status--Woodhouse reported this species as common in parts of "New Mex- ico", but the only specimen definitely known to have been taken in Arizona is one collected by Henshaw (I875b, p. 46t) at Snlplmr Spring, Cochise County, Aug- ust I8, 874. 72. Actitis macularius (Linnaeus). SPOTTED SANDPIPER. Synonym--Tring'oides macularius. Status--A common nilgrant throughout the state, and probably to be found on the lower Colorado River during the winter months. Found breedin on San Francisco Mountain at an elevation of lo,ooo feet (Mearns, I89oa, p. 82). 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 21 73. Numenius americanus gecllstein. LONG-BII,LED CURLEW. Synonym--Numeuius longirostris. Status--Coues (866a, p. 98) secured a specimen at Fort Whipple in Aug- st, 864; Scott (1886, l ). 386) recorded it as a migrant about Tucson, on the auth()ritv of 'gown; Sloanaker (93, p. 95) reports a specimen from Tucson, October 2 S, and Stephens (9o3, p. 77') noted it on the Colorado ]x ver, at Ehrenberg, in August. These are all the records for Arizona. 74. 0xyechus vociferus (Linnaeus). KH.r. DER. S5 nonymsCharadrius vocifcrus; eg'ialitis vociferus. StatusA common summer visitant, and, along the lower Colorado River at least, a winter visitant also. Breeds in suitable localities throughout the state, except in the arid Lower Sonoran southwestern portion. Common in summer in the valleys of sontheastern Arizona; in the Mogollon Plateau region it ranges up to 7o feet (Mearns, 8a, p. 52). 75- AEg'ialitis semipalmata (Bonaparte). SEMP.XLMATED PLOVER. StatusSeen by Coues (I866a, p. 96) on the Colorado River in September and October, 865; Scott (I886, p. 387) found it abundant in the viciuity of Tnc- son, during April, 883. These are the only records. 76. P0dasoeys montams (Townsend). IouNTA N PLOVER. Synonymsgialitis moulantts ; Eudromfas ,oulauus. StatusCoues (866a, p. 96) met with this species, presumably at Fort Whipple. and says that it is "spariugly distributed throughout Arizona." The only other record from Arizona is that of Osgood (9o3, p. 28), who found it abundant at Sulphur Spring', Cochise County, in December and January. 77. Colinus ridgayi Brewster. IASKED BOB-WHITE. SynonymsOrtyx vu'g'iuianus; Ortyx graysoni; Orty.r ridgwayi. StatnsThis species formerly occupied a very limited region in extreme southern Arizona. Baboquivari Peak on the west, and the ttuachuca Monntains on the east, were about the limits of its extenMon, nor was it known to range more than thirty or forty miles north of the United States-Mexican boundary line. It is now supposed to be nearly or quite extinct in Arizona: there is no reliable published acconnt of a specimen secured in the state since 1888. 78. Callipepla squamata squamata (Vigors). SCALED QUAIL. StatusA common resident of the arid, seni-desert, Lower Sonoran val- levs of southeastern Arizona, usually below 4 feet, occasionally up to 45oo feet. Has been found as far west as the Altar Valley and Wood's Station, ninety 22 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 iniles sonthwest of Tncson (Bendire, 892 , p. 8). It ranges up the valley of the Santa Cruz River to a point some thirty miles south of 'l?ucson; along the western base of the Santa Rita Mountains it reaches a little farther north. It is abundant on the east side of the Santa Ritas and in the valley of the San Pedro River from the Mexican boundary line to the cast slope of the Santa Catalina Monntains. The northernmost points of record are Fort Grant (Elenshaw, 875 b, p. 442), Picacho Station, on the Southern Pacific railroad, this probably an treme, possibly an nnusual, extension of range (Brewster, 883, p. 33), and the Gila River near Clifton (Bendire, 1892 , p. I8). Although the character of country inhabited by this species and ),ophorty.v gambeli is very similar, there are but few points where the two occur together, and where this occurs one or the other is usually greatly in preponderance. 79. Lophortyx gambeli Gambel. D:s<? Synonyms--Callipepla gainbell; Lophortyx californicus. Status--Though most abundant in the valleys of the lower Colorado and the Gila rivcrs, this species is qnite generally distributed, in the lowlands, throughout the southern and western two-thirds of the state. It is not known to occur in the northern plateau region, north of Fort Apache and the Mogollon Mountains and east of Bill Williams Mountain and Cataract Cation; and until recently it was very rare in the extreme southeastern corner of the state, the southern half of Cochise County. Of late years has become much nore common in the vicinity of Tombstone and the Dragoon Mountains. Occurs in the latter range up to 500o feet (F. C. Willard, MS). 8o. Cyrtonyx montezumae mearnsi Nelson. M;.xNs Quxu. Synonyms--Cyrto.y.r :assca ; Cyrtot3,x motcztmae ; Fool Quail. StatusFound in the Upper Sonoran and Transition of central and south- eastern Arizona. It has been recorded from the following mountain ranges: Chiricahua, Huachuca, Carmelira, Patagonia, Santa Rita, Whetstone, Rincon, Santa Catalina, Pinal, White and Mogollon mountains. The most 'northern and western record is from the vicinity of Fort Whipple. The range is thus very "spotty" and broken, the intervening valleys between the various ranges being, for the most part, entirely unsuited to the species. The vertical range is from 4 to 9  feet. 8. Dendragapus obscurus obscurus (Say). DusKY GRousE. Synonym--Cad,ace obscr, ts. Status--Common in the White Mountains (Mearns, 89oa, p. 52). There is a record of a single bird seen on San Francisco Mountain (Merriam, 89 o, p. 89). 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 23 82. Meleagris gallopavo merriami Nelson. MERRI^ TURKEY. Synonynls--Melea7ris gallopavo ; Mclcagris mexica.a. Status--This species was probably at one time pretty generally distributed throughout the state, south of the Grand Cation of the Colorado and the Little Colorado River, reaching its western limit, in southern Arizona about the valley of the Santa Cruz, in the north, about the head of Bill Williams River. Now driven back to the most remote mountain ranges, and even in many such, nearly or quite exterminated. 83. Columba fasciata fasciata Say. BA-.ND-TAII2ED PIGEON. Statns--A common summer visitant in suitable localities throughont the state; that is, in the higher mountain ranges, breeding nsuallv above 60o0 feel. Has been found in stunmar on San Francisco Mountain, Mount Graham, and the White, Mogollon, Santa Catalina. Huachuca, and Carmelita mountains. Is locally migratory, but probably to be found somewhere in the state at all times of the year. I know of no definite nlidwinter records. 84. genaiclura macroura marginella (Woodhouse). WESTERN MOURNING DovE. Synonynls--Ectopistes caroliwnsis ; Zczaœdttra carolizc,sis : ,macrotrg; Zeaidtra macrotrg carolincnsis. Status--A cornmon stunmar visitant throughont he state, occurring i, places in almost incredible numbers. In the valley of he Ioxver Colorado River, and locally in southern Arizona, it is found throughout the winter. 85 Melopelia asiatiaa tntdeaui (Audubon). WHITE-W [NGED DOVE. Synonyms--Coltmba lctcoptcra; Mclopclia leucoptcra; Mclopclia asiatiaa,. Status---A conlmon snmmer visitant, locally, in southern anti western Ari- zona. Its range in the state seenis to be restricted to the valleys of the lower Col- eratio and Gila rivers, and the tributaries of the latter (San Pedro, Santa Cruz, Verde, and Salt rivers), in which it ravges up to about 4oo0 feet. Extends at least as far north as Needles(Stephens, I9O 3, p. 77),and Fort Whipple (Cones; 1866a, P. 93)- Seen in small numbers at Tucson throughout the winter (Bendire, 1892 , p. 146). 86. (lhaemepelia passerina pallesaens Baird. MEXICAN GROUND DovE. Synonyms--Chamaepelia passer,ha; Coiumbi:fallia passerim. Status--Locally common in southern Arizona, ascending the valley of the ,Colorado as far north as the Big Sandy (Stephens, 19o3, p. 77), in the interior to Fort Verde (Todd, 19 3, p. 594)- It is partly migratory but stays through the winter in parts of its range. Specimens in the collection of F. S. Daggett taken at Fort Lowell in November and December. According to Gilman (911b, p. 54) it is a summer visitant only at SaGaton. 24 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 87. Scardafella inca (Lesson). IX'CA DovE. Status---Exceedingly local, and recorded frm very few points--Tucson, Phoe- nix, Florence, Tnbac (in the Santa Cruz Valley), and the Ituachnca Mountains. It particularly favors the towns and settlements, a trait shared to some extent by the Mexican Ground Dove, and is probably more abundant in the vicinity of lhoenix than anywhere else in the state. Reported as a peri, anent resident at .Sacaton, Pinal County (Gihnan, 9b, p. 55). 88. Oathartes aura septentrionalis Wied. TURKEY VULTURE. SynonymsCathartcx attra ; Rhino.gryphus aura. StatusA common summer visitant throughout the state; reported from many scattered localities, generally below 6 feet: Fort Whipple, summer; Santa Catalina Mountains, resident; San Francisco and Mogollon mountains, summer; Keam Cation, summer; Huachuca Mountains, summer; Santa Rita Mountains, sumn]er. Breeding on the east slope of the Santa Catalina Moun- tains, in the Dragoon Mountains, and in the Huachua Mountains (F. C. XViltard, MS). It remains during the winter in parts of southern Arizona. 89. Circus hudsonius. (Linnaeus). MARSH HAWK. Synonyms--Circus cyancus; Circus cyaneus var. hudsonius. Status--An abundant migrant, and, in southern Arizona at least, a commou winter visitant (Scott, 886, p. 422; San Pedro River, January). Found breed- ing near Tucson by Bendire (892 , p. I85). 9o. Accipiter velox (Wilson). 8IIARP-SIIINNED HAWK. Synonyms--dccipitcr f,uxclt$; 3/'isux fitstits; dccipiter velox rulilatus; Ac- cipitcr velox pacilicus. Status--Probably breeds in small numbers in the higher mountains through- ()tit the state, but though observed during the summer months there are no de- finite published statements of its breeding anywhere in Arizona. Found nesting in the Huaclmca Mountains. a set of eggs being taken in Miller Cation, at an altitude of 680o feet, May 3 o, 9o7 (F. C. Willard, MS). It is a very common migrant throughout the state, and has been seen in southern Arizona during the winter, at the San Pedro River in January (Scott, t886, p. 422), and at Sulphur Spring, Cochise County, in November (Osgood, 9o3, p. 29). 91. Aecipiter cooperi (Bonaparte). COOPER HAWK. Synonyms--.dccipitcr me.ricamts; Nisus cooperi. Statns--A very common resident, breeding in suitable localities throughout 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 25 the state, in Lower and Upper Sonoran, and to at least the lower edge of Transi- tion. There are breeding records froin Picacho, Colorado River (Mus. Vert. Zool.); Santa Cruz River near Tucson (Swarth, 19o5a, p. 25); Huachuca Moun- tains (Swarth, 19o4b , p. 6); Santa Rita Mountains (Brewster, J883, p. 3 o); San- ta Catalina Mountaius (Scott, 886, p. 422); and Fort Grant (Coues, 1868, p. 82). It remains locally through the winter. 92. Astur atrica10ilhs atricapillus (Wilson). AMERICAN COSHAWK. Synonyms--tccipitcr atricapillus; lccipiter atticapillars striatulus. Status--There are very few records of the occurrence of this species in Ari- zona: On San Francisco Mountain. where several were seen (Merriam, 189o, p. 9 o); a fexv individuals in the Mogollons in May and on San Francisco Moun- tain in June (Mearns, 189oa, p. 53); and in tbe Huaclmca .Mountains, where it is a rare migrant (Swarth, 19o4b, p. 6). 93- :Parabuteo unicinctus harrisi (Audubon). IARRIS HAWK. Synouyms--Morphmts ,iciwtts; Uraxircx miciwt,s; Craxire.v harrisii. Status--Recorded from the Colorado River in February (Kennerly, 1859, p. 20), and at Ehrenberg in August (Stepbens, 19o 3, p. 77). It ranges across southern Arizona, and has been found breeding in the vicinity of Tucson (Bendire, 892, p. 202), and at the east base of the Huachnca Mountaius, where a set of eggs was collected June 1, 19o 7 (F. C. Willard, MS). Seen on the San Pedro River, in extreme southeastern Arizona, in February (Willard, 9mc, p. lm). ,24. lluteo borealis calurus Cassin. WESTERN RED-TAILED HAWK. Synonyms--Btteo borealis; Btteo cahtrts; Buteo montanus. Status--An abundant resident, fonnd in all parts of the state. Breeds from Lower Sonoran up throu.h Transition, exact points of record being Rillito Creek near Tucson, Camp Crittenden, Santa Cataliua Mountains, and the pine belt of the Mrgo!lon Mountains. 95. lluteo abbreviatus Cabanis. ZONE-TAILED HAWK. Synonym--Buteo zo;tocercus. Status--Generally distributed throughout southern Arizona. Recorded from many locaiities (Colorado River, Santa Cruz Valley, Rincon Mountains, etc.) north to the Verde Valley, Prescott, and the Big Sandy. Numerous breed- ing records, mostly in the Upper Sonoran zone: Tucson (Brewstel', 1883, p. 3 o); New River (Mearns, 886a, p. 60); Huachuca Mountains (Bendire, 1887, p. 55 ); Rincon Mountains (Brown, 9Ol, p. 392): east slope of Santa Catalina Mountains (F. C. Willard, MS). Except along the lower Colorado it seems to go south of Arizona in the winter. Seen at Yuma in winter (Price. 1899, p. 9I). 26 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 96. :Buteo swainsoni Bonaparte. SWAINSON HAVK. Synonyms--B:.tco bairdi; Butco insigtattts; Btttco oxyptcrts. Status--An abundant summer visitant on the plains in extreme sop. theastern Ariznna (Tucson, Fort Grant, Fort ttuachuca, etc.); also found breeding near Yuma (11rown, 119o3, p. 44)- During the mig'rations it is more wideh' distribut- ed. Has not been observed in Arizona during the winter months. 97. ]tuteo albicaudatus sennetti Allen. SENNETT WHITE-TAILED HAWK. Status--A nest found by G. F. Breninger between Florence aud Red Rock in I897 , and a male bird taken by the same collector at Phoenix in the spring of I899 (11899c, p. 352). Not otherwise observed in Arizona. 98. lJrubitinga anthraeina (Lichtenstein). MEXICAN BLACK HAWK. Status--The only breeding record is from the vicinity of Fort Verde, in central Arizona (Mearns, 886a, p. 60). Other points at which the species has been observed are Forts Bowie, Lowell, and Huachuca. Its occurrence at Fort Bowie in February (Fowler, I9O3, p. 7 o) indicates that it remains throughout the year in some parts at least of southern Arizona. 99- Asturina plagiata Sch!egel. MEXICAN COSH'AWK. Synonyms--isttrina itida,' 4sttrina itida plagiata. Status--The center of its abundance in Arizona seenis to be the valley of the Santa Cruz River, where it is not uncommou during the summer months. It has also been found breedino' on Rillito Creek (a tributary of the Santa Cruz), in the foothills of the Santa Rita Mountains, on the San Pedro River, aud, the westernmost record, on the Gila River in the vicinity of Gila Bend (Pember, 11892, P. 53)- IOO. /lrchibuteo lagopus sancti-johannis (Gmelin). AMER1CAN ROUGII-LEGGED HxwK. Synonym--.4rchibuteo lagop,ts. S'atus--A specimen taken bv Coues (866a, p. '48) at Fort Whipple in the winter of 865. lienshaw (11875a, pp. I63, I64) cites Bendire as having met wilh the species at Tucson in winter. IOI. Archibuteo femtgineus (Lichtenstein). .FERRUGINOUS RoUGH-LEGGED I-tAWK. Status--Coues (866a, p. 46) found this species abundant in winter in the vicinity of Fort Whipple. Fisher (I893a, p. 9 I) records a specimen taken at Fort Verde in December. The fexv other Arizona records are either of doubtfully identified birds, or else are not explicit statements of the place or manner of oc- currence. It bas not been found breediug in Arizona. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 27 o2. Aquila chrysaitos (Linnaeus). GOLDEN Synonyms--,4quila catadensis; ,4qtila chrysaetus var. canadcnsis. Status--A fMrly common resident of the higher mountain ranges in northern Arizona, and in the eastern part of the state south to the Mexican boundary line. Found breeding at Prescott (Coues, x892b, p. 2or); reported as resident in the Santa Catalina Mountains (Scott, 886, p. 423), and in the Huachuca Moun- tains (Swarth, x9o4b, p. 7); an old nest seen in the latter range (Swarth MS). Recorded from various other scattered localities: in summer, San Francisco Mountain, Santa Catalina Mountains, Keam Cation, etc.; in fall and winter, Grand Cation, Fort Whipple, Huachuca Mountains, etc. Not observed anywhere in the western deserts. o 3. Haliaeitus leuc0cephalus leuc0cephalus (Linnaeus). B^LD EACLE. Status--Reported by Mearns (89oa, p. 53) as breeding' at Stoncman*s Lake, in the Mogollon Mountains. Coues met with it at Fort Whipple, and Henshaw at Fort Apache in southeastern Arizona; a specimen is listed by Fisher (893a, P. 97) as collected in the Mogollon Momtains in January. o4. Falco mexicanus Schlegel. PR^IRIE FALCON. SynonymsFalco polyagrts; Falco laarius var. po13,agrts ; Falco sak:'r var. polyagrus. Status--Fairly common resident throughout the state; reported from many different points, winter and summer. Found breeding on San Francisco Moun- tain (Merriam, 89 o, p. 9o), and in the Huachuca Mountains (Howard, 9o2. P. 57), and an occupied nesting site observed on the Colorado River neat' the mouth of Bill Williams River in the spring of 9to (Mus. Vert. Zool.). o5. Falco peregrinus anaturn Bonaparte. Duck H^wK. Synonyms--Falco (mattm : Falco i'riceps : Falco commds var. anatmm Status--Resident and apparently common in the mountains of central Ari- zona (Mearns, 89oa, p. 54)- In the more sonth'ern parts of the state it is a rather uncommon migrant. o6. 17alto colurnbarius colurnbarius Linnaeus. Pco H.wK. Synonym--Hypotriorchis columbariu.. Status--I know of no instance of this species breeding in Arizona. It oc- curs as a fairly common migrant, and, in some localities, possibly as a winter visi- tant. 28 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 To 7. Falco columbarius richardsoni Ridgway. RICHARDSON VIERLIN. Synonyms--Falco richardsoti; Falco acsalon. Status--Cooper secured au adult female at Fort Mohave, January 2, i86i (Mus. Vert. Zool., no. 4388), and Fisher (893 a, p. 4) lists one collected at Fort Verde, December 9, 887, the only definite records I know of for Arizona. Coues' (866a, p. 42) comments on Falco a.csalot undoubtedly refer to this species, but give no clne as to its status in the region he explored. o8. ale0 fuse0-eaeruleseens Vieillot. APLOM ADO FALCON. SynonymsFalco [cmoralis ; Hypolriorchis [cmoralis. StatusFormerly, at least, a fairly common summer visitant in extreme southeastern Arizona. Henshaw (875b, p. 43) observed it in this region in 874, and Bendire (887, p. 552) describes its nesting near Fort Huachuca. Has been met with but seldom of late years. One seen on the San Pedro River, near Fairbanks, February 3, 9 ø (Willard, 9oc, p. o). o 9. ale0 sparvefius sparverius Linnaeus. AMERICAN PARROXV HAXVK. SynouymsTinmtncvlus sparvcrits; Falco sparvcritts dcserlicoltts; Falco sparvcrits pholocmt. StatusAn abundant resideut of general distribution, breeding both in the vlleys and in the mountaihs. There are, among ethers, breeding records from Frrt Whipple, Santa Catalina Mountains, Huachnca Mountains, Mogollon Moun- tains, and Santa Cruz River near Tucson, these points being variously in the Lower Sonoran, Upper Sonoran, and Transition zones. It is locally migratory, but prob- ably to be fotnd in most of the lower valleys dnring the winter. Explicit winter recor(Is are from Fort Whipple, Tncson, Sulphur Spring Valley, and the San Pedro River. m. ?01yb0ms eheriway (Jacquin). AUDUBON CARCARA. Synonyms?olyborts tharus; Polyborus atdubonii; Polyborts tharus var. attduboni. StatusApparently not common. Reported from the vicinity of Tucson in summer, and from Yuma, doubtfully identified by Price (899 , p. 9t), and the Salt River (Fisher, 3 a, p. 28) in winter. Found breeding sixteen miles south- west of Tucson by Herbert Brown (Bendire, 1892 , p. 37)'   t. ?andi0n haliatus ear01inensis (Gmelin). AMERICAN OSPREY. Synony4andion carolinensis. StatusThere seem to be no breeding records for the state though specimens have been taken in the summer months (see Fisher, 893a , p. 3o). Reported from scattered localities throughout Arizona during the migrations, nsually along the larger streams. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 29 112. Alueo pratincola (Bonaparte). AMERICAN BARN OWL Synonyms--oCtrix pratiJcola; oCtrix awericana; octfix [lamvwa var. aneri- cana; ,tri.v flammea; hco flammets pratincola. StatusProbably most abundant in the central portions of the state. Coues (x866a, p. 49) states that it is a common resident at Fort Whipple, and Fisher (x893a, p. x32) lists numerous specimens from Fort Verde, taken in May, July, October and December. There are no records from the northern plateau region. and in southern Arizona it is rare. Found breeding at Tombstone on several occasions (F. C. Willard, MS). Found breeding also near Pilot Knob, on the Colorado River (Mus. Vert. Zool.). This was on the California side of the stream, but in the absence of Arizona records from the region, may be cited as evidence of the manner of occurrence of the species in this valley.  3. Asio wilsonianus (Lesson). AMERICAN LONG-EARED OXVL. SynonymsOtts amcrica,ls; Otus wilsolianls; Otlts wtlgaris var. wil- solffamts; sio americamrs. StatusApparently of rare occurrence. Reported during .the migrations and in the winter, from varions scattered localities throughout the state: Fort Whipple; Tucson, February; Fort Verde, January, February; Sulphur Spring, April; Fort Huachuca, April.  4. Asio flammeus (Pontopiddan). SHOR-EARED OWL. SynonymsStrigiceps ulig'iosus; Brachyottts cassi,ii; Ohts brachyohts; tsio acc½itrinus. StatusA migrant and winter visitant. Reported from Fort Whipple, Colo- rado River. Fort Bowie, Gila Bend, and Sulphur Spring Valley. Met with by but a few observers, and in small numbers, except as reported by Coues (866a. p. 503. who found it common on the Colorado River.  t 5. Strix occidentalis huachucae Swarth. AtZOXA S.po'r'r ;D Synonyms.3, r',ittm occidentale ; gtri.r occidentalis. StatusA resident, probably not very uncommon, in the higher mountains of southeastern Arizona. There seem to be published records of its occurrence only from the vicinity of Tucson (Ridgway, 874 , p. 239; Bendire, 1892 , p. 343) and from the Huachuca Mountains (Swarth, 9tob, p. t). t 6. Ctoglaux acadica acadica (Omelin). S,w-w Own. SynonymNyctale . acadica. StatusKnown only from the record by Mearns (8a. p. 54), who found it breeding on San Francisco Mountain. 30 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 7. 0tus asi0 cineraceus (Ridgway). MExm_a SCREEC OwL. Synonyms--cops mccalli, part; 3,.Icgascops asio trichopsis, part; Megascops asio cineracezts, part; 3'cops asio, part; 3¾ops asio var. macc,alli, part. StatusA common resident of the Upper Sonoran zone in southern Ari zona. It has not been found on the plateau region of northeastern Arizona. 8. 0tus asi0 gilmani Swarth. Sxvo ScRc Oxw. Synonyms 3'cops mccalli, part; ,gcops asio; 5;cops io var. macca,lli, part: Scops asio trichopsis; Xcops trichopsis; Megascops asio trichopsi6 part; Megas- c?s 'io cineraceus, part; Otzts trichopsis, part. StatusA common resident of the hot Lower Sonoran valleys of southern and western Arizona. Ranges east to Tucson and the valley of the Santa Cruz River, west to the Colorado, River; it ascends the latter stream at least as far as Fort Mohave (a specimen collected hy Cooper at Fort Mohave, February 24, 86t, no. 4395, coll. Univ. Calif. Mus. Vert. Zool.). 9. 0tus tfieh0psis (Waglet). SPoT'r Scc Ow. Synonymsegascops aspersus; Megascops trichopsis. StatusThe Huachuca Mountains seems to be the only place in the United States where this species has been fonnd, though it undoubtedly occurs also n some of the neighboring mountain ranges. In the Huachucas it is known as a rare summer visitant, about ten specimen having been secured. A set of three eggs taken in that range on June 9, x, by G. F. Breninger, and now in the collection of the Field Museum of Natural History, establishes a breeding rec- ord for the region. The parent bird being taken with the set (no. 6234 coll. Field Mus. Nat. Hist.) renders the identity unquestionable. 2o. 0tus flammeohs (Kaup). FLAMMULATED SCREEC}I OWL. SynonymsXcopx [[amncola ; 2egaacopa [lanmeobt& StatusProbably a fairly common summer visitant of the higher mountains throughout the state. Specimens have been secured at the G:rand Cation (Mer- riam, 8, p. 39), near Camp Apache (Henshaw, 875b , p. 4), in the Huachuca Mountains (Swarth, 9o4 b, p. 9), and in the Chiricahua Mountains (specimen in Mus. Vert. Zool.). It has been found breeding in the Huachucas (Willard, 9 c, P. 99). 2. Bub0 hrnianus pallescens Stone. WESTERN HORNED OWL. SynonymsBubo magellanicta; Bubo virginianux; Bubo virginlanux paci- cux; Maio mag'ellanicua palleacena; Blbo ag-ellalica palleacela; Bubo vir- ginianus var. arclici.ta,' Bubo virgiiams sibarclicita; Bubo virginianus saturat,s; Mo magellanicus pac;cus. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 31 Status--A fairly common resident, reported from all parts of the state. Found in Lower Sonoran (Tucson, Gila River, etc.), Transition (Huachuca Mountains, Hualpai Mountains) and Boreal (sprnce belt of San Francisco Mountain: Merriam, 89o, p. 9 ). 122. Speotyto cunicularia hypogaea (Bonaparte). ]:} URROWIN G OXVL. Synonyms--t. thcne hypuaca ; zqthcJtc c,tnicularia. Status--Irregularly and locally distributed throughout the valleys of the state. In general it may be said to be common w. here the Prairie Dog (Cynomys) is fonnd, in the lower Sonoran valleys of nrtheastern and sontheastern Arizona, and decidedly rare elsewhere. Sparingly distribu*ed across the plains of south- western Arizona. 123. Glauciclium gnorna pinicola Nelson. RocKY M(uN'r:\IN I'I(;MY O\VL. Synonyms--Glaucidimt passerim var. calif o'rictm, part; Gia;c,di,m StatusA resident i the Transition zone of the higher mountains through- out the state. Reported from many scattered localities: Prescott, San Francisco Mountain, Huachuca Mountains, Chiricahua Mouutains, Mogollon Mountains, White Mountains. 124. Glauciclium phaloenoicles (Daudin). FERRUGINOUS PIGMY OWL. Synonyms--Glatcidium fcrr;.'i,tcm; Glatcidim passcrimt.t var. califor- nicum, part. Status--Apparently restricted to the valler of the upper Gila River, and its tributaries (Salt River, Santa Cruz River, etc.), where it is uot uncommon. Has not been taken west of Gila Bend. A bird of the Loxver Sonoran zone almost ex- clusively. Probably resident, though I know of no definite winter records.  25. llicropallas whitneyi (Cooper). EL' OwL. Synonyms--zqthene whitcyi; Micrathcne whiteyi. Status--A common species in the Lo\ver Sonoran zone in southern Arizona, from the valley of the Santa Cruz, and the Catalina Mountains, west to the Col- orado River; north along the latter to the Big Sandy River (Stephens, 9o3, p. o) and Fort Mohave (Cooper, 186I, p. 8). During the breeding season it is almost entirely restricted to. the region occupied by the giant cactus. There is, however, a breeding record from the Huachuca Mountains (Fisher, 9o4, p. 8o). It is probably migratory to some extent. as the records from scattering points out- side the proper breeding range would indicate: Fort Mohave, April; Dragoon Mountains, April; Fort Bowie, October; etc. 32 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 I26. Rhynchopsitta pachyrhyncha (Swainson). THICK-BILLED PARROT. Status--Known only as an irregular, occasionally abundant, mid-summer visitant to the Chiricahua Mountains (see Lusk, i9oo, p 29; Smith, 9o7 a, p. to4). 27. Crotophaga sulcirostris Swainson. GROOVE~BLLED ANI. Status--A single bird recorded as taken near the Huachuca Mountains in May, 888 (Poling, 89 , p. 33). 28. Geococcyx californianus (Lesson). ROADRUNNER. Synonym--Gcococcyx viaticux. Status--A fairly common resident of the valleys and foothills below 2ransi- tion. Reported from many low zone localities in all parts o.f the state. Probably breeds mainly in the Lower Sonoran zone, wandering to somewhat higher alti- tudes in late summer. I29. Coccyzus americanus occidentalis Ridgway. CALIFORNIA CUCKOO. Synonym--Coccyzus americanus. Status--A summer visitant, fairly common, but of irregular distribution. It is found in the valleys of southern Arizona, along the Gila River and its trib- utaries, and also along the Colorado River, but has not been detected in the high plateau region of northeastern Arizona. Breeds mainly in the Lower Sonoran zone, but also, in linfited numbers, in Upper Sonoran almost to the lower edge of Transition (Swarth, I9o4b, p. o). 3o. Trogon ambiguus Gould. COPPERY-TAILED I*ROGON. Status--A rare and irregular summer visitant in the 2ransition of some of the higher mountains of extreme southern Arizona. Reported from the Huach- ucas (Ridgway, I887a, p. I6I; I887b , p. I47; Fowler, i9o3, p. 69; etc.), the San Luis Mountains (Ridgway, I9I, p. 77 I) and, doubtfully, from the Santa Catalina Mountains (Scott, I886, p. 425). 3 I. Ceryle aleyon aleyon (Linnaeus). BELTED KINGFISHER. Status--A fairly common migrant in all parts of Arizona. Although report- ed as a permanent resident, or as a summer visitant, by several observers (Coues, I866a, p. 59: Scott, i886, p. 425: Bendire, 895 , p. 34), I know of no specific instance of a nest having been found. Remains through the winter in some of lhe warmer southern valleys: Tucson (Scott. 1. c.), Colorado River, below Yuma (Price, I899 , p. 92). 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 33 132. 0eryle amerieana septentrionalis SharFe. TEXAS KINGFIsI ER. Synonym--Ceryle americana. Status--Coues (8.6fic, p. 263) observed this species at points on the Col- orado River between Forts Mohave and Yuma, in Septemt'er, t865. Since that time it was not again met with until February 3, 9 ø, when F. C. Willard se- cured a single specimen, an adult male, on the San Pedro River, near Fairbanks (Willard, 9IOC, p. o). This specimen is now in the University of California Museum of Vertebrate Zoology (no. 399o). I33. Dryobates villosus leneothoreetis Oberholser. WHITE-BREASTED WOODPECKEI/{. Synonyms--Picus harrisii; Picus villosts harrisi; Dryobates viilosus har- rsi; Dcndrocopts h.rrixi; Drvobates viiiosus hyloscop.ts; Dryobates villos,.s icastus. Status--A common resident' of the higher mountains throughout the state. Breeds in the Canadian and Transition zones, but is of occasional occurrence in winter in some of the lower valleys: Verde Valley in winter (Mearns, 89oa, p. 25 ); Tucson, winter (Bendire, 895, p. 53). 34. Dryobates pubescerts homorus Cabanis and Heine. BATCHELDER WOODPECKER. Synonyms--Picus pubesces; Picots gairdneri; Picus pubesams gatrdneri; Dryobates p,tbesce'ts gairdncri; Dr?bates pubescerts oreoecus. Status--There are bt:t few records of the occurrence of this species in Ari- zona. Henshaw (875b, p. 388) met with it on the Gila River in October, Scott (886, p'. 426) secured a single specimen at Riverside (also on the Gila River) in April, 882, while Mearns (89oa, p. 252 ) found it breeding sparingly in the pine and spruce zones of the San Francisco and Mogollon monntains. 35. Dryobates sealaris cactophilus Oberholser. CACTUS WOODPECKER. Synonyms--Picots scalaris; Dryobates scalaris; Dryobates scalm'is bairdi. Status--A common resident of the Lower Sonoran zone throughout south- ern and western Arizona. It ranges north to Fort Apache, the south base of the Mogollon Mountains, and Fort Whipple; along the Colorado River still farther north: confluence of Beaverdam and Virgin rivers (Fisher, 893b , p. 47). 36. Dryobates arizonae (Hargitt). ARZO½A WOODPECKER. Synonyms--Picus stricklandi; Dryobates stricklandi; Picus arizonae; Den- drocopus arionae. Status--A common resident of the live-oak belt of the mountains of the ex- treme southeastern corner of the state. Reported from the Santa Rita, Chirica- hua, Huachuca, Whetstone, and Rincon mountains, and the east slope of the San- ta Catalina Mountains. 34 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. I0 37. Picoicles americanus dorsalis Baird. ALPINE TItREE-TOED WOODPECKER. Status--A resident of the Canadian zone (pine and spruce belts) of the White, Mogollon and San Francisco mountains (Henshaw, 875b, p. 39; Mearns, 89oa, p. 252 ). 38. Sphyrapicus varius nuchalis Baird. RED-NAPED SAPSUCKER. Synonyms--?icts varitts ; Sphyrapicus varius; oCphyrapicus nuchalis. Status--A fairly common migrant, and, in extreme southern Arizona and along the Colorado River, a winter visitant. It has several times been reported as "resident" in northern Arizona, but I know of no authentic breeding record.  30. Sphyrapicus thyroideus (('assin). WILLIAM/SON SAPSUCKER. Synonym--S'phyrapicts wilIiamsotii. Status--Common resident in the Canadian zone of the higher parts of the White. Mogollon and San Francisco mountains (Mearns, 89oa, p. 252 ). Farther south it is a fairly common migrant and winter visitaut in the mountains, while it has once been reported from the Colorado River at Fort Mohave (Cooper, t86, p. 2). 4o. 3/lelanerpes eryhroeephalus Linnaeus). RED-HEADED WOODPECKER. Status--A single specimen vas taken by Price in the Chiricahna Mountains, in the spring of 894 (Bendire, 895, p. o7). This is tle only record for Ari- zona. 4 I. 3/lelanerpes formicivorus aculeatus Mearns. MEARNS WOODPECKER. Synonyms--.MeIanerpcs formicivoris; Mclanerpes [ormicivorts bairdi; g/claJtcrpcs telanopogot, part; Balatosphyra formicivora actleata. Status--A common resident of the live-oak regions. In northern Arizona ranges from the Grand Cation of the Colorado (Merriam, 890 , p. 39), and Bill Williams Mountain (Wetmre, x9o8, p. 379)--but not on San Francisco Mouu- tain (see Merriam, 89o, p. 92)--west to the Hualpai Mountains (Stephens, 9o3, p. o) and Fort Whipple (Coues, 866a, p. 55); extends southeastward- ly throughout the state, on the southern boundary ranging west to the Santa Rita Mountains. Absent from the arid southwestern portion, all that would be south aud xvest of a line drawn from the Hualpai to the Santa Rita Mountains. Re- ported as a straggler at Sacaton, September 5, 9 o (Gilman, 9a, p. 35). 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 35 142. Asyndesmus lewisi Riley. LEwis WOODPECKER. Synonyms--Celeus torquatus; Melancrpcs torquatus; zIsyndcsmus torqua- Status--Mentioned by Merriam (89o, p. 92) as breeding in the pition and cedar belt on San Francisco Mountain. Elsewhere in Arizona it bas been noted as an erratic visitant, present in numbers one year, and absent the next, but apt to occur almost anywhere. 43- Centurus uropygialis Baird. GILA WOODPECKER. Synonyms Melanerpes uropygialis. Statns--A common resident of the Lower Sonoran zone in sonthern and western Arizona. In the eastern part of the state it does not range north of the Salt River, bnt it ascends the Colorado at least to Fort Mohave; of occasional oc- currence at Fort Whipple (Coues, I866a, p. 54). It is practically restricted to such parts of the valleys of the Gila River and its tributaries as lie in the Lower Sonoran zone, and to the valley of the lower Colorado River. 44- Colapres cafer collaris Vigors. RED-SHAFTED FLICKER. Synonyms--Colaptes rubricatus ; Colaptes mexicanus ; Colaptes auratus mexi- canus ; Colapres ca[er. Status--Common resident, breeding in Upper Sonoran and Trausition. Breeding records from the Santa Catalina, Mogollou, Hualpai, Huachuca and Santa Rita mountains. Dnring the migrations and in the winter it is quite gener- ally distributed. 145. Colapres ehrysoides raearnsi Ridgway. MEARNS GILDED FLICKER. Synonyms--Colaptes ayresii; Colaptes chrysoides. Status--A common resident of the Lower SOho.ran zone in parts of south- ern and western Arizona, extendiug east to the ganta Rita and the east slope of the Santa Catalina mountains, north to Fort Mobave. Its range is almost ab- solutely coextensive with that of the giant cactus, the easternmost limit of the species, some twenty-five miles sontheast of Tucson, being abruptly defined along the line marking the edge of the territory where the cactus grows. West of the Santa Rita Mountains in the giant cactus region, the gilded flicker is abundant, east of that range it is unknown. On the Colorado River it occurs at the few points where the cactus is found, but it has also been taken in different associa- tions, as at Fort Mohave (Cooper, I861, p. 121). 36 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. IG t46. Antrostomus vociferus macromystax (Wagler). STEPHENS WHIP-POOR-WILL. Synonyms--tntroxtomux ,oci[crux; tntrostomux voci[erux arizo,ae. Status--A fairly common summer visitant in some of the higher mountains of southeastern Arizona. Found in high Upper Sonoran and Transition zones in the Chiricahua, Santa Rita, Graham, Ituachuca and Whetstone mountains. Re- ported once from the Santa Catalina Mountains, in April (Scott, 1886, p. 429). 147. Phalaenoptihs nuttallii nuttallii (Audubon). POORWILL. Synonyms--Uapri,ttl'tx mtttallii; tnlrostonus nuttallii; Phalaenoptihts mtttalli nitidus. Status--A common summer visitant throughout the state. Definite breed- lug records from Arizona are rare, but the birds have been taken or observed in the breeding season in Lower Sonoran, Upper Sonoran, and the lower .part of the Transition zoue. It has heen found in December in the vicinity of Tucson (Bend/re, 895 , p. i53 ). 48. Chortleties virginianus henryi Cassin. WESTERN NIGHTHAWK. Synonyms--Chordcilcs virginianus ; Chordcilex popette ; Chordeilcx henryi, part; Chordeiles popcttte hcnryi. Status--Common summer visitant of the higher momitains throughout thc state: Flagstaff, Fort Whipple, San Francisco Mountain, Itualpai Mountains. Keam Cation, Whetstone Mountains, Huachuca Monntains. Apparently does not occur below Upper Sonoran, even in the migrations. Has not been observed any- where in southwestern Arizona. 49. Chordeiles acutipennis texensis Lawrence. TEXAS IGHTItAWK. Synonyms--Chordcilc.v ta'ensis,' Chordeiles henryi, part. Status--An abundant summer visitant of the Lower Sonoran zone in south- ern and western Arizona. In the eastern part of the state it apparently does not occur north of the Gila River; in the west it extends to a point some fifty miles south of Fort Whipple (Coues, I866a, p. 58),. and, along the valley of the Col- orado River, quite to the northern boundary of the state: mouth of Beaverdam Creek (Fisher, I893b, p. 53). i 5 ¸. Chaetura vauxi (Townsend). VAUx Swir. Synonym--tcanthyla' pclasia. Status--Apparently a rare migrant in Arizona; has been observed at but a few points. Seen in the Santa Catalina Mountains in October (Scott, i886, p. 429), at the Pima Indian Reservation on the Gila River, in September (Bren- inger, i9oia, p. 45), in the Ituachuca Mountains in May (Swarth, 9o4 b, p. t6), and along the Colorado River at Potholes, Yuma, and Pilot Knob, in April and May (Mus. Vert. Zool.). 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 37 5 . Aironautes raelanoleucus (Baird). WIIITE-THRO.\TED Sw [FT. Synonyms--.4canthylix sa.'atalis; Cypselus melazoleucus; Panyptila melano- lc.ca : g:licropts l.w!arto!ctczts. Status--Breeds commonly on rock), cliffs and precipices throughout the state. Remains through the winter in parts at least of southern and western Ari- zoua.  52. 17,ugenes fulgens (Swainson). RIVOLI HUMMINGBIRD. Status--A common summer visitant of some of the higher mountains of south6astern Arizona. While apparently most numerous in the Huachuca and Chiricahua mountains, it has been reported from the Santa Ritas, the San Luis Mountains, the Santa Catalinas (one specimen, Rhoads, 892, P. 7), and Mount Graham (Henshaw, 875b, p. 379), the latter being probably its northern limit. The vertical breeding range--where the nests are located--is about from 5ooo to 7ooo feet, but the adult males are usually to be found in high Transition, above 800o feet. 53. Cyan01aemus clemenciae (Lesson). BLUE-THROATED HUMMINGBIRD. Synonym--Cocligem clcmenciac. Status--A rather uncommon summer visitant in the damp shady cations of the mountain ranges of sc:utheastern Arizona. Has been found in the Santa Cata- lina, Santa Rita, Cbiricahna, San Luis, and Huachuca monntains. Nests and eggs have been sect, red in the last mentioned ran,g'e (see Breniger, I9O 3, p. 435; Willard, 9, p. 46). 5.1. Archilochus alexandri (Bourcier and Mnlsant). BLACK-CHINNED HUMMINGPIRD. Synonym--Trochil,s ale.¾azdri. Status--Very common snmmer visitant. found generally in foothill country and along wooded streams. Ranges north into the Mogollon Mountains in cen- tral Arizona, where Mearns (z89oa, p. 255 ) found it breeding in the pine belt, casually still farther north: z specimen, Keam Cation, July 31 (Fisher, z9o3, p. 35)- Breeds along the Colorado River to the northern boundary of the state. 55. Calypte costae (Bourier). COSTA HUMMINGBIRD. Synonyms-7-Xelasphorus costae ; attthis cost(te ; Trochilus costae. Status--Common summer visitant of the Lower Sonoran zone in southern and western Arizona; reported north to Fort Grant and Tucson in the east, and to Fort Mohave on the Colorado River. A few seem to remain through the win- ter as it has been found both at Bill Williams River (Baird, I858 , p. 38) and in the extreme southwestern corner of Arizona (.Bendire, 895 , p. 202) in Febru- ary. Though found breeding only at low altitudes, it is of common occurrence in the high mountains during the migrations, especially in the late summer: Huachuca Mountains, 55oo feet, July (Swarth, 9o4 b, p. 7). 38 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 56. Calypte anna (Lesson). ANNA HUMMINGBIRD. Synonym--Trochihtx anna. Status--A rare autunmal visitant, reported from Camp Grant in September (Henshaw, I875b, p. 375), from the Santa .Catalina Mountains in October (Scott, I886, p. 43x), and from the Huachuca Mountains in October (Fisher, I9O4, p. 80). I57. Selasphorus platycercus (Swainson). BROAD-TAILED HUMMINGBIRD. Synonym--Trochilux platycercux. Status--Common stunruer visitant in the higher parts of the 'I'ransition zone and upward, throughout Arizona; reported from practically all of the higher mountain ranges visited by collectors: White Mountains, Camp Grant, Santa Catalina Mountains, Mogotton Mountains, San Francisco Mountain, Hualpai Mountains, Huachuca Mountains, Santa Rita Mountains. But one lowland rec- ord: Sulphur Spring Valley (Osgood, 9o3, p. 3o).  58. Selasphorus rufus (Gmelin). RUFOU$ HUMMINGBIRD. Synonyms--Polytmux rtt[It$; Trochihtx rtt[us. Status--During the late summer this species is an exceedingly common mi- grant in the higher mou.ntains of the state. As it appears in numbers early in July it has been occasionally reported as a "summer resident", but it undoubtedly does not breed anywhere in Arizona. It is of comparatively rare occurrence in the spring. 59. Selasphorus alleti Henshaw. ALLEN HUM MINGBIRD. Synonym--7)'ochilus alleni. StatusA rare visitant: A male secured in the Santa Catalina Mountains, Jnly 23, 884 (Scott, 886, p. 43); specimens taken in the vicinity of Bisbee in August and September (Allen, 893, p. 36); and in the Huachuca Mountains h July, in 896 and in 2 (Swarth, 4b, p. 9). These are all the records for Arizona. The Allen and Anna hummingbirds probably belong in the same category in their manner of occurrence in Arizona: species that occasionally vander to this exceptional distance only at the period of general dispersal in the late summer. They can hardly be regarded as nigrants, following a fixed path to a definite des- tination. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 39 i6o. Atthis heloisa morcomi Ridgway. MORCOM I-tUM MINGBIRD. Synonym--,q tthis ,morcomi. Status--Known only from two adult females secured by H. (3. Rising in Ramsay Cation, in the Huachuca Mountains, July 2, I896 (see Ridgway, 898b, p. 325). One of these two birds, the type, is in the United States National Mu- seum; the second is in the University of California Museum of Vertebrate Zool- ogy (no. xo299). 6I. Stellula calliope (Gould). CALLIOPE I-IUM M INGBIRD. Synonym--Trochilus calliope. Statns--A fairly common migrant, chiefly in the higher mountains, where it makes its appearance in July and August. Scott (I886, p. 43 I) secured a speci- men in the Santa Catalina Mountains, April I4, I885, the only record I know of, of its occurrence in the spring. It has been fouud in the White Mountains, at Camp Grant and Camp Apache, in the Santa Catalina Mountains, and in the Huachucas. 62. Calothorax lucifer (Swainsen). LUCIFER IZ].Ul' MINGBIRD. Synonvm---Doricha cnicura. Status--One specimen, an adult female, taken by Itenshaw (875b, p. 38I) at Fort Bowie, A,gust 8, i874. Not otherwise observed in Arizona. 63. lIranomitra salvini (Brewster). AI_VIN HUMMINGBIRD. Status--An immature female, the second known specimen, was shot hy H. W. Marsden in the Huachuca Mountaius, July 4, 9o5. This bird is in the collection of L. B. Bishop (see Bishop, 9o6, p. 337)- 64. 1tasilinna leueotis (Vieillot). WHITE-EARED HUMMINGBIRD. Status--Rare summer visitant to some of the higher ranges of sontheasrern Arizona, reported from the Chiricabua, Santa Rita, and Huachnca mountains. 'l'here are published records of about half a dozen specimens taken in Arizona (see Fisher, 894, p. 325; Swarth, I9o4b, p. 9). It has not as vet been found actually breeding in the state, though it probably does so. 65. Cynanthus latirostris Sxvainson. BROAD-BILLED HUMMINGBIRD.. Synonyms--Circe latirostris; /ache laHrostris. Statns--A summer visitant, reported from the Sauta Catalina, Santa Rita, and Huachuca mountains, and from the Santa Cuz River west of the Patagonia Mountains. Probably most abundant in the Santa CatalJnas. where it is found along the streams from 35oo to 5ooo feet. In the Huachucas it is of very rare oc- 40 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 currence. Henshaw (875 b, p. 38o), records three specimens of this humming- bird "secured in the Chiricahua Mountains, at a point a few miles distant from oht Camp Crittenden." As old Camp Crittenden is many miles distant from the Chiricahua Mountains, and in the foothills of the Santa Ritas. the3 would seem to be a mistake, the more so as in a previous report on the same collections (t875a, p. 162) mention is made.of "three specimens secured in the Santa Rita Moun- tains near the border line." Bendire (1895 , p. 228) explicitly states that the species is not yet recorded from the Chiricahua Mountains.  66. Platypsaris aglaiae albiventris (Lawrence). XANTUS BECARD. Synonym--?latypsaris albiventris. Status--Price (888b, p. 425) secured a single specimen, a male bird, near the summit of the Huachuca Mountains, Jnne 20, 888. This is the only record for Arizona, and for the United States. 67. ryrannus verticalis Say. VF, STERN KINGBIRD. Status--A common summer visitant in the Lower Sonoran zone of southern nd xvestern Arizona. Fonnd in the valley of the Gila River, and along its more southern tributaries, and also along the Colorado River. Thongh not reported from any part of the high mountainons, central portion of the state, its presence in the arid northeastern corner is attested by a July record from Keam Cation (Fisher, 19o3, p. 35)- 168. Tyrannus vociferans Swainsou. CASSIN KI NGBRD. Status--Common summer visitant in parts of southeastern, and most of central and northern, Arizona. Breeds mostly in the Upper .Sonoran zone, in places extending up into Transitiou. Reported from Nogales in January (Baird, 858, p. 74). Has not been found in the arid Lower Sonoran southwestern por- tion of Arizona. 69. yiodynastes luteiventris Sclater. SULPHUR-BELLIED FLYCATCHER. Status--A fairly common summer visitant in the higher mountain ranges of extreme southeastern Arizona. Has been found in the Santa Rita Mountains (Henshaw, 875a, p. 16.), the Chiricahna Mountains (Henshaw 875b , p. 346), and the Hnachuca Monntains (Swarth, I9o4b , p. 2). 7 o. Myiarchus rrtagi.ter magister Ridgway. ARIZONA CRESTED FLYCATCtlER. S?onyms--Myiarch,s cooperi.: Myiarch,s ,e.rica,.,x cooperi; Myiarch,:s mexicanus magister. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 41 Statns--A summer visitant in portions of southern and wcste,'n Arizona, reported from the vicinity of Tucson and the Santa Cruz Valley (many records), the Gila \Talley about Florence and Riverside (Scott, 887, p. 7), and, the north- ernmost record, on the Big Sandy ,Creek, where Stephens (9o3, p. o2) found it breeding in July, 9o2. In southeastern Arizona, at least, its range coincides exactly with that of the giant cactus, in which it nests. 7 . :Ylyiarehtts eineraseens eineraseens (Lawrence). ASH-THRoATED FLYCATCHER. Synonyms--Myiarchtts mexicanus; 3/Iyiarchux cri,Jtus var. cincr:sccns; 3{yiarchts mtttingi. Status--Abundant summer visitant, mostly in the Lower Sonoran zone, in southern and vestern Arizona, ranging north to Forts Apacb. e and Whipple, and up the Colorado River the entire length of the state. It is also reported from Keam Cation, in extreme northeastern Arizona, in July. Occurs as an occasional vinter visitant, having' been noted at Phoenix in December (specimen in Field Museum of Natural History), on the Gila River in December (Baird, 858, p. 79), and at Fort Mohave in January (Cooper. 87o, p. 36).  72. :Ylyiarehus la'wreneei olivaseens Ridgway. OLIVACEOUS FLYCATCHER. Synonyms--Myiarchs lawrecci; Myiarchts lawrccci oli:'accs. Status--Common summer visitant to a few mountain rauges of extreme southeastern Arizona. Most abundant in the Huachucas and Santa Ritas. but also reported from the Chiricahuas, the Whetstones, the Santa Catalinas (Scott, ß 887, p. 8, one specimen), and doubtfully, from Fort Grant (Bendire, 895, p. 27o). Restricted almost entirely to brushy cations of the Upper Sonoran zone. 73. Sayornis sa7us (Bonaparte). S.x¾ ProEsE. Synonym-- Tyran:,tla says. Status--Exceedingly common summer visitant of the plains and valleys throughout the state. Remains through the winter in southern Arizona: San Pedro River: Santa Catalina foothills (Scott. 887, p. 8); and in the valley of the Colo- rado Rivcr: Ymna (Price, 899, p. 92). 74. Sayornis nigricans (Swainson). BLACK PHOEBE. Synonym--ayo'nis ig'icans semiatra. Status--Resident in southern Arizona, irregularly distributed, and nowhere very common. Though resident in the region, it is locally migratory, moving up into the hills in sulnmer (to about 6oo0 feet), and down to the lower valleys dur- ing the xvinter months. It has been traced north to Fort Apache (Henshaw, 875 b, P. 347), Fort Verde (Coale, 894, p. 25), to a point a few miles south of Fort Whipple (Coues, 866a, p. 6o), and, along the Colorado River, where it is a winter visitant only, to Fort Mohave. Breeding records appear to be all from points in Upper Sonoran, up to the lower edge of Transition. 42 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 75' . Nuttallornis borealis (Swainson) OLIVE-SIDED ILYCATCHER. Synonym--Contopux borealix. StatusCommon in summer from the Transition zone upward, in the higher mountains north of the Mogollon Plateau; recorded as breeding on the San Fran- cisco, White, and Mogollon mountains. During the migrations it is quite gen- eraliv distributed. 176. Myiochanes perinax pallidiventris (Chapman) .... CouEs ILYC:\TCltER. Synonyms--Contopus pcrtita,v: Contoptts pertinax pallidiz'cntris; t]orizo- pts pertinax pallidiventris. Status--Common summer visitant in the Transition zone of the mountains of southeastern Arizona (Huachuca, Santa Rita, Santa Catalina and White mountains, Mount Graham, etc.), extending northward, in diminishing numbers, to the Mogollo.n Mountains, where it was found breeding at Baker's Butte (Mearns, 189oa, p. 256); casually to Fort \¾hipple: I specimen, August 20, 864 (Coues, I866a, p. 6o). 77. Myiochanes richardsoni richardsoni (Sxvainson). WESTERN ¾OOD PEwEE. Synonyms--Contopux richardson,i; Contop,rs vircns richardsoti; [Iorioptts richardsoni; Contopus vcliei. Status--Common iu summer in Upper Sonoran and Transition throughout the state. During the migrations it is generally distributed.  78. 'E. mpidonax difficilis diflicilis [laird. WESTERN ]½LYC.\TCItER. Synonym--Empidona:r [lavivctris var. di[lcilis. Status--A fairly common summer visitant, mostly in Transition, occurring in all the higher mountain ranges. Abundant and of geueral distribution during the migrations. t 79- V, mpidonax trailli trailli (Audubon). TRAILL iLYCA'I'C It ER. Synonyms--Eipidota.r ptsill,ts; E.tpidoax trailli var. ptsillts. Status--Probably fairly common in summer along most of the wooded streams in the lower valleys, though found actually breeding at but a few points: Tucson, Fort Whipple, San Pedro River, Santa Cruz River. During the migra- tions it is abundant and generally distributed. 18o. V. mpidonax hammondi (Xantus). HAM'tOND 15'LYCATCHER. Status--A nilgrant, abundant and generally distributed throughout the state. It is not kn(xxm tn breed anywhere in Arizona. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 43 8. Empidonax wrighti ]laird. VRIGttT FLYC.\TCIt ER. Synonym--Empidona.  obscltrlts, part. Status--A fairly common migrant, at least in eastern Arizona. no authentic instance of the breeding of this species in the state. i know of 82. Empidonax griseus Brewster. GRAY FLYCATCHER. Synonyms--EnpidoJta.r obscltrtts, part; E,tpidoJia:r wr(htii, part. Status--This species and the last (E. wrightii) have been so hopelessly con- fused in years past that it is impossible to allocate the various citations with ac- curacy, but it is certain tliat E. 'riscts has been many times nientioned under the name of the allied species. Both are reiTrants in Arizona, and both probably oc- cur (E. grfscts certainly) across the breadth of the state. Of neither form, how- ever, is there any undoubted breeding' record for Arizona. E. ,'riscts is prob- ably to be found in winter in the warmer parts of southern Arizona, and along the lower Colorado River. 83: Empidonax fulvifrons pygmaeus Coues. BuFF-BREASTED FLYCATCHER. Synonyms--Empidoa.v p3,gmacts; 14itrcpho;'zs palh'sccs; 31itrcphorts f,tlz.ifrots var. pallescens. Status--A summer visitant, nowhere very cmm]on, but forrod in several of the mountain ranges of southea'tern Arizena. It breeds n,.)stlv at the lower edge of the Transition zone, but is very locally distributed--thus it may be fairly com- mon in one cv. fion, and ahnost unknown in an adjoining one. Has been found breeding in tle Chiricahua, Huacbuca, and Santa Rita mountains, and mi- grating birds have been taken at Forts Apache and Bowie. The subspecies xvas described from a specimen secured by Cones at Fort Whipple, which would seem to be its extreme northern limit. It has so far not been found in the Mogollon Mountains, which lie south of that point, but the fact of its breeding at Inscription Rock, New Mexico--close to the Arizona botmdary (Henshaw, 874, p. 28), points to the probability of its doing so in tile Mogollons. I84. Pyroee10halus rubinus mexicanus Sclater. VERMILION FLY CATCltEI.. Synonyms--Pyroccphahts rtbiiteits ; ?yroccphah.,s jtexicamts. Status--An abundant resident along the wooded streams of southern and western Arizona, locally migratory. but occurring in the xvarmer parts of the re- gion throughout the year. In a general way it may be said to be restricted to the Lower Sonoran zon in the valleys of the Colorado and Gila rivers, and their tributaries. In central Arizona it extends north to Fort Verde (CoMe, I894, p. 218): casually to Fort Whipple (Coues, t865, pp. 63, 538,  specimen); along the Colorado River, to the Big Sandy, Bill Williams River, and Ehrenberg (Stephens, t9o3, p. o2), casually to Fort Mohave (Cooper, I87 o, p. 333; one seen May 24). ]n eastern Arizona does not range north of the Salt River. 44 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 85. Camptostoma imberbe Sclater. BEARDLESS FLYCATCI-IER. Synonym--Ornithion imbcrbc ridgwayi. Status--A rare summer visitant, known to occur in only a limited area in the Santa Cruz Valley, in the vicinity of Tucson. The conditions apparently re- quired bv the species, deuse grovths of tall timber, are met with in Arizona at so very few points, at the low altitudes frequented by the species, that its known range will probably not be greatly extended i the state. 8). 0tocoris alpestris leucolaema (Coues). DESERT HORNED LARK. Synonyms--(?) Otocoris alpestris, part; (?) Ercmophila cormta, part; F, rcmophila alpextris var. chrysolaema, part; Otocorys archicola, part; Otocoris alpcstris areJicola, part; Otocorix alpestris enthymia. Status--Common winter visitant. There are numerous winter records horned larks froin the northern and central portion of Arizona, some of which arc known to pertain to this subspecies, and others that probably do so. 87. 0tocoris alpestris adusta Dwight. SCORCHED HORNED LARK. Synonyms--ErcJJ, ophila alpestris chrysolaema, part; (?) Otocoris alpestrix chrysolaema, part; Otocoris alpestris aphrasta. Status--Common resident on the plains of extreme southeastern Arizona, from the west side of the Santa Rita Mountains (Swarth, 9o5 a, p. 79) east to Fort Bowie (Bendire, 895, p. 345). North to Tucson and Oracle. Other points of record are Fort Huachuca, San Pedro River, Greaterville, Willow Spring, Sulphur Spring, and Wilcox. 88. 0tocoris alpestris pallida Dwight. SONORA HORNED LARK. Synonyms--Otocoris alpcstris areJticola, part; Otocoris alpestris Icucansip- tila. Status--Resident on the desert plains of extreme southvestern Arizona, and probably northward in the Colorado Valley to southern Nevada (cf. Oberholser, 9o2, pp.. 864-866 ). 89. 0tocoris alpestris occidentalis McCall. MONTEZUMA HORNED LARK. Synouyms--Eremophila cornula, part; Eremophila alpeslris chrysoaemt:, part; Otocoris alpestris adtsta, part; Otocoris alpestris arenicola, pat; (?) Otocoris alpestris actia. Status--Breediug, and perhaps resident, in northern and central Arizona, north of the Mogollon Divide, and west to Fort Whipple (Coues, t866a, p. 79). There are b"eedh?g records from San Francisco Mountain, Fort Verde, and the Little Colorado River (Oberholser, 9o2, p. 855). In the Mogollon Mountains it has been found breeding np to o,ooo feet (Mearns, 89oa, p. 256 ). Local- ities at which it has been found at other seasons are Pima County, Wilcox, San Pedro River, and Fort Huachuca. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 45 9o. lica pica laudsonia (Sabine). MAGPIE. Synonyms--Pica hudsonica; Pica caudata vat. hudsonica. Status--Secured by Kennerly (856, p. m) on the Little Colorado River. Recorded by Henshaw (874, p. I23) from the Rio Puerco, at a point sixty miles west of Wingate,. New Mexico, and hence well within the Arizona boundary. Xot otherwise recorded from the state. t9 I. Cyanoeitta stelleri cliademata /Bonaparte). LOrC-CXESED JAY. Synonyms--Cyanocorax stelleri; Cyanocitta macrolopha; Cyamtra nacro- lopha ; Cyanura stelleri vat. macrolopha : Cyanocitla steileri macroIopha. Cyanocit- ta stelie*'i. Status--A common resident of the mountains throuxhout the state from the Transition zone upward. In northern Arizona it ranges west as far as the Grand Cation o the Colorado (Merriam, 89o, p. 39). and the Hualpai Mountains (Stephens, [9o3, p. io2). Phough resident at ifigh altitndes it occasionally wand- ers into the lowlands, far from the mountains, as observed at Sacaton in Novem- ber, i9o, by (i.ilman (I9a , p. 35).  92. Aphelocoma wooclhousei ( Baird). WooDmousE JAy. Synonyms--Cymocorax californica; Cyanocitta cali[ornica ; Cyanocitta wood- hottseii; Cyanocitta [loridana var. woodhousei; .4phelocoma [loridana vat. wood- hotsci. Status--Fairly common resident, mostly in Upper Sonoran, and occurring in favorable localities throughout the state. Has not been observed anywhere in southwestern Arizona, west of Sacaton, nor along the Colorado River below the Grand Cation. I93. Aphelocoma sieberi arizonae (Ridgway). ArezolA JAY. Synonyms--Cyanocitta xord(da ; Cyaoctta ultramarita var. arionae ; tphclocoa sordida aronae. Status--An abundant rcsident of the live oak regions of the mountain ranges of sontheastern Arizona. It has been reported from the Santa Rita, Chiricahua, Santa Catalina, Huachuca, Dragoon, Whetstone, and Rincon mountains, Mount Graham, and from a point thirty miles south of Camp Apache, apparently the northern limit of the species. I94. lerisoreus canadensis capitalis Ridgway. Rocky Mov-'rAIr JAY. Status--Reported only from the White Mountains, where it is apparently a not uncommon resident (Henshaw, I875b, p. 339; Mearns, i89oa, p. 256). 46 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 95. Corvus corax sinuatus Wagler. AMERICAN RAVEN. Synonyms--Corvus corax; Corvts splendens; Corvus cacalotl; Corvus car- zivorus; C'ort$ corax carnizoru,. Status--Apparently to be found throughout the year in nearly all parts of Arizona. It appears to breed mostly in the higher mountains, though it is a com- mon sight to see ravens in summer, probably non-breeding birds, almost anywhere in the lower valleys. 9 6. Corvus cryptoleucus Couch. WfH'r;- CCED R-XVEN. Status--Has been observed only in the extreme southeastern corner of Ari- zona, in Cochise County, and west and north to Oracle, Tucson, and the valley of the Santa Cruz River. It is restricted wholly to the Lower Sonoran zone, and is mainly a summer visitant to the region. Some remain throughout the winter in favorable localities: Wilcox, November (Bailey, 9o3, p. 87); San Pedro River, February (Willard, 9oc, p. o). 97. Corvus brachyrhynchos hesperis Ridgvay. WESrERN CROW. Synonym--Corms americanus. Status--A very uncommon species in most parts of Arizona. I know of but four records for the state; at Fort Apache in November (Henshaw, x875a , p. 6o); in the Santa Catalina Mountains and at Mineral Creek during the migra- tions (Scott, 887, p. 2x); breedinõ commonly in the Mogollon Mountains (Mearns, x89oa, p. 256 ); and uncommon in the vicinity of San Francisco Moun- tain (Merriam, 89 o, p. 94). x 98. Nucifraga cohmbiana (Wilson). CLARKE Nv'rCRXCCE. Synonym--œicicorvts coltmbianus. Status--Recorded 3s breeding in the hiher parts of San Francisco Moun- tain, where it is common (Merriam, 89o, p. 94). Adults seen feedS-g' full- grown young in the Santa Catalina Mountains, May 2t, '9o4 (F. C. Willard,' MS). During the migrations and in winter, it has been noted tt irregular inter- vals at scattered points: Fort Whipple, White Mountains, Huachuca Moun- tains, etc., and even from the desert region at Sacaton, on one occasion, October 7, t9 tø (Gilman, 9ta, p. 35). 99. Cyanocephalus cyanocephalus (Wied). PION J^Y. Synonym--Gyrnnokitta cyanocephala. Status--A resident about Fort Whipple, according to Coues (866a, p. 9t). It has also been reported as breeding in the pition belt of San Francisco Moun- tain (Merriam, 89 o, p. 94), and in the vicinity of Williams (Wetmore, t9o8, p. 380). It is an erratic visitant to other parts of Arizona (Huachuca Moun- tains, Santa Catalina Mountains, Gila River, Keam Cation, etc.). 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 47 200. 1Rolothrus ater obscurus (Gmelin). DWARF COWBIRD. Synonyms--g/folothrts pecoris; 3/o/othru, pecoris var. obxcurus; Molothrs obscurus; Molothrus ater. Status--Found in the greatest abundance in the valleys of the Colorado and Gila rivers, and their tributaries, and up into the foothills of the adjacent moun- tains. Most abundant as a summer visitant, and reported from many localities, north to the Mogollon Mountains (Mearns, i89oa , p. 257), Fort Whipple (Coues, I866a, p. 9o), and Fort Mohave (Mus. Vert. Zool.). Remains through- ont the winter on the lower Colorado River. The only winter record I know of outside of the Colorado Valley is of a single specimen taken by Bendire (I895, P. 44) on Rillito Creek, near Tucson, January 24, I873. 2oi. Tangavius aeneus'aeneus (Waglet). BRONZED COWBIRD, Synonym--7'a,gavi.ts ae,e,ts ivolcratus. Statns--An occasional summer visitant in the hot valleys of extreme south- ern Arizona. Seen in the vicinity of Tucson during the summer of 9o9, from April to September (Visher, 9o9, p. 307; 9IO, p. 2IO); and at Sacaton, also in the summer of I9O 9 (Gilman, I9IO , p. 46). 202. Xanhoeephalus xanhoeephalus (Bonaparte). YELLOW-HEADED i}L,XCKB1RD. Synonyms--l gelaitts xathocephals ; Xanthoccphalts ictcroccphalus ; Xa;t- thoccphalus longipes. Status--Reported as breeding in the Mogollon Mountains (Mearns, I89oa, p. 257 ) and at Fort Whipple (Coues, I866a, p. 9I). it winters commonly south of the Gila River (Tucson, Fort 1fuachuca, etc.), and along the Colorado River from Fort Mohave southward. 203. Agelaius phoeniceus sonoriensis Ridsway. SONORA RED-WINGED BLACKBIRD. Synonyms--Ag'elaius gtbcrnator, part; lgclaits phocniccts, part; lgclaius phocicets lotgirostris. Status--A common resident in the valley o[ the Colorado River, at least. Its manner of occurrence in other parts of Arizona has yet to be determined. 204. Agelaius phoeniceus fortis Ridgvay. NORTHERN RED-WINGED BLACKBIRD. Status--According to Ridsway (9o2, p. 339) this subspecies occurs dur- ing the migrations as far south as "Arizona (Fort Verde, December, February: Big Chino Valley, March)." 205. Agelaius phoeniceus neutralis Ridsway. SAN DIEGO RED-¾INGED BLACKBIRD. Synonyms--(?) zIgclaius phocmcctx, part; (?) 4gclaits g'bcrtator part; ztgelaius phoenicets sonoriensis, part. 48 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 Status--The status of the red-vinged blackbirds of Arizona is. as yet unset- tled. The type of .4. p. sonoricnsis came from Fort Grant, in southeastern Ari- zona,* but breeding birds examined from the San Pedro River, in the same gen- eral region, are .4. p. neutralis. It may be that one form (sonoriensis) breeds along the Colorado River and the lower Gila, these river valleys being the only portion of the Lower Sonoran zone which is adapted to the species; and that the other (neutralis)occupies the higher Upper Sonoran zone in northern and east- ern Arizona. At any rate some form of the red-winged blackbird breeds in suit- able localities throughout the state. Alcng the Colorado River, and in the val- leys of southern Arizona, they are to be found the year through; in the winter months the several varieties possibly occur together in the same places. 2o6. Sturnella magna hoopesi Stone. 'IEXAS MEADOWLARK. Synonym--Stur.lclla uag'ta mcxicana. Status--Known to occur along the United States-Mexican boundary line, at least in eastern Arizona, specimens having been taken at Camp Crittenden, Fort Huachuca and Calabasas; also reported from the vicinity of Williams, in the northern part 6f the state (Wetmore, x9o8, p. 38). 207. Sturnella neglecta Audubon. WESTERN MEADOWLARK. Synonym--Sturnella magna neglecta. Status--Resident throughout the state, but irregularly and locally 'dis- tributed, and, for the most part, not very common. In the Mogollon Mountains, ranges up to o,ooo feet (Mearns, 89oa , p. 257 ). In southern Arizona occurs in the Lower Sonoran valleys only. 208. Icterus parisorum Bonaparte. SCOTT ORIOLE. Status--An abundant migrant and fairly common summer visitant in parts of southeastern and central Arizona. It is distinctly a bird of the Upper Sonoran zone, known to breed in southern Arizona, in the foothill regions of the Hua- chuca, Santa Rita, Santa Catalina, Rincon, Quijotoa and Whetstone mountains; doubtless it is to be found in other ranges in the same general region which have not been reported upon. Has also been found in summer at Oracle (Rhoads, r892 , p. 2o) and at Beale Spring in western Arizona (Stephens, I9O3, p. xo2). Has not been found in southwestern Arizona, nor at any point along the Colorado River, except for one bird doubtfully identified at Fort Mohave (Cooper, I87O, p. 276). * According to the A. O. U. Check..List, 1910 ed., !a. 233. Ridgway (Birds ortk and Middle America, II, 1902, !a. 337) gives it as Mazatlan, western Mexico. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 49 209. Icterus cucullatus nelsoni Ridgway. ARIZONA HOODED ORIOI.E. Synonym--Ictcrus cucullatus. Status--Common summer visitant of the Lower Sonoran zone in southern . Arizona, ranging north to Fort Grant in the east (Cones, i868, p. 84), and to the Big Sandy and Bill Will/ams River, in the western parts of the state (Stephens, i9o3, p. o3). Found breeding near Pilot Knob, on the .California side of the Colorado River 'Mus. Vert. Zool.). 2io. Icterus bullocki (Swainson). BULLOCK ORIOLE. Status--Summer visitant. found in suitable localities throughout the state. In sothern Arizona its range overlaps that of I. c. uelsoni, bnt it is much less abundant than that species. Points of record are all m the Upper aid Lower Sonoran zones: it bas not been found in the high central plateau region. Breeds commonly along the Colorado River, at least as far up as The Needles (Mus. Vert. Zool.). 21. Euphagus cyanocephalus (Wagler). BREWER BLACKBIRD. Synonyms--Scolccophaxus fcrru,'iues : q, colccophagus cyanocephalus. Status--An abundant migrant and winter visitant throughout southern Arizona. There are but few definite breeding records for any part of the state. It is known to lreed commonly in the Mogollon and San Francisco inountains (Mearns, 189oa. p. 257 ) . and Cones (866a, p. 9 ø ) speaks of it as a summer resident at Fort Whipple. Otherwise it bas been observed in all parts of Ari- zona as a transient or as a winter visitant. 212. Hesperiphona vespertina montana Ridgway. WESTERN EVENIN(; OROSBEAK. Synonyms--blcxperiphona vcspc?tiza: Coccolhrauxtcs vcspcrtita: Cocco- ß thraustcs vespertins montana. Status--Breeds in the high mountains of central Arizona: San Francisco Mountain (Merriam, i89 o, p. 95), White Mountains (Swinburne, 888a, p. I3), Mogollon Mountains (Mearns, 89oa, ' p. 246): occasionally in some of the rang'es farther south: Santa Catalina and Huachuca mountains (\Viilard, 91oa, p. 6o). During- the migrations and in winter it ia reported from various scat- tercd localities: Huachuca Mountains, Santa Catalina Mountains, Fort Verde, and Fort Apache. 23. Carpodaeus purpureus ealifornieus Baird. CA1AFORNIA PURPI,E FINCH. Status--The only Arizona record is that of Scott (887, p. r96), who found the species abu.nd:mt in the Santa Catalina Monntains from November. 885, to February, I886. 50 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 214. Carpoclacus cassini Baird. CASStN PURPLE FINCH. Synonyms--Carpodacus ptrptrets; Carpodac,ts pileatus. Status--Reported as a resident in the pine belt of the Mogollon Mountains (Mearns, 189oa. p. 258 ). During the migrations and in xvinter it is quite gen- erally distributed: Fort Whipple (Coues, I866a, p. 8o); Pueblo Creek and Aztec Mountains, January (Kennerly, I859, p. 27); Bill Williams Mountain. March (Wetmore, 19o8, p. 381). In southern Arizona as a winter visitant only, seldom descending into the low valleys, but common in the higher mountains: Santa Catalina Mountains and Tucson (Scott, 887, p. I97); Dragoon Moun- tains (Osgood, 19o3, p. 13T); Hnachuca Mountains (Swarth, I9o8, p. 13). 2t5. Carpodacus mexicanus frontalis (Say). House FNCH. Synonyms--Fringilla frontalis; Carpodacus familiaris; Carpodacus califor- nicts; ('arpodacts cassini., part: Carpodac,tts m'xicantts obstetrics; ('rtrpoda.cs froztalis. Status--Fairly common resident throughout the state, though locally nil- gratory. Breeds below Transition; restricted to the warmer valleys in winter. Occurs nowhere in Arizona in such large numbers as are seen on the Pacific coast of ,California. 2t6. Loxia curvirostra stricklancli Ridgway. ,EXICAN CROSSBILL. Synonyms--Curvirostra americana; Loxia ctrvirostra var. aericata; Loxia cr,4rostra mexicana. Status--Breeds from the Transition zoue upwards in the mountains of the high plateau region: Williams, breeding (Wetmore, 9o8, p. 382); Mogollon Mountains (Mearns, 89oa, p. 258); possibly in some of the more southern ranges also. Noted at various scattered points (usually at high altitudes) during the migrations, and in the winter: San Francisco Mountain, Grand Cation, Mount Graham, Huachuca, Santa Catalina and Chiricahua mountains. 217. lasser lomesticus (Liunaeus). ENGLISH SPARROW. Status--Common at the present time in most of the larger towns and along' the railroads. The species reached Tucson in 0o3, and Tombstone in 19o 4 (Howard, 19o6, p. 67). Also recorded from Benson, Flagstaff, Williams, Phoe- nix and Mellen. 218. Astragalinus tristis' pallidus (Mearns). PALE CJOLDFINCI:t. Synonyms--Chrysomitris tristis ; 5'pinus tristis ; 5'pinus tristis pallidus. Status--From the paucity of records this is evidently a rare species in Arizona. Henshaw (875a, p. I58) cities Bendire as having observed it at Tuc- son; Scott (t887, p. 197) secured six specimens in the Santa Catalina Moun- tains in December, i885, and February, 1886; and Mearns (I89oa, p. 244) found it, apparently abundant, at Fort Verde in winter and spring. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 51 219. Astragalinus psaltria hesperophflus Oberholser. GREEN-BACKED GOLDFINCII. Synonyms--Chrysomitris psaltria; Chrysomitris mexicana; Chrysomitris me.*'icanus var. arixonae; Chrysomitris psaltria var. arizonae; .4stragalims psaltria arionae; .4stragalinus psaltria; ;pimts psaltria; Spinus psaltria ari- xolgae. Status--Occurs below Transition throughout the state. In northern Ari- zona it is a summer visitant only, as is the case in the mountain ranges of the south as well. In the lower valleys of southern Arizona it occurs irregularly throughout the year. Noted as a common resident, and found breeding, along the Colorado River, between Needles and Yuma (Mus. Vert. Zool.). 22o. Astragalinus lawrencei (Cassin). LAWRENCE GOLDFINCH. Synonyms--Chrysoitris lawrencci; ,pinus lawrccci. Status--Winter visitant, probably regularly, though in snmll numbers, to. the Colorado Valley; of rare and irregular occurrence elsewhere. Coues (1866a, p. 83) noted it at Fort Whipple, and Cooper (87o, p. 17 ) at Fort Mohave (luring the winter months. Its observation on the Colorado River at Riverside Mountain. March 17, 191o (Mus. Vert. Zool.), although on the California side of the stream, is con- firmatory of its probably regtdar occurrence in this region in winter. Scott (1887, p. 199 ) recorded a specimen taken by Herbert Brown at Tucson, Febru- ary 28, 1886, and Price (1899, p. 92) reported it from the vicinity of Yuma in December. These are the only records. 221. Spinus pinus (Wilson). PNE SLSK12,'.. Synonym--Chr3soJ,fftri. pinus. Status--Comnlon resident in the high mountains of the plateau region: San Francisco Mountain, breeding (Merriam, 89 o, p. 95); Mogollon Mountains, resident (Mearns, 189oa, p. 258); breeding at least as far south as Mount Gra- ham (Henshaw, 1875a, p. 158 ). Common in winter in the higher ra. nges of southern Arizona: Chiricahna, Santa Catalina and I-Iuachuca mountains; and of occasional occurrence in the valleys during the migratiou: San Pedro River, April (Swarth, 19o4b, p. 37). 222. Calcarius ornatus (Townsend). CttESTN uT-COLLARED LONGSPUR. Synonyms--Plectrophanes elanomus; Plcctrophaes ornatts. Status--Abundant migrant, and. less commonly. a winter visitant in extreme eastern Arizona, reported from St. Johns, Fort Grant, Fort Huachuca, Fort Bowie, Sulphur Spring Valley, etc.; occasionally strag'gling farther westward: Santa Catalina Mountains, November 1, I885; Fort Whipple, I specimen, Oc- tober 17, 1864: Sacaton, October 25, I9O9. 52 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 16 223. 11hynchophanes mccowni (Lawrence). {cCO\VN LONGSPUR. Synonym--?lectrophane.; maccowzii. Status--.-Occm's in the same manner as Calcarius omatus, and over practi- cally the same territory in eastern Arizona. It is more irregular in its appear- ance and nsually not as alcundant as the Chestnut-collared Longspnr. Reported from Fort Bowie, Fort Apache, St. Johns, Sulphnr Spring Valley, Fort Huachnca, and Fort Lowell. 224. 1%oeeetes gramineus confinis Baird. WESTERN VESPER SPARROW. Synonyms--Zortotrichia e';amiwa; Pooccetes ramincus. Status--The only breeding records are from the Mogollon and San Francisco mountains (Mearns, 89oa, p. 259), and Fort Whipple (Cones, 866a, p. 84). It is exceedingly abundant in winter and during the migrations, throughout southern Arizona and along the valley of the Colorado River. 225. ?assereuhs sandwiehensis alaudinus Bonaparte. WESTERN SAVANNAII SPARROW. Synonyms--Pa.ssercdus sa''ana,' ]2asscrctlit3' alaudirtus, part; dram.s sadwichess alatdimts. Statns--A migrant and winter visitant in the valleys o,f southern Arizona and alon the Colorado River. There are but few records of the occnrrence of the species, and it does not appear to have been found anywhere in abundance. 220. Passerculus sandwichensis nevadensis Grinnell. NVADA SAVANNAH SPARROW. Synonym--t2asscrcthts alatdims, part. Statns--The record by Cones (866a, p. 84) of the occurrence of a Savannah sparrow as a common summer visitant at Fort Whipple probably pertains to this subspecies. Three specimens taken on the Colorado River, two near the mouth 11ill Williams River, March 3, and one five miles north of Laguna, April 22, 9o (Mus. Vert. Zool.). 227. Passerculus rostratus rostratus (Cassin). LARGE-BILI-ED SPARROW. Statns--"Casnal in Arizona" (A. O. U. Check-List, 9o, p. 255 ) . This record wax based on a spechnen taken August rS, 9 o2, at Ymna, by l{erb?rt Brown, and sent to the Biological Survey for identification, accordin K to in- formation received by me from Mr. W. W. Cooke. 228. Ammodramus bairdi (Andubon'. B^mD SPARROW. Synonyms--Cctro3w bairdi: Passcrctthts bairdi Cotztrnictd,ts bairdi. Status--Common migrant on the open grassy plains of the extreme sonth- eastern corner of the state, reported from Camp Grant, Camp Crittenden, and the vicinity of the Huachuca Mountains. A few probably remain through the winter in favorable localities. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 53 229. 3.mmodramus savannarum bimaculatus Swainson. WESTERN GR.XSSnOPp SPxiROW. Synonyms--.4tmodramus pass'rimts,' Cotttricztlus passerlints ; Coturi- cthts passerlints vat. perpallidus; /,t.,lodra,tts sa'r'aartiz perpallidus; StatusRcported only from western and southern Arizona. Probably breeds in parts of southern Arizona, at least, as Henshaxv (875b , p. 257 ) se- cured very young birds in the Sonoita Valley, at the southeastern base of the Santa Rita Mountains: xvhile there is a specimen recorded as taken at Los Xogales in June (Baird, 859, p. I5). it has heen taken at Bill Williams River in February (Kennerly, t859, p. 28), aud in the Santa Catalina Mountains iu Jannary (Scott, 887, p. 99). 230. Chondestes grammacus strigatus Swainson. WES'['ERN LARK SpAnnow. Synonym--Chondestcs grammaca. Status--Common summer visitant in suitable localities throughout Arizona. Breeding' records are from points in Lower and U;pper Sonoran, tip to the lower edge of Transition; Santa Catalina Mountains up to 5000 feet (Scott, I887, p. t99 ); Mogollon and San Frffncisco mountains, summer resident (Mearns, 89oa, p. 259); Huachuca Mountains, summer visitant (Swarth, 9.o4b, p. 39); etc. Locally migratory; during the winter months restricted mainly to the warmer valleys of the southern and western parts of the state: San Pedro River, Fbru- ary (Willard, I9IOC, p. IO): Tucson, resident (Scott, 1. c.); Ymna, December (Price, I899, p. 92). 23t. Zonotrichia leucophrys leucophrys (Forster). WHITE-CROWNED SPARROW. Status--A common migrant throughout Arizona, usually in company xvith Zootrichkt l. gtmbeli. Possibly a few remain through the winter in parts of southern Arizona, though there is no. authentic instance on record. Mearns (t89.oa, p. 259 ) found the species at the base of San Francisco Mountain in June, "apparently breeding". It has not otherwise been found in the stowruer. Noted as a transient in the Colorado Valley between Needles and Ymna (Mus. Vert. Zool.). 232. Zonotrichia leucophrys gambeli (Nuttall). INTERMEDIATE SI'ARRO\¾. Synonyms--Zonotrichia letcophrys, part; Zo,totrichia gambclii ; Zonotrichia lctcophrys intermedia; Zototrichia intermedia. Status--Abundant migrant throughout the state. \Vintcr records are all froin points south and west of the Mogollon Divide; Colorado River Valley froin Fort Mohave southward, Fort Vrhipple, San Pedro River, etc., where it is com- mon during the winter months. PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 233. Spizella raonticola ochracea Brewster. ¾VESTEmx TR;; SPXRROW. Synonyms--Spi,:clla cmmdcusis; 3'pi'ella uouticola. Status--Kennerly (i859, p. 29) found this species in December on the Little Colorado River, while Henshaw (i875 a, p. i59 ) reported it, on the authority of Bendire, as of occasional occurrence in winter in the vicinity of Tucson. These are the only records for the state. 234. Spizella passerina arizonae Coues. WESTERN CHIPPING SPARROlL Synonyms--3'pi,,clla socialis ; Xpiclla socialis arirouac. Status--Common summer visitant in parts of central Arizona. Found breeding at Fort Whipple (Coues, I866a, p. 87), and on the Mogollon and San Francisco mountains (Mearns, 89oa, p. 259 ) . In southern Arizona it is a very abundant migrant, and in the warmer valleys a winter visitant also. Ob- served in some numbers along the Colorado River, from The Needles southward in February, March, and April: seen at Potholes. May , under conditions pos- qbiy indicative o.f breeding (Mus. Vert. Zool.). Two specimens taken by Cooper at Fort Mohave, December 24, JSfio (in Mus. Vert. Zool.). 235. Spizella pallida (Swainson). CLAY~COLORED SPARRO{V. Synonym--Xpirella pusio. Status--Henshaw (875b, p. 278 ) secured specimens at Camp Crittenden in September; and Scott (887, p. 2o0) met with the species at Mineral Creek in March, October, and November. These seem to be the only Arizona records. It is highly probahle that Cooper's (86, p. I22) reference to 5'pi:clla pal;ida as common in April in the vicinity of Fort Mohave, really pertains to X. brcweri. 236. Spi.ella breweri Cassin. BREWER SPARROW. Synonyms--5*pi, ella pallida, part: 5'pi,ella pallida vat. breweri. Status--Reported as breeding' at Fort Whipple (Coues, 866a, p. 87), and in the Huachnca Mountains (Willard. i9o8b. p. 2o6), and as probably breeding' on the Desert of the Little Colorado (Merriam, 89o, p. 96). In the northern and central parts of the state it is a summer visitant only, but in the lowlands of southern Arizona it remains in mmbers throughout the whiter. as is also the case along the Colorado River from The Needles southward (Mns. Vert. Zool.). 237. Spizella atrogularis (Cabanis). BLACK-CHINNED SPARROW. Synonym--3'piclla ewtra. Status-There are but few records of the occurrence of this species in Ari- zona. Found at Fort Whipple as a rare summer visitant but common migrant (Coues, 866a, p. 87); specimens secured at Mineral Creek in October, and in the Santa Catalina Mountains in February (Scott, 887, p. 200); found breeding in the Hualpai Mountains at 6000 feet (Stephens, 9o3, p. io3); and noted on one occasion in the Huachuca Mountains in April (Swarth, 9o4b, p. 4o). 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 55 238. Junco hyemalis hyemalis (Linnaeus). SLATE'-COLORED J UNCO. Status--Has been reported in winter from many scattered points: Fort Whipple, Fort Mohave, Santa Catalina Mountaius, 7Huachuca Mountains, Wil- l/ams, etc. Never at all common, but usually found in flocks composed of the various species of juncos wintering in the region. 239. Junto mortfauns Ridgway. Mo,xx Juco. SynonymJunco hyemalis montamts. Status"In winter south to Arizona (Tucson)" (Ridgway, , p. 290). I know of no other record. 24o. Jueo oreganus thurbeh Anthouy. StRR,X Juco. SynonymsJunco oregoms, part: Jtnco h3'ctal[x thttrbcri. StatusAs this species has been found in abundance in winter in the Huachua Mountains, of extreme southeastern Arizona (Swarth, 4b, p. 4 o) it will doubtless prove to be a common winter visitant in all suitable places west of that point. There is record of a specimen from Fort Whipple (Rdgway, r, p. 288). There is a specimen in the Museum o.f Vertebrate Zoology (no. 443) takeu by J. G. Cooper at Fort Mohave, December 24, 186o. 24. Junco oreganus shufeldfi Coale. SnuVLm' Juco. SynonymsStrztths orcg'omts; Junto Ol'Cg'0tlllS, part; Jltllco hycmaIis o;'c- .olllts; Jut,co conncctens; Junco h3'cJJalis concctens. StatusA common winter visitant reported from all parts of Arizona, hut generally favoring the mountains and the foothill regions, rather than the more open valleys. Nearly all of the numerous records of Jltlco ol'cgolit;s in Arizona are considered by Ridgway (9o, p. 285) to pertain to this subspecies. 242. Junco mearnsi Ridgway. PK-SIDD Juco. SynonymsJltJco an..cctc's; Jtt,,co ridg'wayi, part; Jttttco hyctalis Jzeart,s[. StatusA common winter visitant in northern and eastern Arizona, re- ported from the following localities: Fort Whipple, Prescott, Williams, Santa Catalina Mountains, Huachuca Mountains, and Sulphur Spring Valley. ' 243. Junco eanieeps (Woodhouse). GRAY-flEADED JUNCO. SynonymsS*truthtts caniceps, part: J,.ttco cicrcttx cacticops: Jtttco rid.k - wayi, part; Jtnco phacootzts caniceps. StatusA common winter visitant in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones at least as far north as Fort Whipple. Reported from numerous locali- ties: Fort Whipple, Williams, and the Chiricahua, Santa Catalina, Huachuca. Dragoon and Whetstone mountains. ,56 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 244. Junco phaeonotus palliatus Ridgway. ARiZONa\ jUNtO. Synonyms--Juuco ciucrcus,' Juuco ciucrcus palliahis. Status--Commou resident of the Transition zone of eastern Arizona, from Monnt Graham southward. Reported from the Graham, Santa Catalina, Santa Rita, ('hiricahua, l'inal, l luachuca, and \'Vbetstone motretains. It is strictly a resident in the higher mountains, there being apparently not even a local migra- tion downward into the valleys during the winter months. 245. Junco phaeonotus dorsalis Henry. R,D-mXc K;o JuNco. Synonyms--3¾rttthux caiccps, part ; .luuco chwrcus dorsalis : Juuco dorsa!is. Status--Resident in the high mountains of northeastern Arizona, reported from San Francisco Mountain, Grand Cation of the Colorado, \Vhite Mountains, and Mogollon Mountains. 246. Amphispiza bilineata deserticoN Ridgway. DESERT SPARROW. Synonyms--?oospiza biliucata,' A,mphispiza bili,eata. Status--Common sramher resident in the arid Lower Sonoran plains, of southern and western Arizona, north to Forts Verde, Whipple, and Mobave; also reported in summer from the Desert of the Little Colorado and Keam Cation, in northeastern Arizona. Remains through the winter in some of the warmer southern valleys. 247. Amphispiza nevadensis nevadensis (Ridgxvay). S,xc: SP.RROXV. Synonyms--?ooxp(z'a belli,' ?oospi:a bclli, vat. ucz'adcusis; Amphispiza belli ncvadosis: Amphispi:a bclli cO,orca. Status--A fairly common winter visitant, reported from various parts of the state: Little Colorado River, December (Kennerly, 859,' p. 29): Fort ¾Vhipple (Coues, 866a, p. 86); San Pedro River and Tucson, December (Scott, 887, p. 2o3); Fort Huachuca, \vinter (Fisher, [9o4, p. 80). Price's (][899, p. 93) record of ./lu,phispizo bell/ c9erea? at Yuma in midwinter also probably pertains to this species. As young in the spotted plumage were taken at Flagstaff, on the Desert of the Little Colorado, and at the Grand Cation of the Colorado Merriam, ][89 ¸, p. 96), the species may breed in this general region. 248. Peucaea botterii (Sclater). BOTTERI SPARROW. SynonymsPcucaca cassinii, part: ?cucaea aesth'alis vat. ar,,zonae ; ?eu.caea ori7onaC. Status--Found only in the Lover Sonoran valleys of southeastern Arizona; reported north to Camp Grant (Henshaw, ][874, P- I8), west to the valley of the Santa Cruz River (Stephens, 885, p. 226). Possibly resident, but all the records thus far published are of observations made during the summer months. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 57 249. leucaea cassini (\Voodhousc). C.\SSN St' \RR()\\'. Synonym--Zo,otrichir crssii. Status- Locally.abundant durin the smnmcr in the Lower Sonoran valleys ;f ,outheastern Arizona, recorded from over practically the same area as that ½)ccnpied by l>ctcaca bottcrii. Ranges north to F(rt Grant (Henshaw, 875b. p. 285). xvet as far as the Santa Cruz Valley (Stephens, 885, p. 225). 1 know of no instance of its lmving been forrod actually breedln, thongh taken throtghout the summer, nor do [ know of any midwinter record. 250. Aimopkila earpalis (Coues). .. RUFOUS-\VINGEI) SI'.\RRO\V. Synonym--œetcaca carpaJis. Status--Found only in southeastern Arizopa. where it has been rel)orted from Tucson. Fort Lowell, the foothills of the Santa Catalina Mountains (up to 450o feet), and the Santa Cruz Valley. Probably resident, as specimens have been taken in January as well as in n?idsummcr. 25. g_imophila ruficeps scotti (Sennctt). S c o'1"1' I'\RRO\V. Synonyms--Pcttcaca rt/ccps bom'ard': Pctcaca ho,ochlamys,' Pc,cac( r,{iccps scotti. Status--Comnon resident of the Upper Sonoran foothills of southeastern Arizona. Occurs in all the ranges south of Camp Apache (lienshaw, t875b, I)- 289), and west of the Santa Cruz River: Santa Catalina, Santa Rita, Cbiricahua, l luachuca mountains, etc. }las also. bccn forrod iu the Grand Cation of the Col()- rado, below 4o0o feet. and o the Desert of the Little Colorado (Merriam, i89o , pp. 40. 97), in extreme northern Arizona. 252. Melospiza melodia saltonis Grinnell. DESERT SONG SPARROW. Synonyms--Zonotrichia flla.'; g'lclospi.z'a falla.r ; .lgclospi.za melodia; gJcl;- sfii.,a fasciata falla.r; illclospiza cicrca falla.r,' .llclospi.za mclodia falla.r. Status--Common resident of the Lower Sonoran river valleys. Occurs along the Colorado Rive' for nearly its entire extent in the state, being reported from below Yuma and as far up the river as Moencopie in northeastern Arizona (Merriam, 89 o. I). 97)- Occnrs in suitable localities (which are not numerous) in southern Arizona, along the valley of the Gila River and its tributaries (Santa Cruz River, San Pedro River, etc.). I know of no song sparrow records from the high i)lateau region. of central Arizona. 253. lVIelospiza melodia fallax (Baird). MOUNTMN SONG SPARROW. Synonyms--l'lciospi,:a ,clodia vat. hccrmai ; 2¾/clospiza fasciata totana; 3Iclospi:'a elodia uontana. 58 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 Status--A fairly .common winter visitant or transient. Specimens have been taken as follows: San Pedro River and Tucson, winter (Scott, 1887, p. 204); Sulphur Spring Valley, March (Osgood, I9o3, p. T49); San Francisco Mountaiu, August (Merriam, 89 o, p. 97): aud Colorado River at Needles, mouth of Bill Williams River, and Riverside Mountain, February and Mai'ch, 91o (Mus. Vert. Zool.). Probably a migrant in uorthern Arizona, and a winter visitant along the loxver Colorado River, and in the southern valleys. 254. Melospiza melodia merrilli Brewster. M,RmUL SoNc Sp^ow. Status--Recorded from Apache, Arizona, in winter (Ridgway, I9O, p. 36). 255. elospiza lineolni lineolni (Audubon). LINCOLN SPARROX¾. Synonym--Petcaea Ibtcoh,ti. Status--Of fairly common occurrence as a migrant in suitable places; gener- ally distributed and reported from many scattered localities. Probably remains in the valley of the lower Colorado River throughout the winter, though there is no definite data establishing this as a fact. Possibly a winter visitant in other parts of southern Arizona also. Found on the Bill Williams River in February (Kennerly, 859, p. 29). 256. lasserella iliaca schitacea Baird. SLA'PE-COLORED Fox SPARROXV. Synonym--Passcrclla towtse,tdi schistacea. Status--A rare migrant and winter visitant. There are published records of but four specimens from Arizona: one from a point forty miles south of Camp Apache, September I, 1873 (Henshaw, 875b, p. 293 ); one from Tucson, Febru- ary, I88o (Brewster, 882, p. 197); one from San Francisco. Mountain, Sep- tember 29, I889 (Merriam, 89o, p. 97): and one from the Huachuca Mountains. November 20, i894 (Fisher, 9o4, p. 8). 257. ?ipilo maeula'ms toouranus Swarth. MouqT,N Town 31;. Synonyms--?ipilo arcriva: PiSilo eryhro?hlhaI,,,ts: Pipil( orcgolttts; Pipilo mealo3,x; Pipilo maclI:t;s mega!ony.v. Status-Common resident of the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones in northern and eastern Arizona. Its westernmost litnits ndght be indicated by a line drawn from the Santa Rita and Santa Catalina mountains iu the southeast, to the Hualpai Mountaing in the northwest. Apparently strictly resident where found, there being uo migratory movement into the lowlands in winter. There are no records from the valley of the lower Colorado River. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA ' 59 258. :Pipilo maculatus curtatus Grinnell. NEVADA TOWHEE. Status--Rather uncommon winter visitant along the lower Colorado River: specimens taken between Needles and Ehrenberg, in February and March, t9o (Mus. Vert. Zool.), and one at Fort Yuma January 23, t9 3 (collection of A. B. Howell). The capture of these specimens constitutes the only records know of regarding the occurrence of any form of Pipilo maculalus in the lower Colorado Valley (see Grinnell, 9, p. 309). 259. :Pipilo fuscus mesoleucus Baird. CAtiON TownE:,. Synonym--Pipilo mcxoleucux. Status--Common resident iu the Upper Sonoran zone, and in Lower Sonoran also in parts of southern Arizona. All of the pnblished records are from points south and east of the Mogollon divide; but the species is absent frem the exceed- ingly arid southwestern corner of Arizona, and thus seems to occupy a belt ex- tending across the state from Fort Mohave in the northwest (Fisher, 893b , p. m5), south to the extreme southeastern corner. Cones' (t866c, p. 262) record of the occurrence of the species on the lower Colorado River lacks confirmation. Zonally it occupies a intermediate region between Pipilo m. montams and P. aberti, at places ascending' or descending slightly into the habitats of those species In no one spot, however, are all three to be found. 260. ?ipilo aberti Baird. ABERT TOWHEE. Status--Common resident of the valley of the Colorado River, and its tribu- taries in western and southern Arizona. Abnndant in the Lower Sonoran river valleys of the south (Gila, Santa Crnz, San Pedro, etc.) extending as far north as Fort Grant (Coues, x868, p. 84) and Fort Whipple (Coale, x894 , p. 28). Along the Colorado it has been found to the extreme northwestern corner of the state: confluence of the Beaverdam and \;irgin rivers (Fisher, x893b , p. xo5) , bnt no farther to the eastward. 26x. 0reospiza chlorura (Audubon). GREEN-TA1 LED TOWHEr. ß Synonyms---Fringilla blandingiaua; Zonotrichia blaudingiana; Pipilo ohiot- ufa; tlapetcx chloruru$. Status--A common migrant, occurring indifferently on Boreal mountain tops or on the arid, semi-desert plains. Reported in winter from the Colorade Valley (Cooper, 87o , p. 248), and as an occasional winter visitant in the Santa Catalina Mountains in extreme southern Arizona (Scott, 887, p. 204). Speci- mens in the collection of F. S. Daggett taken at Fort Ix)well in October, No- vember, December and Jamary. 60 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 262. Cardinalis cardinalis superbus Ridgway. ..RIZONA CARDINAL. Synonyms--Cardinalis z'irgiiamts; Cardialis igncus; Cardialis virginianus igc,s ; Cardiana!is stperbts. Status--Fairly abundant in the valleys of extreme southeastern Arizona, where it is probably resident throughout the year. One specimen in the coilec- tion of F. S. Daggett, no. 6475, male, Tucson, January o, 9o8. There is record of one from the "Colorado River, Arizona", November 3 ø , 87 t (Ridgway, 885c, P. 344). Aside from this it is reported only from localities in the valleys of the Santa Cruz and San Pedro rivers. 263. Pyrrhuloxia sinuata sinuata (Bonaparte). ARIZONA PYRRHULOXIA. SynonymPyrrhtlo.ria sirerata beckhami. Status--Resident in the Lover Sonoran valleys of southern Arizona. Com- mon in the vicinity of Tucson; also reported from Fort Grant, Yuma, Quijotoa, and the San Pedro and Santa Cruz rivers. 264. Zameloclia lucloviciana (Linnaeus). RoSE-BREASTED GROSBEAK. Status--Only one record, that of an adult male taken by R. D. Lusk in the Iq,uachuca Mountains, June 29, $94 (Svarth, 9o4 b, p. 44). The specimen is now in the Swarth collection. 265. Zamelodis melanocephala melanocephala (Swainson). BLACK-HEADED GROSBEAK. Synonyms--Gtiraca jzclanocephala; Goniaphea melanocephala; Hcdy- me!es mela.nocephahts ; Habia meiazocephala. Status--Breeds commonly in the Transition zone of the higher mountains throughout the state; and during the migrations it is of general occurrence else- where as well. There is no authenticated instance of its occurrence through the winter months. 266. Guiraca caerulea lazula (Lesson). WESTERN BLUE GROSBEAK. Synonyms--Guiraca cacr.tlea ; Goniaphea coertlca ; Gtiraca cacrulea cttrhyzcha. Status--Restricted almost entirely to the hot Lover Sonoran river valleys. A common summer visitant along the San Pedro and Santa Cruz rivers, and about Tucson. The various records from the Colorado River are none of them of birds actually found breeding, though there can be little doubt but that they do so: Fort Mohave, May; Yuma, May; confluence of Beaverdam and Virgin rivers, May; Big Sandy River, July. In central Arizona it extends north to Fort Apache and Fort Grant (Henshaw, i875 b, p. 298 ) and to Fort Whipple (Coues, 866a, p. 88). 1914 - BIRDS OF ARIZONA 61 267. ?asserina amoena (Say). LAzULI BUNTING. Synonyms--Spiza aJoena ; Cyanospia arnocm,.. Status--Of abundant occurrence as a migrant. and quite generally distribut- ed, thongh i know of no records of its occurrence in northeastern Arizona. [)rob- ably breeds, though definite data is lacking. Coues (866a, p. 89) reports it as :m uncommon summer visitant at Fort Whipple, and Scott (I887, p. 205) state:; that it has been found breeding near Tucson. In neither case is more detailed in- format/on given. 208. ?asserina versicolor pulchra Ridgway. BEAUTIFUL BUNTING. Synonym--Paxxcrhm versicolor. Status--An adult female taken by F. Stephens at Crittenden, near the Santa Rita Mountains..|uly 14, .884 (Brewster, i885b, p. i98 ). Not othe:wise knoun to occur in Arizona. 269. ?asserina ciris (Linnaeus). PAINTED BUNTING. Synonym--Cyaoxpiza ciris. Status--Of occasional occurrence in extreme southeastern Arizona in late smmer an( during the fall migration. tenslmw (I875 b, p. 3o) reported it as present in considerable numbers at Fort Boxvie and Fort Crittenden in Anguqt and September, 874. One specimen taken in the Huachuca Mountains, July I2, 9o2 (Swarth, I9o4b, p. 46). There are three specimens in the Museum of Ver-- tebrate Zoologs' taken at Fort Hmchuca on August 29 and September 12 and I3, 884, respectively. 270. Spiza americana (Gmelin). DICKCISSEL. Sy]onymtspiza americana. Status--Only known to occur in Arizona as observed by Henshaw (I875b, p. 295 ), xvho found it in small numbers and secured specimens on the San Pedro River, at Fort Crittenden and at Fort Lowell, in August and September, 873 and 874; and from a specimen taken by Brown at Tucson, September r i, 1884 (Scott, I887, p. 205). 27. Calamospiza melanocorys Stejneger. LARK BUNTIN(:. Syuonym--Calaospi:'a bico/or. Status--An abundant migrant and winter visitant on the plains of southern and western Arizona. There are numerous recorded instances of its occurrence at points in the south--Tombstone, San Pedro Valley, Tucson, etc., north to Fort Grant: and it also occurs in lesser numbers along the .Colorado River, but appar- ently not in the extreme southwestern corner, the vicinity of Yuma. Not report- ed south of Cibola, on the Colorado River (Mus. Vert. Zool.), nor west of Agua Caliente, on the Gila River (Swarth, MS). Neither do [ know of any instance of its occurrence in northern Arizona--north of the Mogollon Divide--though it should occur in that reion as a migrant. 62 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 272. Piranga lurloviciana (Wilson). WESTERN 'PANACER. Synonym--Pyranja ludoviciana. Status--Summer visitant in the Transition zone and upward, of common oc- currence in the north: San Francisco Mountain (Merriam, x89 o, p. 4o); Mogol- Ion Mountains (Mearns, x89oa, p. 26o). In diminishing numbers to the south- ward, as far as the Santa Catalina Mountains (Scott, T888, p. 29) , and Huachuca Mountains (Swarth, 9o4 b, p. 47). These latter points, where it is of rare oc- currence in the summer, probably indicate the extreme southern limits of the breeding range of the species. Common and generally distributed during the migrations. 273. Piranga hepatica Swainson. HEPATIC TANAGER. Synonyms--Pyranga azarae; Pyranga hepatica, part. Status--('ommon summer visitant in the Transition zone throughout the state. Reported in summer from San Francisco Mountain, the Mogoilon, Santa Catalina, Santa Rita, Huachuca, Chiricahua, and White mountains, and at Fort Whipple; and as a nilgrant from various intervening points. A single specimen was taken in the Hualpai Mountains, July 8, I9O2 (Stephens, I9O3, p. IO4), and one was seen at the confluence of the Beaverdam and Virgin rivers, in extreme northwestern Arizona, May 9, I89I (Fisher, I893b, p. To9). 274. Piranga rubra cooperi Ridgway. COOPER 'TANAGER. Synonyms--Pyranga acstiz,a; Pyranga cooperi,. Pyranga aestiva cooperi; Pyranga hepatica, part. Status--Common summer visitant in the Lower Sonoran zone of southern and western Arizona, principally along the hot river valleys of the Colorado and its tributaries. Breeds along the .Colorado as far north as Fort Mohave (Cooper, 87o, p. x42), in eastern Arizona north to San Francisco River, in Graham Coun- ty (Henshaw, 875b, p. 239 ), and to the vicinity of Tucson. 275. ?rogne subis subis (Linnaeus). PURPLE M^R'rN. Synonyms--Prog',e purpurea; Prognc subis hesperia. Status---Breeds commonly in some sections, but there is not at hand data to indicate the details of its distribution through the state. It is known to be a sum- ruer visitant at Fort Whipple, in the Upper Sonoran zone (Coues, I866a, p. 72), in the Transition of the Mogollon Mountains (Mearns, 89oa, p. 26o), and in the Lower Sonoran at Tucson (Swarth, 9o5 a, p. 49). Reported from other points as a migrant only. 276. Petroehelidon lunifrons lunifrons (Say). CLIFF SWALLOW. Synonyms--Hirmuto htnifrons; Petrochelidon hmfrons tachma. Status--A common summer visitant, where suitable conditions prevail, 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 63 throughout the state, except along the southeastern boundary, where it is re- placed by P. l. me!a,.ogastra. The cliff swallow has been found breeding abun- dantly at various scattered points--Fort Whipple, Little Colorado River, Bill Williams River, Fort Verde, and at several places on the Colorado River between Xeed!es and Yuma. Breeding birds from Fort Verde have been referred to/2. l. tachim (Miller, 9o6, p. 77). 277. Petrochelidon hnifrons melanogastra (Swain,on). MExiCAN CLIFF SWAI.1A)XV. Synonym--Petrochelidon mela,ogastcr. Status--Occnrs as a sunmier visitant along the Mexican boundary of ex- treme southeastern Arizona, as far west as Nogales (Mearns, 9 m, p. t77 ). The northern limits of its range have not yet been ascertained. 278. Hitundo erythrogastra l loddaert. BARN *.' WAI,LOW. Synonynls---[Jirtttdo t'ttfct,' H.irzttdo horrcormtc C'helido crythrogaster. Status--Of rare and local occurrence. The only breeding records known to me are as follows: Tucson and the Santa Catalina Mountais, tip to 5,ooo feet (Scott, t888, p. 3 t); Elgin, Santa Cruz County (11ren;nger, t898a , p. t7); San Pedro River (Swarth, 9o4 b, p. 48)- There are singularly few records of its oc- currence as a migrant. 279. Iridoproene bieolor (Vieillot). TREE SWALLOW. Synonyms--Hirundo bicolor; Tachycinela 5icolo'. Status--I know of no instance of this species having been found breeding at any point in Arizona, and it has been observed bnt seldom as a migrant. Report- ed from C'ienega Station in April (Brewster, 882, p. 46), from Tucson in March (Scott, 888, p. 3 ), and from the Dragoon Monntains in May (Osgood, ']5o3, p. 5o). 280. Tachycineta thalassina lepida Mearns. NORTHERN VIOIET-GREEN SWALLOW. Synonyms--Hirtndo thalassita : Hersc thalassina ; Tachycineta thalassina. Statns--A common summer visitant of high Transition throughout Arizona. Reported from numerous localities--mountains near Fort Whipple, Santa Cata- lina Mountains, Mogollon Mountains, 1fuachuca Monntains, etc. Of general distribution dnring the migrations. 28'. Riparia riparia (Linnaeus). BANK S\¾ALLOW. Synonyms--Cotylc rlparia ; Clivicola riparia. Status--Apparently of rare occurrence. i-Ias been seen in summer at Fort Whipple (Coues, 866a, p. 72), and m the vicinity of Tucson (Scott, 888, p. 3 ) and the Santa Cruz River (Swarth. 9o5 a, p. 49). 64 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 282. Stelgidopteryx serripennis (Audubon). ROU(;II-\VIN (;ED SWALLOW. Synonym--Cotylc serripenis. Status---Though there are numerous instances of the occurrence of this spe- cies as a nilgrant in wrious parts of the state, breeding records are too few to [)erlnit a definite statement as to the region occupied (luring' the nesting season. Reported as breeding at Fort XYhipple (Cones, I866a, p. 72), Cienega Station, southeastern Arizona (Brewster, 1882, p. 146 ), along the Santa Cruz and San P'edro rivers (F. C. Willard, MS), and Tucson, and at points on the Colorado River between Ehrenberg and Yuma (Mus. Vert. Zool). Also observed at Fort 2\[ohave, 'Gila Bend, confluence of Beaverdam and Virgin rivers, Fort Verde, Mellen, Pima Indian Reserwtion, Keam Ca½on, and the Sulphur Spring Valley. Seen in February on the Colorado River (Kennerly, 1859 , p. 24), and at Fort Mohave (Co()per, 87o, p. 1 [o), so it may be found to occasionally pass the Will- ter this far north. 283. Bombyeilla garrula (Linnaeus). BoIIEMIAN WAXWING. Synonym--lpcls garret&rs. Status--A rare midvinter straggler from the north. Cooper (r861, p. 122) secured a single specimen at Fort Mobave, Jannary o, 1861, the only occasion on which the species has been observed in Arizona. This bird, an adult female, is noxv numl'er 4207, Museran of Vertebrate Zoology. 284. 1tombyeilla eedrorum Vieillot. CFi)\ 1 WXxWNC;. Synonym--tmpclis cedror;z. Statue--Of rare and irregular occurrence. Henshaw (875b, p. 299) se- cured a specimen thirty relics south of Fort Apache, September r, 873, under circumstances indicating that it may have been breeding. Otherwise noted dur- ing the migrations and in winter, at a few scattered localities: Galeyville, Cochise COtll-tty. January; Ttcson, March, ;\lay and June: Grand Cation, September; } [uachuca Mcmntains. April, May, October. 285. Phainopepla nitens (Swainson). ]DHAINOPEPLA. Synonymsiti/io-o%,s re'tens: Cichlopsis ite,. Status--Commou summer visitant in the Lower Sonoran of southern and western Arizona. Reported fron any point, north as far as Fort Apache (in August, not necessarily a breeding record), Fort Whipple, and Fort Mohave. Renmin through the winter locally in southern Arizona, and along the Colorado River. In the late summer there is a dispersal of individuals into higher alti- tittles. and pc)ssibly to lnore northern localities, than are occupied during the nest- ing' ti,ne. Foram breeding at Fort Mohave in Febmary (Fisher, 93 b, p. rt3). ß 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 65 _486, l.nius borealis Vieillot. NORTHERN SJRIKE. Synonyms---Collyrio borealis; Co!lurio borealis. Status--Only one record, that of a specimen secured by Cones (1866a, p. 73) at Fort Whipple, in February, 1865 . 287. Lanius ludovicianus excubitorides Swainson. WHITE-RUM PED S HRIl.E. Synonyms--Lanius ludovicianus; Collyrio excbitorides; Colh.rio ludovi- clarets var. excubitorides; Collurio cxcubiloroides. Status--Found in the Lower Sonoran zone of southern Arizona, along the Colorado River, and the Desert of the Little Colorado in northeastern Arizona. Apparently restricted to the Lower Souoran zone in the breeding season but raug-- ing into Upper Sonoran in late summer and fall: one specimen, Fort Whipple, September 4, I864 (.Coues, I866a, p. 73); foothills of the Huachuca Mountains. October (Swarth, 9o8, p. I5). Not known to occur in the high plateau region of central Arizona, and but sparsely distributed in the region where it is found. 288. Vireosylva olivacea (Lim;aeus). RED-EYED VIREO. Synonym--Fireo olk,aceus. Status--But a single record, that of a specimen secured by Lusk ih the Huachuca Mountains, May 2o, 1895. This specimen is now in the Swarth collec.- tion (Swarth, 19o4b, p. 49)- 289. Vireosylva õ51va swainsoni (Baird). WESTERN WARBLING ¾rlREO. Synonyms--Fireo gilvu.c Fireo swainso,d; Firco gilvus swrdnsoni. Status--A common summer visitant ot tim Upper Sonoran nd Transkion. zones of northern and central Arizona: Fort Whipple (Coues, I866a, p. 73); Sau Francisco Mountain (Merriam, I89 o, p. 98). Of rare occurrence south of the central plateau region, but has occasionally been found breeding at the extreme southern boundary of the state: Santa Catalina Mountains (Scott, 1888, p. 32); Huachuca Mountains (Willard, 9o8c, p. 23o ) Abundant and of general dis- rribution during the migrations. 290. Lanivireo solitarius cassini Xantus). CASSIN VIREO. Synonyms--Fireo solitaris; Fireosylvia solitaria; Firco solitarius cassini. Status--A migrant, of common occurrence and general distribution. Re- ported frown numerous localities in various parts of the state, but not from the desert region of the northeast corner. Specimens have been taken at Forts Whip- ple, Mohave, Apache, and Crittenden, and also at San Francisco Mountain, Mount Graham, and the Santa Rita, Santa Catalina, and Huachuca mountains. 66 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 ß 29 t. Lanivireo solitarius plumbeus (Coues). PLUII;EOUS VIREO. Synonyms--Fireo phmbeus; l'ireosy.zda plumbca; Vireo solitarius plum- be,ts. ß Statns--Common summer visitant of the Transition zone. Reported from San Francisco Mountain, the Mogollon, Santa Catalina, Santa Rita, I-Iuachuca, and Hualpai mountains, Forts Whipple and Apache, and is nndoubtedly to be ound in all the higher mountain ranges of the state. 292. Vireo huttoni stephensi Brewster. S'I'EI'HEN S VIREO. Synonym--lirco huttoni. Status--Found in the mountain ranges of southeastern Arizona, in the live mtk belt md along the cafiou streams, ranging upward to the lower edge of Transition. Probably resident, bnt nowhere very abundant. Reported from the Chiricahua, Santa Catalina, Santa Rita, and 1tuachuca mountains, and also, t,e westernmost record, from the Quijotoa Range (Scott, 888, p. 32). 293. Vireo belli arizonae Ridgway. ARIZONA VIREO. Synonyms--Firco bellii; 1.'ireo pusilhts.: I'irco bclli pusilium'. Status--Common snmmer visitant in southern and western Arizona. Found along the Colorado River at least as far north as Fort Mohave (Cooper, I861, p. 122) and the Big Sandy (Stephens, 9o3, p. o4). In eastern Arizona it breeds abundantly in the valleys of the Santa Cruz and San Pedro, as in all probability it does along the Gila River also. The northernmost points to which it has been traced in central Arizona are the Gila River, Graham County, in September (Hen- shaw, I875b, p. 225) , and a point fifty miles south of Fort Whipple, breeding (Coues, 866a, p. 76). 294. Vireo vicinior Coues. ORAY VIREO. Status--A summer visitant, reported thus far from a few scattered localities in the northern' and eastern parts of the state. Coues (866a, p. 75) secured a single specimen, the t.vpe of the species, at Fort Whipple, Henshaw (875b, p. 227) took migrating birds at Camp Bowie in August, and at Camp Lowell in Sep- tember, and Stephens (I878, p. 93) fonnd it on the Gila River, presumably about at the Arizona-New Mexico boundary, and also near q.'ucson in April (Brewster, 882, p. 142 ). Apparently the ouly positive published breeding record for Ari- zona is that of Scott (r885a, p. 32I), who reported the species as a common sum- i,ncr visitant on the eastern slope of the Santa Catalina Mountains, ranging from 280o to ooo feet. Merriam (89o, p..'lo) found ;t at the Grand Cation of the Colorado in September, and Fisher (9o3: p. 35) at Keam Cation in July and August, and it may be presumed to breed at both places. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 295. lrotonotaria citrea (Boddaert). PROTHONOTARY ARBLER. Status--Only one record, that of a specimen taken by E. W. Nelson at Tnc- son, May , 884 (Cooke, Lc/o4, p. 23). 296. Verrrdvora luciae (Cooper). Lucy WARB1.ER. Synonyms--.Helminthophaga luciac ; Heln,inthophila ltciae. Status--An exceedingly abundant summer visitaut in the low river valleys of southern and western Arizona. Common in the valleys of the Santa Cruz and San Pedro, along the Gila (probably not above its junction with the San Pedro), and along the ,Colorado. Ranges north along the Colorado to Fort Mohave at least, in central Arizona to Fort Whipple. Its northern boundary is probably de- termined by the rise of the country toward the Central Plateau Region. Restrict- ed almost entirely to the Lower Sonoran zone, but in a few places it ranges into Upper Sonoran: west slope of the Santa Rita Mountains (Swarth, 9o5 a, p. 8): west slope of the Huachuca Mountains (Willard, (fixSb, p. 206). Not reported from east of the San Pedro River. 297. Vermivora virginiae (Baird). VIRGINIA WARBLER. Synonyms--Helninthophaga virginiae; Helninthophila virginiae. Status--An abundant migrant, and a fairly common summer visitant in the Transition zone of some, probably all, of the higher mountain ranges. It has been found in the summer months in the White, Santa Catalina, Huachuca, and San Francisco mountains. Rare in the Hualpai Mountains, where Stephens (9o3, p. o4) saw several in June.' Of occasional occurrence iB the low valleys during the migrations. 298. Vermivora rubricapilla gutturalis (Ridgway). CALAVERAS WARBLER. Synonyms--Helminthophaga ruficapilla; Helminthophila ruficapilla; Hel- minthopila ruficapilia gutturalis; Hehninthophila rubricapilla gutturalis. Status---Abundant and generally distributed during the migrations. Re- ported from the valley of the Colorado River (Mus. Vert. Zool.), from San Francisco Mountain in the north, and from the Huachuca, Santa Rita and Santa Catalina mountains, and the valley of the San Pedro River, in southern Arizona. 299. Vermivora celata celata (Say). ORANGE-CROWNED WARBLER. Synonyms--Hehninthophila celata; Fermi.z'ora celata orestera. Status---But few records from Arizona. Reported from Mount Graham (breeding), San Francisco Mountains, San Pedro River, Adonde, Tucson, Fort Huachuca, and Bisbee (1 '. c. orestcra Oberholser, 9o5, p. 243); from the Huachuca Mountains and San Pedro River in April and September (Swarth, 9o4 b, p. 52); and from the Colorado Valley (NeedLes, Cibola, Picaoho, and Pilot Knob) from February to May (Mus. Vert. Zool.). 68 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 3oo. Verraivora celata lutescens (Ridgway). [UTESCENT WARBLER. Synonyms--Helminthophaga cclaa; J-fclminthophila celata lutescens. Status--An abundant migrant, occurring in all parts of Arizona. Has been found at every point where collecting has been carried on in the spring and fall. 3o. Peucedramus olivaceus (Giraud). Or.vE WAm:L._. Synonym--Dendroica olivacea. Status--Breeds in the Transition zone of the mountains of southern and central Arizona. Has been fonnd in the Huachuca, Chiricahua, Santa Catalina. Mog'ollon and White mountains, and on Mount Graham, and there are other bigh ranges at intermediate points where it will also probably be found. It does mt al;pear to hc very abundant in any part of its ran,,0,'e in Arizona. ..\ fe,v individ- !als probally remain through the winter, as it h3s been reported front the Santa Catalina Mountains, at o,ooo feet altitude, November 26-29 (Scott, x885b, p. 72), and from fine ltuachnca Mountains at 900o feet, February 2 (.Swarth, r9ø4b, P. 53). 302. Bendroica aestiva sonorana Brewster. SONORA YELLO\\' WARBLER. Synonyms--Di'droica aestiva, part; Dcutroica acxtka motcoral, part. Status--A common stunruer visitant in 'southern and western Arizona, ap- parently confined ahnost entirely to the Lower Sonoran river valleys, the Colorado and the Gila, with their tributaries. Has been reported from various points along these streams: Fort Mohave, Yuma, Gila Bend, Tucson, Tombstone, etc.; and occasionally from localities in Upper Sonoran: Santa Catalina Mountains, resi- dent np to 4500 feet (Scott, 888, p. 34) The northernmost record I have seen from central Arizona is from Fort Verde (Coale, 894 , p. 2t8). I know of no 1)reeding record of a yellow warbler from any point in Arizona north of the Mogolton Divide; what form it is tha't migrates throngh this region I do net know (Dcdroica acstiz,a Merriam, 89o, p. 98, San Francisco Mountain, etc., Augnst and September; Fisher, 893b, p. 3, continence of Beaverdam and Vir- ain rivers, May: etc.). 3o3 . Dendroica aestiva brewsteri Grinnell. CALIFORNIA Y'ELLOW WARBLER. Synonyms--Dcmtroica avstiva, part; Dcndroica acxtiva Jwrcomi, part. Status--A common migrant in sonthern Arizona. [ have seen specimens from the Huachuca Mountains, in the extreme southeastern portion of the state (Swarth. 9o4 b, p. 53), and from points on the Colorado River (Mus. Vert. Zool.). These are distinctly D. a. brewsteri, as distinguished from D. a. avsti'z,a of the eastern United States. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 69 3o4 . Dendroica e0r0nata (Linnaeus). Status--Fonr records: One from the Chiricahua Mountains, March 26, 88 (Brewster, 882, p. 37); one from Tucson, January 28, t886 (Scott, 888, .' p. 34): Pima Indian Reservations, September. "one seen" (Breninger, 9oa, p. 46): 3'ucsou, one seen Jannary 28, 92 (Sloanaker, 9'3, p. 97). 305 . Dendr0ica audub0ni audub0ni (Townsend). AUDUBON W.kRBLER. SynonymSylz,icola audubonii. Statns--Common snmmer visitant in higl Transition and upward in the mountains of northern Arizona: San Francisco Mountain, Mogollon Mountains. etc. Abundant in winter in the Lower Sonoran valleys of the southern and west- ern parts of the state: Tncson, San Pedro River. Yuma, etc. Winter visitant in he Colorado Valley at least as far north as Fort Mohave. Occasional in winter at Fort 5¾hipple (Cones, 866a, p. 69). Very abundant and ,f /cneral dis:tri- bution during the migrations. 306. Dendr0ica audub0ni nigrifr0ns Brewster. BLACK-FRON'ED WARBLER. Synonyms.Dcdroica ' auduboni, part : Dcndroica nigrifros. StatusReported from the Huachuca and the Chir[cahua mountains. vher t' is a fairly commoi summer visitant in the Transition zoe. D. o. am[tbolti ha, been recorded as an uncommon summer visitant in the Santa Catalina Mountain (Scott, 888, p. 34)- bt I have 70 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 3o9 . Dendroica virens (Gmelin). P)I.,ACK-TIzIROATED GREEN WARBLER. Status--Only one record for Arizona, that of an adult male secured at Ram- qay Cation, Hnachuca Mountains, May 9, I895 (Fisher, 9o4, p. 8T). 31ø. Dendroiea townsentli (Townsend). TOWNSEND WARBLER. 8tattls--An abundant migrant at all altitudes, both spring and fall, reported from many scattered localities throughout the state (San Francisco Mountain, Huachuca Mountains, Tucson, Yuma, etc.). Scott (888, p. 35) took one speci- men at Mineral Creek, Pinal County, November 2, 882, but there are no mid- xvinter records. 3  - Denh-oica occidentalis (Townsend). HERMIT WARBLER. Status--An abundant nilgrant, occurring in all parts of Arizona in the spring and fall. Reported from Fort Whipple, San Francisco Mountain, Huachuca Mountains, Ynma, etc. 312. Seiurus noveboracensis notabilis Ridgway. ALASKA WATER-THRUST}I. Synonyms--3'ciurus tcnuirostris ; ,S'eiurtts oz,eboracesis ; Sitrus aevius. Status--A rare migrant. The published records are as follows: Rio Col- orado, October (Gambel, 843, p. 26); one specimen, Camp Crittenden, August (Henshaw, 875b, p. 204); one specimen, adnlt male, Tucson, May 4 (Brew- ster, 882, p. 38): two specimens, Santa Catalina Mountains, 35oo feet, an adult female on September 2, and an adult mate on Selztember 3, 884 (Scott, 888: P- 35); one specimen, Huachuca Mountains, 55oo feet. August 3 , 9o3 (Swarth, 9o4 b, p. 56). 3  3- 0porornis tolmiei (Townsend). MA CGILLWRAY W/RBLER. Synonyms--Gcothlypis mac,'illivrayi; Gcothlypis philadelphia var. macgil/i- vrayi; Geothlypis tolmiei. Status--A summer visitant in the higher motretains of central Arizona. Fort Whipple, April to September (Coues, 866a, p. 7 o); east central Arizona, "com- mon summer resident" (lienshaw. r875a , p. 56). Abundant and generally dis- tributed during the migrations. 314. Oeothlypis trichas occirlenta]is Brexvster. YVEs'tERN YEI,I.OWT IIROAT. Synonym---Geothlypis trichas, part. Status--A common migrant, and, on the lower Colorado Rivcr, a winter vlsi- rant. May breed in northern Arizona, a summer i ecord from Fort Whipple (Cones, 866a, p. 69), possibly pertaining to this. subspecies. Colorado River be-- low Yuma, December (Price, 89(), p. 93). Hnachuca Mountains; migrant (Swarth, 9o4 b, p. 56). 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 71 3  5. Oeothlypis trichas scirpicola Grinnell. TULE YELLt\VTiIRoAT. Synonyms--Geothlypis trichas, part; Geothlypis trichas occidentalis, part. Stains--Breeds in the valleys of extreme southern Arizona and along the lower C'olorado River, but from the generally nnfavorable nature of the region outside of the latter district, it occrs in but small numbers, and at widely scat- tered intervals. Found in summer in the vicinity of Tucson (Scott, I888, p. 35), on the San Pedro River (Swarth, I9o4b, p. 56), aud on the loxver Colorado Riv- er (Mus. Vert. Zool.). For the use of the name scirpicola for the breeding yel- lowthroat of southern Arizona, see Swarth, i92, p. 7 . 36. Icteria virens longicauda Lawrence. LONG-TAILED CttAT. Synonyms--Icteria viridis ; Ictcria longicauda. Status--Abundant summer visitant in the Lower Sonoran river valleys, and through the Upper Souoran zone in the lower carlons of the mountain ranges. Fonnd in summer at Fort Mohave, Fort Whipple, Fort Grant, Tucson, Fort Apache, Huachnca Mountains, etc. 3 t 7. Wils0nia pusilla pile01ata (Pallas). PII.EOLATED WARBLER. Synonyms--Myiodioctes pusilhts; Myiodioctcs pus,illus pilcolatus, part'; iodioctes pilcolatzts; 3'ylvania pusilla pilcolata; 3ylva,ia pusilia, part. Status--The only breeding record for Arizona is that of Coues (I866a, p. 7 ) who reported the species as a common summer visitant about Fort 5¾hipple, where he found it from May to September. It is an exceedingly commot migrant in all l)arts of the state, and one that is found at all altitudes. 3  8. Wils0nia pusilia chryse01a Ridgway. C-OLDEN PILEOLATED WARBLER. Synonyms--Myiodioctes pusillts pilcolatus, part; Sylvania pttsilla, part. Status--Occurs "during migration southward and eastward to Arizona (Pinal County, September. October; Lowell, April; Fort Verde. Max; San Francisco Mountains, August 3t; Cienega; Tucson)" (Ridgway, t9o2 , p. 714). Observed as a common migrant in the Colorado Valle)', between Cheme- huevis Valley and Potholes in the spring of 9o (Mus. Vert. Zool.). 3 9- Setophaga ruticilla (Linnaeus). AMERICAN REDSTART. Status--Its occurrence in Arizona is based upon the record by Scott (I888, p. 36), of two specimens, an adult male taken by himself iu the Santa Catalina Monntains, 450o feet elevation. August 2, t84, and another taken by Herbert Brown at Tucson 72 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 32o. Setophaga..picta Svainson. PAINTED REDSTART. Status--A common .nmmer visitant in the high mountains of sonthern and central Arizona, in 1ov Transition and high Upper Sonoran. Found as far north as the Mogollon Mo',mtains and the Tonto Basin (Mearns, I89Oa , p. 26I). Re- ported from Camp Apache, Mount Graham, and the Chiricahna, Santa Rita, Iluachnca. Santa Catalina, and Whetstone monntains. 32 r. Carttellina rubrifrons (Girand). RED-FACED WARBLER. Status--Common summer visitant in the Transition zone of the monntains of sontheastern Arizona. The northernmost point to which it has been traced is the Mogollon Mountains (Mearns, I89aa, p. 6t), and it has also been found iu summer at Fort Apache, Mount Graham, the Santa Catalina, Santa Rita, and Huachuca mountains. There are other high ranges from which there are no re- ports, where it undoubtedly occurs. 322. Antbus rubescerts (Tunstall). AMERICAN PIPT. Synonyms.---Anthus I[tdoviciants; tnthus pcsitvaziczts. Status--A common winter visitant in tle lowlands of southeru and western Arizona, reported from various scatte'ed localities--Fort Whipple, Ynma, Tuc- son, etc. No winter records frtm points north of the Mogollon Divide. Possibly breeds on San Francisco Mountain, where it was found at timber liue ,.' the late summer (Merriam, I89 o, p. 99). 323 . Cinelus mexieanus unieolor Bonaparte. AMERICAN DIPPER. Synonyms--Hydrobata mcxicata: Cinchts mcxicams. StatusThere are bnt three definite published statements in regard to the oc- currence of the dipper in Arizona. Altlough Cones (866a, p. 66) included the species in his list of birds of Fort Whipple, he (lid not himself meet with it. Hen- shaw (t875b, p. I59) fonnd it airly common in summer on some of the streams of the White Monntains; Brewster (I88, p. 76) records a specimen secured in the Chiricahua Mountains, March o; and one was seen in the Huachuca Moun- tains. Atgust 4, I9 o2 (Swarth, I9o4b, p. 59)- 324. 0reoscoptes montanus (Townsend). SAtE TRASER. Synonym--31imus montanus. Status--An abundant winter visitant of the plaius and valleys of southern Arizona, reported from many localities between Yuma and the eastern boundary; also along the lower Colorado River. I know of no winter records from points north of the Mogollon Divide. There are no published instances of its breeding in Arizona, though it may be found doing so in the northeastern portion--from the Little Colorado River northward--where Merriam (I89O, p. IOO) observed it in small numbers in the late summer of 889. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 73 325 . Mimus polyglottos leucopterus (Vigors). WESTERN OCKINGBIRD. Synonyms--Mimus polyg'lottus; Mimus polyglottus var. caudatus. Status--A common summer visitant in the Lower Sonoran valleys, and in places extending up into Upper Sonoran. It is permanently resident in the hot valleys of southern Arizona, but there is a vertical migration downward from the foothill regions where it occurs in summer: and possibly an entire departure from northern Arizona during the winter months. Coues (t866a, p. 65) speaks of it as a summer resident only in the vicinity of Fort Whipple, and Osgood (19o 3, p. t5 o) mentions its arrival in the Sulphur Spring Valley, Cochise County, on April 5. In the foothills of the ttuachuca Mountains it occurs in summer only, xvhile it is reported in February from a point on the San Pedro River, fifteen miles dis- tant and about five hundred feet lower (Willard, 19toc, p. i to). The few records from northern Arizona (Little Colorado River, Keam Cation, and Hualpai Moun- tains), are all for the stunruer months. Probably a winter visitant only on the Colorado River helow Needles (Mus. Vert. Zool.). 326. Toxostoma rufum (Linnaeus). BROWN T}IRASHER. Status--But one record for Arizona, that of a male bird taken in the foot- hills of the Huachuca Mountains (45oo feet altitude), on October 5, x9ø7 (Swarth, 9o8, p. 5)- 327 . Toxostoma curvirostre palmeri (Co,es). Synonyms--7 o.rosloma vctula: Harporhvuchus ctrvirostris,' Harporhynchux cr:'irostris pal?cri. Status--A commou resident in the Lower Sonoran valleys of southeastern Arizona. Its range has been traced east to the valley of the SaD Pedro (Brew- ster, 882, p. 7), north to the Hassayampa (1. c.) and the Big Sandy (Stepheus; 9o3, p. IO5), to Fort Grant (,Coues, 868, p. 83) and the Salt River Valley. 328. Toxostoma bendirei (Coues). BENDIRE T IIR,SHER. Synonyms--Harporhyuchux bcndirci: Harporhynchux cincrcus vat. bcndirei. Statns--Locally a common resident iu the Lover Sonoran valleys of south- eastern and northeastern Arizona, 10ut our present knowledge seems to indicate an exceedingly irregular and disconuected range. In so,atheastern Arizona it is very abuudant in the valley of the Santa Cruz, west of the Santa Rita Mountains, whi12 it is almost unknovn east of that range. It is common in the plains and valleys stretching northwest of Tucson, as far as Phoenix and along the Gila River at least as far as Gila Bend (Pember, 1892 , p. 6). In northern Arizona it has been reported from Keam Cation in July and August (Fisher, 9o3, p. 35), and from Beale Spring iu July (Stephens, 9o3, p. o5). 74 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA ' No. 10 329 . Toxostoraa lecontei lecontei Lawrence. L;coNT; Synonyms--Harporhychus leco,tei; Harporhynchus redivivtts lccontei. Status--A resident of the arid Lower Sonoran plains of southern and western Arizona. In the valley of the Colorado River north to the extreme northwestern corner of the state (Merriam, 895, p. 59); east in the valley of the Gila about to Phoenix, Maricopa, Casa Grande, and Picacho Peak (Mearns, x886b, p. 299): its northwestern limits at the base of the P!ateau escarpment (Merriam, i. c.). In southern Arizona it has not been observed at any p6int east of the valley o the Santa Cruz River. 33 o. Toxostoma crissale Henry. CRISSAL THRASHER. Synonym--Harporhynchus crissalis. Status--Common resident, principally in Lower Sonoran; locally abundant but rather irregt,.larly distributed. Ranges north in the valley of the Colorado River as far as the mouth of Diamond Creek, Mohave County (Mearns, 886b, p. 292 ); in central Arizona to Fort Verde (Mearns, 1. c.). in the valley of the Gila it has been traced east to the mouth of San Carlos Creek (Mearns, i.c.). In southeastern Arizona it is common at Fort Bowie, and in the valleys of the San Pedro and Santa Cruz rivers; in the northwest reported as breeding in the Huai- pai Mountains (Stephens, 19o 3, p. xoS). There are no records from northeastern Arizona, and in all probability its range in ths direction is linfited by the great Mogollon Divide. 33 x. Heleodytes brunneicapillus couesi (Sharpe). CACTUS WRœN. Synonyms--Campylorhy,chm brumeicapi/l,tx; bIclcodytcs brtnneicapillu,; Helcodytcs brunnecapillm anthonyi. Status--A common resident of the Lower Sonoran zone in southern and western Arizona. Most abundant in the hot valleys of the southern part of the state. In western Arizona ranges as far north as Beale Spring (Stephens, 9o3, p. o5); in eastern Arizona there are no records from north of the Gila River. 332. Salpinctes obsoletus obsoletus (Say). Rocz: Synonyms--Troglodytes obsoletus ; Thryothorus obsolettts. Status--Has been found in every part of Arizona where observations have been made. In the southern valleys a permanent resident, but in the north prob- ably found in summer only (see Coues, x866a, p. 77), as also in the higher moun- tains. 333. Catherpes mexicanus eOnSloersas Ridgway. CAiON Synonyms--Thryothorus mea:icanus; Catherpes me,'icants ; Catherpes mexi- canus punctulatus: Catherpes ,nexican,s polioptil,ts. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 75 Status--Common resident in suitable localities throughout the state, rang- ing through Lower and Upper Sonoran into lower Transition. Most abundant in the Upper Sonoran zone o.f the various mountain ranges, but found also on low, rocky hills in the hot southern valleys, along the Colorado River, and on the des- erts of northeastern Arizona. 334. Thryomanes be'vicki eremophilus Oberholser. DESERT WREN. Synonyms--Thryothorus bcwickii; Thryothorus bewicki leucogaxter ; Thryo- maes bewck Ieuco,gastcr; Thryothorus bewickii murinus; Thryothorus bcwickii bairdi; Thryomanes bewickff bairdi; Thryoa,,es bewickii drymoccus. Status--Common resident in the Upper and Lower Sonoran zones of south- ern, and parts of western, Arizona. Has been reported in summer from the Chiri- cahua, Huachuca, Santa Rita and Santa CatMina mountains, Santa Cruz River near Tucson, Fort Whipple, the Big' Sandy River, and many intermediate points, all south and west of the Mogollon Divide. I have seen no records from Arizona localities north of that range. A winter visitant only in the lower Colorado Valley (Mus. Vert. Zool.). 335- Troglodytes adon parkmani Audubon. PARKIAN WREN. Synonyms--Tro.glodytes parkmanni : Troflodytes dometicus parkmani : Troflodytes aedon; Tro,,lodytes aedon marianae: Troflodytcs aedoJ a'tecus. Status--A summer visitant in the Transition zone of the higher ranges. Re- mains through the winter in the valley of the Colorado River. and probably in others of the hot valleys of southern Arizona: generally distributed during the migrations. Has been found in summer in the Santa Catalina, Santa Rita, Huachuca, Mogollon. Hualpai. nd San Francisco mountains, and at Fort Whip- ple. 336. Nanhas hiemalis pacificus (Baird). WESTERN WINTER WREN. Synonym--Olbiorchilux hiemalix paci/cu,. Status--But one published record for Arizona, that of a specimen taken in the Huachv. ca Mountains, April 2, t0o2 (Swarth, ,.9o4 b. . 60). There is a speci- men in the Field Museum of Natnral History, Chicago (no. 814o) labriled "Grand Ca5on, March, 887." 337. Telmatodytes palnstris piesins (Oberholser. WESTERN M..'xsH WRF,-. Synonyms--Cixtothorux palustri.%' Tclmatodytex paht.trix; Cixtothorux palu- xti. var. paludicola ; Cixtothorux pahtxtrix plesiu.,. Statt'.s--Possibly a 'snmmer visitant at suitable points, but the only definite record I have seen of a marsh wren as such is from Fort Whipple, where Coues (866a, p. 78) found it a common summer resident. There are singularly few published references to the species. even as a migrant in Arizona: Tucson, a rare migrant (Scott, .'888, p. 65): Moencopie, September (Merriam, 89o, p. oo); Sulphur Spring, Cochise County, March (Osgood, 9o 3, p. 5); Colorado River, March, 9o (Mus. Vert. Zool.). 76 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. ll) 338. Certhia familiaris albescens Berlepsch. iIExICAN CREEPER. Synonym--Certhia faniliarix mexicana. Status--A common summer visitant in high Transition in the mountain ranges of extreme southeastern Arizona. Reported from the Chiricahua Moun- tains (Brewster, 882, p. 8), the Santa Rita Mountains (Brewster, 885b , p. 97), the Santa Catalina Mountains (Scott, 885c, p. 35o), and the Huachuca Mountains (Swarth, 9o4 b, p. 6o). 339. Certhia familiaris montana Ridgway. ROCKY MOUNTAIN CREEPER. Synonyms--Certhia [ami/iarix; Ccrthia amcricaa; Ccrthia [a.miliarls var. am cricana. Status--Summer visitant in the higher mountains of northern and central Arizona. Has been found breeding on San Francisco Mountain, Mount Graham, and the Mogollon Mountains. One record of its occurrence as a migrant in southern Arizona (Swarth, 9o4b, p. 6: Huachuca Mountains, March, two specimens), and one from northern Arizona in winter (Kennerly, 859 , p. 20: Pueblo Creek, January). 340. Sitta ear01inensis nels0ni Mearns. ROCKY MOUNTAIN NUTHATCH. Synonyms--itta carolicxi ; 3;itta cdeata; Sitta caroli,csis aculeata. Status--Common summer visitant in the Transition zone, sometimes in high Upper Sonoran. In some of the more southern ranges, the Santa Catalina and Huachuca mountains, it is known to remain throughout the 3-ear. In central Arizona it is recorded as a permanent resident at Fort Whipple (Cmes, 866a. p. 78), and as occurring in the Mogollon Mountains in summer, and in the Verde Valley in wiuter (Mearns, 89oa, p. 262). Found at Williams in February (Wetmore, 9o8, p. 386). The only record from the arid Lower Sonoran south- western portion of Arizona is from Sacaton (Gilman, 9a, p. 35), xvhere it was seen from September 3 until the first week in December, 9o. 34 . Sitta canadensis Linnaeus. RED-BREASTED NUTHATCH. Status--There are very few Arizona records. One taken at Fort Yuma (Baird, 86, p. 6). The next record is of a m)ecimn in the Santa Catalina Mountains, October 29, 885 (Scott, 888, p. 65). Found breeding in the highest parts of the San Francisco and Mogollon mountains (Mearns, 89oa, p. 263); four specimens in the 1-Iuachuca Mountains, April 6, 9o2 (Swarth, 9o4 b, p. 6), and several seen at Sacatc;n during October. 9o (Gilman, 9a, P. 35). ., 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 77 342. Sitta pygmaea pygmaea Vigors. PIGMY UTHATCH. Synonym--gitta ptsilla var. pygtaca. Status--Common resident in the Transition zone throughout the state. is apparently non-migratory, and though found on all of the higher mountains, has never been observed, even in winter, in the intervening low valleys. 343. Baeolophus inornatus griseus (Ridgway). GRAY TI'rousE. Synonyms--Lophophanes ino;'attts; œa. rts inornatx ridgz½,ayi; Parus in- ore,at,rs griseus. Status--Several records from the lower slopes of San Frarcisco Mountain and neighboring localities, where it is probably resident. Also reported from the Grand Cation in September (Merriam, i89 o, p. 41 ), from Keam Cation in July, and from Fort Defiance (Baird, I86, p. 6). Coues (I866a, p. 79) found it as a winter visitant at Fort Whipple. Apparently of rare occurrence in southern Arizona, judging from the abseuce of records. The only definite statement of its occurrence in the sonth is that of Brewster (882, p. 79), who states that it is of rare occurrence in the Chiricahua Mountains. lienshaw (I875b , p. I67) speaks of it as occurring in the oak region of southern Arizona, but mentions no particular locality, and lists no specimens. 344. 1taeolophus wollweberi (Bonaparte). ]RII)LED TTIOUSr.:. Synonyms--Lophophanes c, ol&ecbcri; Pars eoll,cberi; I3acolophtts woll- wcberi anne:vux. Status--Common resident of the Upper Sonoran foothill country of the mountains of sontheastern and central Arizona. Reported from nearly all the ranges south and west of the Mogollon Divide, and as far north as Fort Whipple (Coues, i86()a, p. 79). Occasionally wauder to a lower zone in the fall and winter, as evidenced by its occurrence at Sacaton in October and November, 59o 9 (Gilman, I9iO, p. 46). Preeminently a bird of the oak woods. 345. Penthestes sclateri (Kleinschmidt). MEXICAN CHICKADEE. Synouym--Parus meridio,mlis. Status--In Arizona it is known to occur only in the Transition zone of the Chiricahua Mountains (70o0 to IO,0oo feet), where it is reported to be not un- common (Brewster, I882, p. 79). 346. Penthestes gainbell gambeli (Ridgway). MOUNTAIN CHICKADEE. Synonyms--Parts montamts; Poccile ontanux; Parus gainbell. Status--Common resident in the higher mountains of northern and central Arizona: San Francisco Mountain, Mogollon Mountains, Fort Whipple, etc., south to Mount Graham. Occurs in the Santa Catalina Mountains in xvinter 78 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 (specimens in the collection of F. S. Daggett) and may breed in that range, as it has been seen there in June and July (Rhoads, I892, p. I25). Mr. F. S. Dag- gett also has specimens in his collection taken in the Santa Catalina Mountains in June. 347- lsaltriparus plumbeus (Baird). LEAD-COLORED BUSH-TT. Synonymsxaltria plumbea; œxaltriparux minim.ux var. plumbeus; Pxal- tripart, x santaritae; Jøsaltriparus melanotis lloydi. Status--Abundant in Upper Sonoran and Transition zones in northern and eastern Arizona. Reported from many localities: Fort Whipple, Keam Cation, Little Colorado River, Hualpai, Huachuca, Santa Rita, and Chiricahua moun- tains, etc. There are no records from the arid southwestern portion of the state, nor from the Colorado River Valley, at its western border. 348. Auriparus flayJeeps flayJeeps (Sundevall). S ynonym--œ ar oides [lavic e ps. Status--Common resident of the Lower Sonoran valleys of southern and western Arizona. Occurs along the Colorado River to the extreme northwestern corner of the state (Beaverdam Creek, Fisher, 893b, p. 42). in eastern Arizona it is not reported from any point north of the Gila River. The northern and eastern limits of its range are formed by the rising slopes of the mountains form- ing the great divide which extends diagonally across the state. 349. Regulus calendula calendula (Linnaeus). RUBY-CROWNED KINGLET. Statu.--A summer visitant of the higher parts of the mountains of northern and central Arizoa. Recorded as breeding' on Sa.n Francisco Mo,mtain, Mount Graham, and the Mogollon, White and Chiricahua mountains. Known to breed also in the Santa Catalina Mountains (F. C. Willard, MS). Remains through the winter in the lower valleys throughout the state. Generally distributed dur- ing the migrations. 35 o. lolioptila caerulea obscura Ridgway. WESTERN NATCATCHER. Synon ym-w? olioptila caerulea. Status--Breeds principally in the Upper Sonoran zone. Definitely re- ported in summer from San Francisco Mountain, Fort Whipple, and the I-Iualpai Mountains, in the north; and from the Santa Catalina and I-Iuachuca mountains ' in southern Arizona. In winter occurs locally in the warmer valleys of southern Arizona (Tucson, etc.), and along the lower Colorado River, from Needles southward. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 7v 35 - lolioptila plumbea (Baird). PLUMBEOUS GNATCATCHER. Synonyms--Ctlici'r'ora pht.mbea; Polioptila melanura; Polioptila caerutea vat. plumbea. Status--Fairly common resident of the Lower Sonoran zoe of southern, western, and parts of northern Arizona. Found breeding in all the low valleys south of the Mogollon Divide (Gila, Santa Cruz, San Pedro, etc.), north to Fort Whipple (Coues, x866a, p. 66) and Fort Mohave. Also reported in sum- ruer from Keam Cation, in northwestern Arizona (Fisher, x9o3, p. 36). As it has been taken at some of the northernmost points of record in Arizona during the winter months, it is probably a permanent resident wherever it is found in the state, thongh possibly there are slight local migrations. 352. Myadestes townsendi (Audubon). Towqs;qD SOL^R. Synonym--Ptilogonys townsendii. Status-Breeds in the Boreal zone of the San Francisco Mountains (.Mer- riam, 89 o, p. o); not known to do so elsewhere in Arizona, though it may prove to be a summer visitant in some other of the higher ranges (Mogollon Mountains, White Mountains, etc.). A pair of birds seen in the Huachuca Mountains during June, 9o, under circumstances possibly indicative of their breeding' (F. C. Willard, MS). A common migrant in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones, observed at vations points n eastern Arizona. Seen in north- ern Arizona in January and February (Kennerly, 859, P. 25). Has occurred through the winter in the Santa Catalina Mountain (Sc(tt, 88, p. 67), and in the Dragoou Mountains (Osgood, 3, P. 5) ß 353. HylocicMa fuscescens sicic01a Ridgway. WILLOW THRUSH, SynonymTtrdus [uscesccns salicicol. StatusThe only positive record for Arizona is that of a specimen taken by Herbert Brown at Tncson, in May. t882 (Scott, I888, p. 67). Breninger (I9Oa, p. 46) reported one as seen on the Pima Indian Reservation, south of Phoenix, in September [I?], but the bird was not taken. 354- Hylocichla ustulata ustulata (Nuttall). RuSSET-BACKED THRUSH. SynonymsTurdus tsttIatts; HylocichIa zstttlata swainsoni. Status-Although there are singularly few records of the occurrence of this species in Arizona, it is nevereless a common migrant in the southern and western parts of the state. The publisher[ records are as follows: Santa Rita Mountains, May 17, I88, one specimen (Brewster, I882, p. 68); Fort Lowell, May 2, I884, one specimen (Brewster, t885a, p. 85); Yuma, May, three speci- mens (Morcom, t887, p. 57); Huachuca Monntains, common nilgrant in the spring (Swarth, I4b, p. 63). Re-examiuation of specimens recorded as H. u. swansoni (Swarth, 1. c.) shows them all to be examples of H. u. ustulata. PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA  No. 10 355. Hylocichla guttata guttata (Pallas). KADIAK HERberT THRUSH. Synonyms--Turdus nanus; Hylocichla nana; Turdus pallasi var. nanus; Turdus unalascae ; Turdus aonalaschkae. StatusCommon migrant and winter visitant in the valleys and foothills of southern Arizona, and along the Colorado River. Verde Valley, winter (Mearns, 89oa, p. 263); Santa Catalina Mountains, winter (Scott, 888, p. 67); Fort Whipple, migrant (Coues, 866a, p. 65). It has not been reported from any point in Arizona north and east of the Mogotlon Divide. 356. Hylocichla guttata auduboni (Baird). ROCKY MOUNTAIN HERM:IT THRUSI-t. Synonyms--Turdus pallasi var. auduboni; Turdus unala'cac mtduboni; 7'trd.t aonalaschkac audtboi; 'Ftrd.s gtttats attdtb,i. Status--Smnrner visitant in the higher mouutains of northeru and easteru Arizona. Has been found breeding on Mount Graham (Henshaw, 875 b, p. 44), the Mogollon Mountains (Mearns, 89oa, p. 263), San Francisco Moun- tain (Merriam, 89 o, p. o), and the Chiricahua Mountains (Fisher, 9o4, p. 8). In the Santa Catalina Mountains Scott (885 c, p. 349) found it very rare but apparently breeding. Reported as a migrant in the Dragoon Mountains (Os- good, I9o3, p. I5), anti iu the Huachuca Mountains (Swarth, 9o4 b, p. 64). There are no records frorn localities in the lowlands. 357- Ityloeiehla guttara nanus (Audubon). DWARF HERMIT TI-1RUSH. Status--Apparently of rare occurrence in Arizona. The following two re~ fernces are the only ones I have seen relating definitely to this subspecies: Huachuca Mountains, one specimen, April 6, 9o3 (Swarth, 9o4. b, p. 64); "Santa Catalina Mountains, October 30; . . . Fort Verde, November 9; Tucson, .January I7" (Ridgway, 9o7, p. 42). There is in the Museurn of Verte- brate Zoology a skin (no. 6432) taken by J. G. Cooper at Fort Mobave, January 25, 86. 358. Hylocichla gattata slevini Grinnell. MONTEREY t-tERMI'I' '_PI-RUSH. Status--A rare migrant, reported only from the Huachuca and Chiricahua mountains (Swarth, 9o4 b, p. 64). 359.. llanesticus migratorius propinquus (Ridgway). WESTERN ROBN. Synonyms--Turds ng'ratorius; ?lanestics migratori,,: 7'urds migra- toriuo' propinqus; Merula migratoria propinqua. Status--Breeds commonly in me)st of the high mountain ranges of easteru Arizona. tlas been reported in stunruer from the Mogollon Mountains, San Francisco Mountain, Huachuca Mountains, and the vicinity of Fort Whipple. Winters in the valleys and lowlands generally. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 81 36o. Sialia sialis fulva Brewster. AzuRE BLUEmRD. Synonym--Sialia xialix aurea. Status--Rare in summer in the high mountains of extreme southern Arizona: Santa Rita Mountains, June x8 and 2o, x884, three specimens (Brewster, x885 a, p. 85); Huachuca Mountains (Ridgway, x9o7, p. x46). The latter record, ac- cording to information received by me from Mr. W. \.V. Cooke, is based upon a specimeu taken by Dr. A. K. Fisher, at Fort Huachuca, April 30, I892. The species is not of regular or of common occurrence in either of these mountain ranges, where 3'ialia mexicana bairdi is the common breeding bluebird; in fact the above records are the only ones known to me, though the region has been visited frequently by collectors. 36. Sialia raexicana bairdi Ridgxvay. (IIESTN UT-BACKED BLUEBIRD. Synonyms--3'ialia occidentalis; Sdalia mexicana; SiaIia mexicam occiden- talis. Status--Common resident in high Transition in the mountains of northern and eastern Arizona, ranging west to the Hualpai Mountains (Stephens, t9o3, p. o5). Also definitely reported as occurriitg in summer on San Francisco Mom,- tain, and in the Mogollon, Chiricahua, Santa Catalina, and luachuca ranges. Of more general distribution during the winter: st{ll to be found in the high ranges of souther Arizona, but in the valleys and plains also, and along the Colorado River. 362. Sialia curruc0ides (Bechstein). '][O UNTA IN BLUEBIRD, Synonym---,.gialia arctica. Status--A summer visitant of the higher mountains north of the Mogollon Divide. Reported as breeding in the San Francisco and Mogollon mountains (Mearns, 89oa, p. 264). Occurs during the winter at Fort Whipple, along the lower Colorado River, and in the valleys of southern Arizona--Tucson, San Pedro River, etc. HYPOTI!ET.[CAL LIST . Colymbus auritus Linnaeus. ]LIORN ED GREBE. Synonym--Podiceps cornutus. Status--Known only from the records by Cmes of its occurrence on the Col- orado River (866a, p. oo)i and at Fort Grant (868, p. 84), statements which are not sufficiently explicit. 82 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 2. Gavia pacifica (Lawrence). PACIFrC LOON. Synon)ms--Colymbttx pacilcux; Colymbus. arcticux var. pacicux. Status--The cnly reason for including this species in a list of the birds of Arizona lies in the fact that it is contained in Coues' "List of the Birds of Fort Whipple" (i866a, p. oo). No specific instance of its occurrence is cited, how- ever; in fact he does not even explicitly state that the species was found in the region,.and though it may occur in winter on the Colorado River, there is at pres- ent no proof that such is the case. 3- Larus occidentalis Audubon. WESTERN GULL. Status--Recorded as seeit commonly in midwinter along the Colorado River froin its mouth to a point forty miles south of Yttma (Price, 899 , p. 9o). If no lnistake was made in identification the species may be found ranging up the river to within the Arizona boundary. 4. Larus heermanni Cassin. HEERMANN GULL. Status--Seen by Rhoads, in winter, on the lower Colorado River, "as far tip as Yuma, Arizona" (Stone, 9o$, p. 687). The improbability of the occurrence demands the verification of specimens actnally secured. 5. Larus atticilia Linnaeus. LAUGHING GULL. Sy,onym--Chroecocephahts atticilia. Status--'iColorado River, particularly its lower portions. A sp.ecimen taken over a hundred miles from any body of water, near the eastern border of the Ter- ritory" (Coues, 866a, p. 99). This is lhe only Arizona record. 6. Lartts franklini Richardson. FRANKLIN GULL. Synonym---Chroecocephalus franklni. Status--"I am under the impression that 1 also saw Ch. fra.nklh, tii about twenty miles from the river near Fort Mojave" (Coues, 866a, p. 99). 7. 1tranta bernicla glaucogastra (Brehm). BRANT. Synonym--Ber,icla brenta. Status---Mentioned by .Coues (865b, p. 538) as occdrring on the Gila River, and by Woodhouse (853, p. m2) as abundant in "New Mexico". Both state- ments seem improbable. 8. Oaara rubra (Linnaeus). SCARLET IreS. Status--Known only from the record of a flock of seven or eight birds, sup- losedly this species, seen at Rillito Creek, near Fort Lowell, Sepfember 7, 89ø (Brown, 899a, p. 27o). 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 83 9. Creciscus jamaicensis (Gmelin). BLACK RAIL. Synonym--Porzana jamaicensis. Status--Doubtfully recordeft from the vicinity of Tucson, on the basis of a bird, believed to be of this species, seen April 23, i88i (Brewster, I883, p. 36). io. Lim0sa fed0a (Linnaeus). MARBLED GODWIT. Status--A bird supposed to be of this species seen, but not secured, on the San Pedro River, January 27, I886 (Scott, i886, p. 386). I I. Lim0sa haemastica (Linnaeus). I-IUDSON'IAN GODWIT. Status--Its occurrence in the state can not be considered as established by the record of the observation of a bird "probably of this species" (Visher, I9Ob, p. 280). 12. T0tanus flavipes (Gmelin). YELLOWLEGS. Status--One record, of its occurrence near Tucson, in September (Visher, 9iob, p. 280). In the absence of specimens it may be questioned. 13. Charadrius dominicus dominicus Mailer. GOLDEN PLOVER. Status--The only record is that of two seen, but not sectwed, near Tucson (Visher, 19Iob, p. 28T). 14. C01umba flavirostris Wagler. RED-t:ILLED PIGEON. Status--Known only from the record by Bendire (I892, p. 28) of three 'birds (not seen by himself) said to have been shot in the foothills of the Graham Mountains, near Fort Grant, July 25, I886. 15- Oymn0gyps ealif0rnianus (Shaw). CALIFORNIA CONDOR. Synonyms--Cathartes califoria'ms; Pseudoo'ryphs cali[or.iamts. Status--"Resident in Southern Arizona. Individnals observed at Fort Yum,t in September, I865" (Coues, I866a, p. 42). The statement as to its occurrence in southern Arizona lacks confirmation; Fort Yuma is on the California side of the river. There are doubtful records of its occurrence in the Santa Catalina Mountains (Rhoads, i892, p. I I4), and at Pierce's Ferry, Colorado R:,ver (uorth- west Arizona), in March, I88I (Brown, I899 b, p. 272). I6. Sarc0ramphus papa (Linnaeus). KING VULTURE. Synonym--Gyparch*ts papa. Status--The very doubtful records of its occnrrence on San Francisco River (Coues, 866a, p. 49), and the Verde River (Coues, I88Tb, p. 248 ) lack con-. firmarion. 84 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 I7. 11anus leucurus (Vieillot). WHITE-TAILED KITE. Status--The only definite record for Arizona is that of F. T. Perubet, who claimed to have inet xvith the species near Gila Bend, in April (892 , p. 49). i8. 1tuteo lineatus elegans Cassin. RED-BELLIED HAWK. SynonylnButeo clegans. Status--The only record of the occurrence of this species in Arizona is th,.t of a specimen collected by Kennerly and Mollhansen on the Colorado Chiquito, November i7, 853 (Baird, I858 , p. 28). According to information received by me froin Mr. W. W. Cooke it is not now to be found in the National Iviu3eum collection, although entered in the catalogue, with data as given above. Under the circumstances the species may be excluded from the regular list until the curfence can he confirmed. 9. Xenopieus albolarvams (Cassin). WHITE-HEADED WOOl)PECKER. Status--The alleged occnrrence of this species in the Santa Catalina Monn- tains (Visher, I9Iob, p. 282) seems doubtful. 20. Otocoris alpestris praticola Henshaw. PRAIRIE HORNED LARK. Status--One specimen recorded from Fort Verde, in winter (Oberholser, 9o2, p. 825). The possibility presents itself of this bird being an individual ex- treme of some one of the several races regularly frequenting the region, or an inter- grade betveen tvo of them, rather than belonging to the race to which it has been referred. In treating slightly differentiated subspecies of such a variable species it seems unsafe to assert such an extraordinary extension of range on such slender evidence. 2i. Agelaius phoeniceus californicus Nelson. BICOLORED RED-WINGED ]LACKBIRD. Synonym geIaits ,gubernator caIifornicus. Statns--Straggling east to western Arizona (A. O. U. Check-List, t9IO , p. 235 ). According to information received by me from Mr. W. W. Cooke, this statement is based upon a specimen found dead July 6, 9o7, by Mr. Vernon Baiiey, at Casa Grande. Intergradation betxveen this form and nc,tralis has been demonstrated, and the possibility suggests itself of the supposed specimen of californic,ts 'being really an individual extreme of neutralis, a common species in the region. The occurrence of califor, ic,s, apparently a non-migratory form, so far from the normal boundaries of its range, should receive the strongest pos- sible verification. 22. Wilsonia pusilla pusilia (Wilson). WILSON WARBLER. Status--According to Ridgway (9o2, p. 7IO) this species is "occasional during migration in Arizoua (Tucson, May: Fort \Vhipple, May)". 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 23. libnilus sarapa satraps Lichtenstein. GOLDEN-CROWNED KINGI ET. Synonym--I?eguh.ts satrapa olivaceus. Status--Most of the statements relative to the occurrence of this species in Arizona can be traced back to Woodhouse's casual mention of birds seen on San Francisco Mountain (853, PP. 67, 68). In the absence of specimens, and of sub- sequent confirmation by other observers, it seems best to exclude the species from the regular list. A recent record from the Santa Catalina Mountains. in July (Rhoads, 892 , p. x25) , can not be considered as satisfactory, as specimens were not secured. 24. Ixoreus naevius naevius (Gmelin). VARIED THRUSH. Synonym--Turdus naewiua. Status--Said to have been obtained by Lieut. Ives' expedition on the Colorado River between Forts Mohave and Yuma (Baird, I86I, p. 5). This may or may not have been on the Arizona side of the river. and on this account alone the spe- cies may be omitted from the Arizona list. At most it can 'be but an exceedingly rare straggler into the region. AN ANALYSIS OF THE AVIFAUNA OF ARIZONA From the foregoing data the birds occurring in the state of Arizona may he divided into the following classes: Resident  52 ß Summer visitant 72 Winter visitant 57 Transient 3 ¸ Of casual occurrence 5  giving a total of 362 species and subspecies found within the state. RESIDENT SPECIES 1. Mergus americanus 20. Colinus ridgwayi 2. Arias platyrhynchos 21. Callipepla squamata 3. Chaulelasmus streperus 22, Lophortyx gambeli 4. Mareca americana 23. Cyrtonyx montezumae mearnsi 5. Querquedula discors 24. Dendragapus obscurus obscurus 6. Querquedula cyanoptera 25. Meleagris gallopavo merriami 7, Spatula clypeata 26. Columba fasciata fasciata 8. Dafila acura 27. Zenaidura macroura marginella 9. Erisnatura jamaicensis 28. Chaemepelia passerina pallescens 10. Botaurus lentiginosus 29. Scardafella inca 11. Ardea herodias treganzai 30. Cathartes aura septentrionalis 12. Butorides virescens anthonyi 31. Circus hudsonius 13. Nyctlcorax nycticorax naevius 32. Accipiter velox 14. Grus mexicana 33. Accipiter cooperi 15. Porzana carolina 34. Parabuteo unicinctus harrisi 16. Gallinula galeata 35. Buteo borealis calurus 17. Fulica americanaß 36. Buteo abbreviatus 18. Actitis macularius 37. Urubitinga anthracina 19. Oxyechus voclferus 38. Aquila chrysaitos 86 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 39. Halieetus leucocephalus leucocephalus 40. Falco mexicanus 41. Falco peregrinus anatum 42. Falco fusco-caerulescens 43. Falco sparverius sparverius 44. Polybortts cheriway 45. Aluco pratincola 46. Strix occidentalis huachucae 47. Cryptoglaux acadica acadica 48. Otus asio cineraceus 49. Otus asio gilmani 50. Bubo virginianus pallescens 51. Speotyto cunicularia hypogaea 52. Glaucidium gnoma pinicola 53. Glaucidium phaloenoides 54. Micropallas whitneyi 55. Geococcyx californianus 56. Dryobates villosus leucothorectis 57. Dryobates pubescens homoms 58. Dryobates scalaris cactophilus 59. Dryobates arizonae 60. Picoides americanus dorsalis 61. Sphyrap/cus thyroideus 62. Melanerpes formicivorus aculeatus 63. Asyndesmus lewisi 64. Centurus uropygialis 65. Colaptes cafer collaris 66. Colaptes chrysoides mearnsi 67. Phalaenoptilus nuttalli nuttalli 68. Aeronautes melanoleucus 69. Calypte costae 70. Tyrannus vociferans 71. Myiarchus cinerascens 72. Sayornis sayus 73. Sayornis nigricans 74. Pyrocephalus rubinus mexicanus 75. Otocoris alpestris adusta 76. Otocoris alpestris pallida 77. Otocoris alpestris occidentalis 78. Cyanocitta stelleri diademata 79. Aphelocoma woodhousei 80. Aphelocoma sieberi arizonac 81. Perisoreus canadensis capitalis 82. Corvus corax sinuatus 83. Corvus cryptoleucus 84. Corvus brachyrhynchos hesperis 85. Nucifraga columbiana 86. Cyanocephalns cyanocephalus 87. Molothrus ater obscurus 88. Xanthocephalus xanthocephalu 89. Agelaius phoeniceus sonoriensis 90. Agelaius phoeniceus neutralis 91. Sturnella magna hoopesi 92. Sturnella neglecta 93. Euphagus cyanocephalus 94. Hesperiphona vespertina montana 95. Carpodacus cassini 06. Carpodacus mexicanus frontalis 97. 98. 99. 1 (). 101. 102. 103. 104. 105. 106. 107. 108. 1(19. I10. III. 112. 113. 114. 115. 116. 117. 118. 119. 120. 121. 122. 123. 124. 125. 126. 127. ' 128. 129. 130. 131. 132. 133. 134. 135. 136. 137. 138. 139. 1413. 141. 142. 143. 144. 145. 146. 147. 148. 149. 150. 151. 152. Loxia curvirostra stricklandi Passer domesticus Astragalinus tristis pallidus Astragalinus psaltria hesperophilus Spinus pinus Pocecetes gramineus confinis Passerculus sandwichensis nevaden- sis Anlmodranlus savannarum bimacu- latus Chondestes grammacus strigatus Spizella passerina arizonae Spizella breweri Junco phaeonotus palliatus Junco phaeonotus dorsalis Amphispiza bilineata deserticola Aimophila carpalis Aimophila ruficeps scotti Melospiza melodia saltonis Pipilo maculatus montanus Pipilo fuscus mesoleucus Pipilo aberti Cardinalls cardinalis superbus Pyrrhuloxia sinuata sinuata Phainopepk, nitens Lauius Iudovicianus excubitorides Vireo huttoni stephensi Peucedramus olivaceus Dendroica auduboni auduboni Cinclus mexicanus unicolor Mimus polyglottos leucopterus Toxostoma curvirostre pahneri Toxostoma bendirei Toxostoma lecontei iecontei Toxostoma crissale Heleodytes brunneicapillus couesi Salpinctes obsoletus obsoletus Catherpes mexicanns conspersus Thryomanes bewieki eremophilus Troglodytes aedon parkmani Tehnatodytes palustris plesius Certhia familiaris montana Sitta carolinensis nelsoni Sitta canadensis Sitta pygmaea pygmaea Baeolophus inornatus griseus Baeolophns xvollweberi Penthestes sclateri Penthestes gambeli gambeli Psaltriparus plumbeus Auriparus fiaviceps fiaviceps Regulus calendttla calendula Polioptila caerulea obscura Polioptila plumbea Myadestes townsendi Planesticus migratorius propinquus $ialia mexieana bairdi Sialia currueoide. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 87 These species are resident in the sense that the available data seems to show that they occur somewhere in the state at all tinms of the year. Many of then are truly migratory, and, in making' altitudinal migrations, spend. the summer and wn- ter in as widely different surroundings as if they had travelled instead over the length of the continent. Some are almost entirely restricted to the xvarm valleys of the lower parts of the Colorado and Gila rivers (luring the winter. From the list of residents may be selected the following species which are probably to be found over the same grounds the year through, though some of them may, in fall and winter, spread out over a somewhat wider territory. Colinus ridgwayi Callipepla squamata Lophortyx gambeli -Cyrtonyx m. mearnsi Dendragapus o. obscurus Meleagris g. merriami Buteo b. calurus Bubo v. pallescens Speotyto c. hypogaea Geococcyx califorhianus Dryobates v. leucothorectis Dryobates s. cactophilus Dryobates arizonae Picoides a. dorsalis Centurus uropygialis Colaptes c. mearnsi Otocoris a. adusta Otocoris a. pallida Cyanocitta s. diademata Aphelocoma woodhousei Aphelocoma s. arizonae Perisoreus c. capitalis Passer domesticus Junco p. palliatus Junco p. dorsalis Aimophila r. scotti Melospiza m. saltonis Pipilo m. montanus Pipilo . mesoleucus Pipilo aberti Vireo h. stephensi Toxostoma c. palmeri Toxostoma bendirei Toxostoma 1. lecontei Toxostoma crissale Heleodytes b. couesi Salpinctes o. obsoletus Catherpes m. conspersus Thryomanes b. eremophilus Sitta p. pygmaea Baeolophus wollweberi Psaltriparus plumbeus Auriparus f. flaviceps Polioptila plmnbea SUMME 1. Colymbus nigricollis californicus 2. Plegadis guarauna 3. Mycteria americana (not known to breed) 4. Melopelia asiafica trudeaui 5. Buteo albicaudatus sennetti 6. Buteo swainsoni 7. Asturina plagiata 8. Otus trichopsis 9. Otus flammeolus 10. Coccyzus americanus occidentalis 11. Trogon ambiguus 12. Antrostomus vociferus macromystax 13. Chordeiles virginianus henryi 14. Chordeiles acutipennis texensis 15. Eugenes fulgens 16. Cyanolaemus clemencie 17. Archilochus alexandri 18. Selasphorus platycercus VI s i'rANTS 19. Basilimm leucotis 20. Cynanthus latirostris 21. Tyramus verticalis 22. Myiodynastcs luteiventris 23. Myiarchus magister magistcr 24. Myiarchus lawrencei olivascens 25. Nuttallornis borealis 26. Myiochanes pertinax pallidiventris 27. Myiochanes richardsoni richardsoni 28. Empidonax difficilis difficilis 29. Ehpidonax trailli trailli ,30. Empidonax fulvifrons pygmacus 31. Camptostoma imberbe' 32. Tangavius aeneus aeneus 33. Icterus parisorum 34. Icterus cucullatus nclsoni 35. Icterus bullocki 36. Zonotrichia leucophrys leucophrys 37. Spizella atrogularis 88 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 38. Pcucaea botterii 56. 39. Peucaea cassini 57. 40. Zamelodia melanocephala melanocephala 58. 41. Guiraca caerulea lazula 59. 42. Passerina amoena 60. 43. Piranga ludoviciana 61. 44. Piranga hepatica 62. 45. Piranga rubra cooperi 63. 46. Progne subis subis 64. 47. Petrochelidon lunifrons lunifrons 65. 48. Petrochelidon lunifrons melanogastra 66. 49. Hirundo erythrogastra 67. 50. Tachycineta thalassina lepida 68. 51. Riparia riparia 69. 52. Stelgidopteryx serripennis 70. 53. Vireosylva gilva swainsoni 71. 54. Lanivireo solitarius plumbeus 72. 55. Vireo belli arizonae Vireo vicinior Vernfivora lucize Vermivora virginiae Vermivora celata celata Dendroica aestiva sonorana Dendroica auduboni nigrifrons Dendroica gracize Dendroica nigrescens Oporornis tolmiei Geothlypis trichas scirpicola Icteria virens longicauda Wilsonia pusilla pileolata Setophaga picta Cardellina rubrifrons Certhia familiaris albescens Hylocichla guttata auduboni Sialia sialis fulva For comments upon the species included in this list see beyond, under the discussion of the composition of the avifauna of the different life zones withiu the state. [VINTER VISITANTS 1. Aechmophorus occidentalis 2. Podilymbus podiceps 3. Gavia iraruer 4. Phalacrocorax auritus albociliatus 5. Pelecanus erythrorhynchos 6. Mergus serrator 7. Nettion carolinerise 8. Marila americana 9. Marila valisineria 10. Marila marila 11. Marila affinis 12. Charitonetta albeola 13. Chen hyperboreus hyperboreus 14. Anser albifrons gambeli 15. Branta canadensis canadensis 16. Branta canadensis hutchinsi 17. Dendrocygna bicolor 18. Olor columbianus 19. Grus canadensis 20. Rallus virginianus 21, Recurvirostra americana 22. Galllnago delicata 23. Pisobia minutilla 24. Ereunetes mauri 25. Podasocys montanus 26. Archibuteo ferrugineus 27. Falco columbarius columbarius 28. Asio wilsonianus 29. Asio flammeus 30. Ceryle alcyon 31. Sphyrapicus varius nuchalis 32. Otocoris alpestris leucolaema 33. Agelaius phoeniceus fortis 34. Astragalinus lawrencei 35. Calcarius ornatus 36. Rhynchophanes mccowni 37. Passerculus sadwichensis alamtinus 38. Ammodramus bairdi 39. Zonotrichia leucophrys gambeli 40. Junco hyemalis hyemalis 41. Junco oreganus thurberi 42. Junco oreganus shufeldti 43. Junco mearnsi 44. Junco caniceps 45. Amphispiza nevadensis nevadensis 46. Melospiza melodia fallax 47. Melospiza lincolni lincolni 48. Passerella iliaca schistacea 49. Pipilo maculatus curtatus 50. Oreospiza chlorura 51. Calamospiza melanocorys 52. Bombycilla cedrorum 53. Geothlypis trichas occidentalis 54. Anthus rubescerts 55. Oreoscoptes montanus 56. Hylocichla guttata gutata 57. Hylocichla guttata nanus 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 8') Most of these are migratory species which spend the summer at varying dis- tances directly to the northward, and it is to be expected, of course, that they should occur in winter in this state. The occurrence of Junco o. thurberi and Hylocichla g. nanus is further evidence of the existence of a migration route across the deserts to the westward, as shown by the various Pacific Coast birds m- grating through Arizona. TRANSIENT SPECIES 10. 11. 13. 15. 1. Herodias egretta 2. Egretta candidissima candidissima 3. Steganopus tricolor 4. Himantopus mexicanus 5. Pisobia bairdi 6. Totanus melanoleucus 7. Helodromas solitarius cinnamomeus 8. Numenius americanus Aegialitis semipalmata Pandion haliaetus carolinensis Chaetura vauxi Selasphorus rufus Stellula calliope Empidonax hammondi Empidonax wrighti I6. Empidonax griseus I7. Spizella pallida 18. Passerina ciris 19. Spiza americana 20. Iridoprocne bicolor 21. Lanivireo solitarius cassini 22. Vermivora rubricapilla gutturalis 23. Vermivora celata lutescens 24. Dendroica aestiva brewsteri 25. Dendroica townsendi 26. Dendroica occidentalis 27. Seiurus noveboracensis notabilis 28. Wilsonia pusilia chryseola 29. Hylocichla ustulata ustulata 30. Hylocichla guttata slevini The thirty species listed above occnr, as far as we know, 1herely as migrants, passing through Arizona on their way to and from their breeding grounds, neither nesting nor wintering anywhere within the state. Twelve of these species spend the summer on the Pacific coast in California or farther north, and their abundance during the migrations indicates the presence of a well defined migra- tion route from southeast Arizona almost due xvestward and across the inter- vening deserts. These species are: Chaetura ,auxi, Selasphorus rufus, Stellula calliope, Empidonax hammondi, La.nivirco s. cassii, Vermivora r. gutturalis. P'ermivora c. lutescens, Dcndroica townsendi. Dendroica occidcntaIis. 14?ilsonia p. chryseoIa, Hylocichla u. ustulata. and Hvlocichla g. slevini. Five of the species li'sted breed in the far north, and pass through Arizona in the conrse of a direct north and south migration. These are: Pisobia bairdi, Totanus mclanoleucus, Hclodromas s. cinnamomcus. ,4egialitis semipalmata, 3eiurus n. ,otabilis. Fonr other species breeditg at nearer points north of Arizona. and hence following the same migration route through the state, are: ,teffanopus tricolor, Himantopus mcn'icaus. Nimcnits americanus, Dendroica a. brcwsteri. Spizella pallida, Passcrina ciris, and 3'piza americana are species from regions east of Arizona whose manner of occurrence, usually in the late summer, is apparently indicative of established migration routes. Of the remaining six species on the list of migrants, Herodias egretta, Egretta c. candidissima, Pandion h. carolinensis, Empidonax wrighti. Empidonax griseus, and [ridoprocne bicolor, it may be that some or all will be found breeding' within the state, but the data available at the present time shows their presence only during the period of migration. 9{) PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. SPECIES oF CASUAL OCCURRENCE 1. Gavia stellata 27. Melanerpe 5 erythrocephalus 2. Larus delawarensis 28. Calypte anna 3. Larus philadelphia 29. Selasphorus alleni 4. Sterna forsteri 30. Atthis heloisa morcomi 5. Sterna hirundo 31. Calothorax lucifer 6. Hydrochelidon nigra surinamensis 32. Uranomitra salvini 7. Pha[thon aethereus 33. Platypsaris aglaiae albiventris 8. Anhinga anhinga 34. Pica pica budsonia 9. Lophodytes cucullatus 35. Carpodacus purpureus californicus 10. Clangula clangula americana 36. Passerculus rostratu rostratus 11. Dendrocygna autumnalis 37. Spizella monticola ochracea 12. Ixobrychus exilis 38. Junco montanus 13. Railus levipes 39. Melospiza melodia merrilli 14. Coturnicops noveboracensis 40. Zamelodia ludoviciana 15. Ionornis martinicus 41. Passerlint versicolor pulchra 16. Lobipes lobatus 42. Bombycilla garrula 17. Macrorhamphus griseus scolopaceus 43. Lanius borealis 18. Pelidna alpina sakhalina 44. Vireosylva olivacea 19. Catoptrophorus semipalmatus inornatus 45. Protonotaria citrea 20. Bartramia longicauda 46. Dendroica coronata 21. Astur atricapillus atricapillus 47. Dendroica virens 22. Archibuteo lagopus sanctijohannis 48. Setophaga rutlcilla 23. Falco columbarius richardsoni 49. Toxostoma rufum 24. Rhynchopsitta pachyrhyncha 50. Nannus hiemalls pacificus 25. Crotophaga sulcirostris 51. Ilylocichla fuscescens salicicola 26. Ceryle americana septentrionalis That this list is of such length is undo.ubtedly largely due to the defective data at our command: and manv o.f the species included may prove to be of fairly com- mon, or at any rate regular, occurrence. at some season o.f the year. Of certain of them, however, the individuals taken were evidently beyond the normal bounds of the species. These are: [hathot acthcreus, t?alhts lcvipcs, Crotophaga sttlcirostris. Ucrylc a. septentrio,alis, 3Iela,crpes erythrocephal,s, Platypsaris a. alb(vetris, Za,elodia ltdovicia,a, Passeri'a v. p,lchra, Laits boreal;s, Fircosylva olivacea, Proto,otar'c citrca, Dc,droica '.;'ire,s, Setophag'a r, ticilla, To.vostoma rlt[lttl,, Yann,s h. paci/ic,s. Hylocichla f. salicicol,s. Each o.f the above is adm'itted to th state list of birds on the basis of the capture of at least one specimen. but it is not to be expected that the species prove to be of regular occurrence. Two others. Calypte aml aud elasphortts allcni, have occurred with sufficient frequency to have entitled them, perhaps. to a place in the category of migrants, but the present definition seems to best express their manner of occurreuce, late summer wanderers, and not travelers to a determined destination. SPECIES OOCURRINC IN 'FILE LOWER $(),rot.a_ ZoxI,: SUMMER VISITANT i. Melopelia a. trudeaui 10. Tangavius a. aeneus 2. Buteo a. sennetti 11. Icterus c. nelsoni 3. Buteo swainsoni '12. Peucaea botterii 4. Asturina plagiata 13. Peucaea cassini 5. Chordeiles a. texensis 14. Guiraca c. lazula 6. Tyrannus verticalis 15. Piranga r. cooperi '7. Myiarchus m. magister 16. Vireo b. arizonae 8. Empidonax t. trailli 17. Vermivora luciae 9. Camptostoma imberhe 18. Dendroiea a. sonorana ( r'....-, } \.,. -- LOWER SONORAN  UPPER SONORAN [-- TRANSITION LIFE ZONES OF ARIZONA 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 91 RESIDENT 1. Colinus ridgwayi . Otocoris a. adusta 2. Callipepla squamata 21. Otocoris a. pallida 3. Lophortyx gambeli 22. Corvus cryptoleucus 4. Chaemepelia p. pallescens 23. Molothrus a. obscurus 5. Scardafella inca. 24. Amphispiza b. deserticola 6. Parabuteo u. harrisi 25. Aimophila carpalis 7. Falco fusco-caerulescens 26. Melospiza m. saltonis 8. Polyborus cherlway 27. Pipilo aberti 9. Otus a. gilmani 28. Cardinalis c. superbus 10. Speotyto c. hypogaea 29. Pyrrhuloxia s. sinuata ll. Glaucidium phaloenoides 30. Phainopepla nitens 12. Micropallas whitneyi 31. Toxostoma c. palmcri 13. Geococcyx californianus 32. Toxostoma bendirei 14. Dryobates s. cactophilus 33. Toxostoma 1. lecontei 15. Centurus uropyglalis 34. Toxostoma crissale 16. Colapres c. mearnsi 35. Heleodytes b. couesi 17. Calypte costae 36. Auriparus f. flaviceps 18. Sayornis sayus 37. Polioptila plu;:abea 19. Pyrocephalus r. mexicanus The Lower Sonoran zone occupies a larger l)ortion of the state than any other of the faunal subdivisions. It includes the vast desert area of western Ari- zona. and extends as long, narroxv ribbons far up the valleys of the Gila River and its tributaries, and along the Colorado River to, and including, the desert 'of the Little Colorado River, in the northeastern corner of the state. In these Lower Sonoran valleys of Arizona many of the distinctive southwestern desert types attain their greatest development. The g'roup of thrashers is a good ex- ample of this class; while there are distinctive low zone species of (loves, quails, and xvoodpecker, several species of each, with great abundance of individuals. The various associations found within the Lower Sonoran zone present com- binations of species quite as distinctive as those inhabiting different zones. Among these may be mentioned the association of the mesquite-bordered streams, in which are found the White-xvinged Dove, Vermilion Flycatcher, Crissal Thrasher, Lucy Warbler, Sonoran Yellow Warbler and Verdin; that of the giant cactus, with the Sahuaro Screech Owl, Elf Owl, Gilded Flicker, and Arizona Crested Flycatcher; and that of the creosote and cholla cactus covered mesa, with the Black-throated Sparrow, Palmer, Bendire and Leconte thrashers, Cactus Wren, Plumbeous Gnatcatcher and Texas Nighthawk. These lists, of course, are not at all complete, but include merely some of the most conspicuous and typical birds of each association. The subject is deserving of careful study, such as cannot be attempted in this connection. and .hould include consideration of the mammals and reptiles of the regions as well as of the birds. Many of the correlations noted even in a cursory survey o.f the available data. are extremely interesting. SPECIES OCCURRING 1N TIlE UPPER ONORAN goNE SUMMER VISITANT 1. Cynanthus latirostris 4. Icterus parisorum 2. Myiarchus 1. olivascens 5. Vireosylva g. swainsoni 3. Myiochanes r. richardsoni 6. Vireo vicinior 92 I'ACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 RES1DENT 1. Otus a. cineraceus 7. Aimophila r. scotti 2. Dryobates arizonae 8. Vireo h. stephensi 3. Melanerpes f. aculeatus 9. Baeolophus i. griseus 4. Tyrannus vociferans I0. Baeolophus wollweberi 5. Aphelocoma woodhousei 11. Polioptila c. obscura 6. Aphelocoma s. arizonae The Upper Sonoran zone occupies a comparatively limited area in the state, and the list of birds confined to it solely is a short one. In southern Arizona this zone is in few places of greater width than is comprised in the belt of live-oak covered foothills between the higher mountains and the valleys below. Of the seventeen species listed as peculiar to this zone, eleven are preeminently birds of this live-oak association, as follows: Otts a. cineraceus, lryobatcs arionae, elanerpes [. acttleatus, 7'yrannus vociferans, Myiarchus I. olivascens, Apheto- coma woodhousei, Aphelocoma s. ar,i.z'oac, Firco h. stephcnsi, Baeolophus i. grieus, Baeolophus wollweberi, Polioptila c. obscura. Of the remaining six, Cynanthus latirostris, Myiocltaes r. richardsoni, anti Fireosylva g'. swainsoni are to a great extent denizens of the sycamores along the cation streams in the foothills, Icterus parisorum and Aimophila ru/ceps scottl frequent the agave and scrub-oak covered hillsides, while l,'ireo vicinior is in tbe denser brnsh of the same region. SPECIES IN THE TRANSITION ZONE, ,\IN-D Hi(;xt;R, ,o1{; NEARLY ]{I",LA.TED TO THE ROCKY .[½)UNTAIIX FAUNA TO Tk]E NORTItWARI) SUMMER VISITANT 1. Chordeiles v. henryi 8. Vermivora virginia 2. Nuttallornis borealis 9. Dendroica a. auduboni 3. Zonotrichia I. leucophrys 10. Dendroica gracie 4. Zamelodia m. melanocephala 11. Dendroica nigrescens 5. Piranga ludoviciana 12. Wilsonia p. pileolata 6. Tachycineta t. lepida 13. Hylocichla g. auduboni 7. Lanivireo s. plumbeus RESIDENT 1. Dendragapus o. obsurus 15. Loxia c. stricklaudi 2. Columba f. fasciata 16. Spinus pinus 3. Aquila chrysa[tos 17. Pipilo m. montanus 4. Strix o. huachucae 18. Troglodytes a. parkmani 5. Cryptoglaux a. acadica 19. Certhia f. montana 6. Glaucidium g. pinicola 20. Sitta canadensis 7. Dryobates v. leucothorectis 21. Sitta p. pygmaea 8. Picoides a. dorsalis 22. Penthestes g. gambeli 9. Sphyrapicus thyroideus 23. Regulus c. calendula 10. Cyanocitta s. diademata 24. Myadestes townsendi 11. Perisoreus c. capitalis 25. Planesticus m. propinquus 12. Nucifraga columbiana 26. Sialia nI. bairdi 13. Hesperiphona v. montana 27. Sialia currucoides 14. Carpodacus cassini 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 93 SPECIES IN THE TRANSITION ZONE A_NI) I-IIGHER, MORE NEARI.Y RELATE) TO T!tE MEXICAN PLATEAU FAUNA TO 'rliE SOUTHWARD. SUMMER VISITANT 1. Otus trichopsis 8. Myiochanes p. pallidiventris 2. Otus fiammeolus 9. Empidolmx f. pygmaeus 3. Trogon ambiguus 10. Piranga hepatica 4. Antrostomus v. macromystax 11. Dendroica a. nigrifrons 5. Eugenes fulgens 12. Setophaga picta 6. Cyanolaemus clemenci:e 13. Cardellina rubrifrons 7. Myiodynastes luteiventris' 14. Certhia . albescens RSIDNT 1. Cyrtonyx m. montezumae 4. Junco p. dorsalis 2. Mdeagris g. merriami 5. Peucedramus olivaccus 3. Junco p. palliatus 6. Penthestes sclateri Dividing the sixty species occurring in the Transition zone and higher into two groups we find that there are forty which are the same as, or closely related to, species occurring to the northward, in the Rocky Mountains or in the Sierra Nevada of California, and twenty which .re the same as, or most closely related to, Mexican forms. Many of the first mentioned group find their southern limit in northern m' central Arizona, some extend to southern Arizona, and abo,.:t half the list occur southward onto the plateau region of northern Mexico. A division of this group into summer visitants and residems results ,n thirteen of the former and twenty- seven of the latter. From these relative numbers it is evident that the birds of the high mountains of northern and central Arizona are mostly species at the southernmost extension of their range*, indicating, in fact, the southern limit of the Rocky Mountain avifauna. Now' turning to the species of Mexican affinities we find couditicns reverser', in that of the twenty forms listed, fm'..rteen are smimcr visitants. while only six are resident. These birds, of tropical derivation, are here at their northernmost limits, and but a small proportion of them can endure the winter climate of this latitude. Of the fourteen summer visitants all but one extend only into the south- ern half of Arizona, many of them bnt an extremely short distance north of the southern boundary of the state. A great difference in the bird life of the higher zones of northern and southern Arizona is that while in the former region a great part of the popula- tion is resident, in the latter most of the species depart during the winter months. The highest parts of the nqountains of southern Arizona are noticeably deficient of bird life in winter, and many of the birds seen at this time belong to species nesting farther north in th'e state, which occnr here in winter only. In general it may be said of the avifauna of the high mountains of Arizona, that'the ranges of the northern part of the state are more nearly like the Rocky Mountains to the northward, and the northern Sierra Nevada, while the southern mountain chains bear a somewhat closer resemblance to the mountains of south- ern California. In the northern and central parts of the state we find such species as Dendragapu. obscurus, Picoides a. dorsalis, Pcrisoreus c. capitalis, Zonotrichia 94 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA N. 10 leucophrys and Hylocichla g. auduboti. While the distinctive feature of the southern mountain chains is, of course, the strikingly large element of Mexican species, many of them distinctly subtropical, such as Cyrtonyx- m. mearnsi, Dry- obates ari, onae, Peucedramts olivaceus, Cardellina rubri[rons, Trogon ambi- .t,t, and the numerous species of hummingbirds, there are besides these, many others closely related to southern California forms. In this class may be men- tioned Stri.*' o. huach.tca.e, Melanerpes [. aculca.tus, ./limophila r. scotti, Pipilo [. mcsoletcus, Yireo h. stephensi, .fitta pygmaea, and Baeolophus i. gHseus. Of these the Strix, .4imophila, and Fireo are of peculiar interest, for although but slightly distinguished from their California relatives, the habitats of the Pacific Coast and Arizona representatives are so widely separated that there is no possi- bility of their joining at any point. These birds must be treated as subspecies rather than species on the ground oœ the slight degree of difference between the races, for they are resident wherever they occur, and from the manner in which they are isolated in comparatively limited areas of Upper Sonoran and Transition in the vast surrounding extent of Lower Sonoran desert, there is no possibility of continuity of range with their closest allies. To sum up, it thus appears that the bird life of the higher mountains of Ari- zona is a rather curious compo,site, oœ more northern Rocky Mountain forms ex- tending southward, and of the southern, Mexican plateau forms extending north- ward, the two faunas meeting, and to a certain extent interdigitating. Added to these are other species, probably of southern derivation, closely allied to Pacific Coast races but entirely isolated from them. Somewhat similar conclusions were reached by Mearns in a paper on the avifauna of the mountains of central Arizona (89 o, pp. 45-50), but with an assumption of more continuous connection of the Arizona mountains with the Sierras of central California than seems to exist. BIBLIOGRAPHY LIST OF PUBLICATIONS RELATING TO ..RIZONA ORNITHOLOGY The titles are arranged chronologically. Under each year the authors are entered in alphabetical order, and the works of each listed chronologically in or- der of publication. The brief explanatory notes appended aim to assist to a clear iqlea of the scope and char'cter of a book or paper when such is not apparent from the title, and also to call attention to any point of particular interest in con- nection with the present publication. 843. Gatnbel. W. Descriptions of some new and rare Birds of the Rocky Mountains and California. < Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., t, 843, pp. 259-262. x853. Woodhouse, S.W. Report of an Expedition down the Zuni and Colorado Rivers, by Captain L. Sitgreaves, Corps Topographical Engineers. _{ccom- partied by Maps, Sketches, Views, and Illustrations. Washington: Robert Armstrong, Public Printer. t853. 8vo, pp. -98, 77 pls., map. > Birds. By S. W. Woodhouse, M.D. Pp. 58-m5, pls. I, III-VI. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 95 7854. Baird, S.F. Descriptions of New Birds collected between Albuquerque, N.M., and San Francisco, California, during the Winter of 853-54 , by Dr. C. B. R. Kennerly and t-I. B. M611hausen, naturalists attached to the survey of the Pacific R. R. Route, under Lt. A. W. Whipple. < Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., June, 854, pp. I I8-2o. Cypselus ( : Aeronautes) melanoIeucus; Culicivora ( : Polioptila) plumbea, Psaltria ( - Psaltriparus) phmbeus; Carpodac;s cassini; Zonotrichia [allax (  Me- lospiza melodia faIlax); Pipilo mesoleucus; Centurus ropygialis; all described from localities in Arizona. 854. Heermann, A. L. Additions to North American Ornithology, with de- scriptions of new species of the genera Actidurus, Podiceps and Podylymbus. Part VI. Report on the Zoology of the Expedition. No. . Field Notes and Explanations. By C. B. R. Kennerly, M.D., Physician and Naturalist to the Expedition. PP. I-7. 858. Baird, S. F., Cassin, J., and Lawrence, G. N. Pacific Railroad Reports, Vol. IX, 858. Explorations and Surveys for a Railroad Route from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean. War Department. Birds: By Spen- cer F. Baird. Assistant Secretary Smithsonian Institution. With the co- operation of Jolm Cassin and George N. Lawrence. Washington, D.C., I858. Pp. i-lvi, -oo 5. 859. Baird, S.F. Report on the United States and Mexican Boundary Survey, made under the direction of the Secretary of the Interior, by William H. Emory, Major First Cavalry and United States Commissioner. Vol. II. Washington, 859. > Part II, Zoology of the Boundary. >Birds of the Boundary, by Spencer F. Baird. Pp. -32, 25 pls. 859. Heermann, A.L. Pacific Railroad Reports, Vol X, 859. > Route near the thirty-second parallel, from the Rio Grande to the Pimas Villages, etc. > No. . Report upon Birds collected on the Survey. By A. L. Heermann, M. D. Pp. 9-2o q- II, 3 pls. 859. Kennerly, C. B.R. Pacific Railroad Reports, Vol. X, 859. > Part V[. Route near the thirty-fifth parallel. explored by Lieutenant A. W. Whipple, topographical engineers, in t853 and 854. > no. 3. Report on Birds col- lected on the Route. PP. 9-35,  pls. 1'86. Baird, S.F. leport upon the Colorado River of the West, Explored in 857 and 858 by Lieutenant Joseph C. Ives, Corps of 'Popographical Engi- neers, Under the Direction of the Office of Explorations and Surveys, A. A. Humphreys, Captain 'I'opographical Engineers, in Charge. By Order of the Secretary of War. Washington: Government Printing Office. 86L > V. Zoology. By Professor S. F. Baird. Pp. -6. > List of Birds collected on the Colorado Expedition. Pp. 5-6. 96 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 I86r. Cooper, J. G. New California Animals. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 97 t87o. Cooper, J. G. Geological Survey of California. J. D. Whitney, State Geologist. Ornithology. Volume I. Land Birds. Edited by S. F. Baird, from the Manuscript and Notes of J. G. Cooper. Published by Authority of the Legislature. Pp. i-xi, -592, many figs. Many observations from the vicinity of Fort Mohave, Arizona. t87. Coues, E. The Long-crested Jay. < American Naturalist, V, 87, pp. 77o775,  fig. Life history and habits as observed in northern Arizona. 872a. Cou'es, E. A New Bird to the United States. ( American Naturalist, VI, 872 , p. 37 ¸. Glaucidion [errugineum (  Glaucidium phaloenoides) taken near Tucson. 872b. Coues, E. The Nest, Eggs, and Breeding Habits of Harporhynchus cris- salis. ( American Naturalist, VI, 872, pp. 37o-37 . Near Tucson. 872c. Coues, E. Nest and Eggs of Heh-.;inthophaga Luciae. . American Naturalist, VI, 872, p. 493- Nest and eggs, supposed to be of this species, from the vicinity of Tucson. 872d. Coues, E. Occurrence of Couch's Flycatcher in the United State. ( American Naturalist, VI, t872, p. 493. 872e. Coues, E. Observations on Picicor. ws cohtml,iamts. < Ibis, 872 , pp. 52-59 ß 872f. Coues, E. Key to North American Birds, Containing a Concise Account of Every Species of Living anT1 Fossil Bird 3t Present Known from the Con- tinent North of the Mexican and United States Boundary. 1!lustratefi by 6 Steel Plates and Upwards of -050 Woodcnts. Salem: Naturalists' Agency. New 'York: Dodd and Mead. Boston: Estes and Lauriat. 872. PP. 4. t-36t, pls. I-VI, figs. -238. Contains original descriptions of Spizella socialis var. arizonae, type from Fort Whipple, Arizona, and Harporhynchus curvirostris var. paleri, type from Tucson, Arizona. 872. Ridgway, R. On the Occurrence of Setophaga picta in Arizona. < Am- erican Naturalist, VI, t872, p. 436. Near Tucson. 873. Ben,3ire. C. Nest, Eggs and Breeding Habits of the Vermilion Fly- catcher (Pyrocephalts rtbinets var. Mexicamts). < American Naturalist, VII, 873, PP. 7o-7 . As observed in southern Arizona. t873. Brewer, '['. M. Description of some Nests and Eggs of Arizona Birds. PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 1873. Coues, E. Some United States Bircis, New to Science, and other things Ornithological. < American Xaturalist, VII, 873 , pp. 32-33, figs. 65- 70. Original descriptions of Peucaea carpalls and Harporhynchus bendirei, taken near Tucson. i874. Coues, E. Birds of the Northwest: A Hand-book of the Ornithology of the Region Drained by the Missouri River and its Tributaries. Miscel- laneous Publications No. 3. U.S. Geol. Surv. of the Terr. Washington: 874 , 8vo, pp. i-xi, 1-79. 874. Henshaw, H. W. On a Hummingbird new to our Fauna, with certain other facts ornithological. < American Naturalist, VIII, 874, pp. 24-243. Eugenes fulgens taken at Camp Grant; Centronyx Bai-di found abundantly in southern Arizona in the fall. 874. Yarrow, t-I. C., and Hensl;aw, If. W. Report upon Ornithological Speci- mens collected in the years 87, 872, and 873. < Geog. Surv. West iooth Merid. by George M. Wheeler, I874, pp. -48. 874. Ridgway, R. Two Rare Owls from Arizona. < American Naturalist, VII, 874, pp. 239-240. Xyrnium occideutale (  Xh'iw occideutalis huachucac), the second known speci-. men, and Micrathene whitneyi ( = Micropallas whitneyi), the fourth known specimen. 875 a. Henshaw, H. W. Annual Report Geol. Surv. West ooth Merid. by George M. Wheeler ..... Appendix LL of the Annual Report Chief of En- gineers for 875. 8vo., pp. i-iv, -96, pls. I-IX, maps, figs. > App. I, 12, pp. 39-66. > "Notes upon the ornithology of the regions traversed", pp. 49-I5O; "Annotated list of the birds of Arizona", pp. 53-66. The list of the birds includes 294 species (erroneously numbered 291). Of these tvelve are now considered not to occur in Arizona, leaving 282 species, as compared with 362 now accredited to the state. 875b. Henshaxv, H. \V. Report upon the Ornithological Collections made in portions of Nevada, Utah, California, Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona, during the years 87r, x872, r873, and 874. :=Rep. Geog. Surv. West xooth Merid. by George M. Wheeler, 875, vol. V, chapter Itl, pp. 2o, 3t- 5o 7, 977-989, pls. I-XV. 877. Lawrence, G. N. Note on Doricha enicura (l?ieill.). < Bull. Nuttall Orn. Club, II, x877, pp. xo8-1o9. The specimen of bummingbird from Arizona recorded by Henshaw (1875a, p. 162) as Doricha e:t, icura proves to be a female of Calothorax lucifer. 877. Sharpe, R.B. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum. ,('ollomorphae, Containing the Families Corvidae, Paradiseidac, Oriolidae, Dicruridae, and Prionopidae. :Cat. Birds, III, 877 , pp. i-xiii, -343, pls. I-XIV, many figs. in text. 878. Brewer, 'l.'. M. Notes on Junto eauJeeps aud the Closely Allied Forms.  Bull. Nuttall Orn. Club, III, 878, pp. 72-75 . Contains descriptions of the eggs of Jmco cinereu.v (  Junto Phaeonotus palliatusX and Junto dorsalis (  Junco phaeonotus dorsalis) from Arizona. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 99 t878. Coues, E. Birds of the Colorado Valley. A repository of Scientific and Popular Information concerning North American Ornithology. = Miscel- laneous Publications No. . U.S. Geol. Surv. of the Terr. Washington, 878. 8vo., pp. i-xvi, -8o7, 66 figs. in text. 1878. Stephens, F. Notes on a few Birds observed in New Mexico and Arizona in 876. < Bull. Nuttall Orn. Club, III, 878, pp. 92-94 . Observations on twenty species, generally without exact localities given. Mr. Stephens has informed me that the region covered was in the vicinity of Fort Bayard, New Mexico, and in southeastern Arizona (Fort Bowie, San Pedro River, and Tucson). 1879a. Brewer, T. M. The'Cow-Blackbird of Texas and Arizona (Molothrus obscurus). < Bull. Nuttall Orn. Club, IV, x879 , p. x23. Regarding the size of the eggs. 1879b. Brewer, T.M. Notes on the Nests and Eggs of the Eight North Am erican Species of Empidonaces. < Proc. U.S. Nation. Mus., II, I879 , pp. I-IO. E. 'obscurus from Arizona, but the identification is questionable. 188xa. Brewster, W. Notes on Some Birds from Arizona and New Mexico, with a Description of a Supposed New Whip-poor-will. < Bull. Nuttall Orn. Club, VI, 88x, pp. 65-73. Seventeen species mentioned. 1881b. Brewster, W. On the Affinities of Certain PolioptiIae, with a Descrip- tion of a New Species. < Bull. Nuttall Orn. Club, VI, 881, pp. o1-o7. Polioptila plumbca and P. inelamtra shown to be the same species, while the Cali- fornia bird is described under the name of Polioptila californica. I88c. Brewster, W. Additions to the Avi-fauna of the United States. < Bull. Nuttall Orn. Club, VI, x88, p. 252. Parus meridionalis (  Penthestes sclateri) from the Chiricahua Mountains; Myiarchus cooperi ( -- Myiarchus magister magister) from Fort Lowell; and Myi- archus lawrencei (  M. I. olivacens) from the Santa Rita Mountains. r88. Bryant, W. E. Nest and Eggs of the Painted Flycatcher (3'etophaga pic'ta). < Bull. Nuttall Orn. Club, VI, x88, pp. 76-77. Descriptions of nests and eggs taken by Mr. Herbert Brown in the Santa Rita Mountains in June, 1880. x88a. Coues, E. A Curious Colaptes. < Bull. Nuttall Orn. Club, VI, x88, p. 83. r$Sxb. Coues, E. Probable Occurrence of Sarcorhamphus papa in Arizona. < Bull. Nuttall Orn. Club, VI, x88x, p. 248. A pair of birds supposed to be of this species, killed on the Verde River, but not preserved. 881a. Holterhoff, E., Jr. A Collector's Notes on the Breeding of a Few West- ern Birds. < American Naturalist, XV, 188I, pp. 208-219. Accounts of several species from Tucson, and westward to Los Angeles. x88tb. Holterhoff, G. Verdin or Yellow Headed 'Titmouse. (Paroides fIavi- ceps (Baird)). < Ornithologist and Oologist, VI, 1881, p. 27. Breeding habits, as observed on the Colorado River, and at Tucson, Arizona. PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. I0 88'. Wood, W. California Pigmy Oxvl (Glattcidium gnoma). 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 1{11 7884. Grinnell, G.B. A Quail new to the United States Fauna. <' Forest and Stream, XXII, 884, p. 243. Imperfect specimens collected by Herbert Brown ("An almost complete skin of a female bird, and portions of the wing, breast and tail of a male") identified by Ridg- way as Ortyx graysoni. 884a. Ridgway, R. Orty.v z,irgin;anus not in Arizona.  Forest and Stream, XXII, .884, p. 124. Refers to the note published in the preceding number of the same paper (see Brown. 1884, p. 104). The bird is presumed to bc Cyrtonyx massena, or else "one of the Mexican species of Ortyx (perhaps O. Graysoni)." 1884b. Ridgway, R. Descriptions of Some New North American Birds. <: Proc. Biol. Soc. \Vash., If, 1884, pp. g9-95. Includes original descriptions of Myiarchus mexicauus magister and Myiarchus l,:wrencei olivascens. 884c. Ridgway, R. Remarks on the Type Specimens of Mu.scicapa fulvifrons, Giraud, and Mitrephorus pallescens, Coues. <: Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., I[, 1884, pp. lO8-11o. 885a. Brewster, W. Preliminary Notes on Some Birds Obtained Jn Arizoa hy Mr. F. Stephens in 884. <: Auk. II, 1885. pp. 84-85. 885b. Brewster, W. Additional Notes on Some Birds Collected in Arizona and the Adjoining Province of Sonora. Mexico, by Mr. F. Stephens in 884: xvith a Description of a New Species of (')rtvx. <'. Auk, ll, 885, pp. 196- 200. Notes ou nineteen species; contains the original description of Colinus ridgwayi. 885a. Brown, H. Peculiar Eggs of Scops Trichopsis. < Ornithologist and Oologist. X, 885, p. 96. Description of a set of blotched eggs of Scops lrichopsis ( : Otus a.to gilmani); considered as possibly the result of hyhridism between that species and Falco spar- verius.' 1885b. Brown, l-[. Arizona Bird Notes. <: Forest and Stream, XXIV, 1885 , p. 367. 885 c. Brown, H. Arizona Quail Notes. <: Forest and Stream. XXV, 88 S. P. 445. Deals chiefly with Colinus ridgwayi, now considered as the bird previously identi fled by Ridgway as Ortyx grayxoni. Detailed account of habits, distribution, etc. 885a. Ridgway, R. Icterus cucullatus, Swainson, and its Geographical Varia- tions. <: Proc. U.S. Nation. Mus., VIII, 885, pp. 18-x 9. Contains the original description of Icterus cucullatus nelsoni, type locality Tucson, Arizona. 1885b. Ridgway. R. Some Emended Names of North American Birds. <: Proc. U.S. Na, tion. Mus., VIII, 885, pp. 354-356- 885c. Ridgway, R. Description of a New Cardinal Grosbeak from Arizona. <: Auk, II, 885, pp. 343-345. Cardinalis cardinalis superbus, new subspecies, type locality near Fort Lowell.' 102 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 885 d. Ridgway, R. On Junco cinereus (Sxvains.) and its Geographical Races. < Auk, II, I885, pp. 363-364. 885a. Scott, W. E.D. On the Breeding }tabits of Some Arizona Birds. First Paper. Icterus parisorum. < Auk, I'[, 885, pp. -7. Second Paper. Ic- teruscucullatus. Pp. 159-65. Third Paper. Phainopeplanitens. Pp. 242- 246. Fourth Paper. Firco vicinior. Pp. 32-326. As observed in the vicinity of Tucson and in the Santa Catalina Mountains. 885 b. Scott, W. E. D. Winter Mountain Notes from Southern Arizona. < Auk, II. 885, pp. 72-74 . Running account of the birds seen at the summit of the Santa Catalina Mountains, November 26 to 29, 1884. 885c. Scott, W. E. D. Early Spring Notes from the Mountaius of Southern Arizona. < Auk, II, 1885, pp. 348-356. Birds seen in the Santa Catalina Mountains, April 19 to 24, 1885. 885 d. Scott, W. E.D. A Mule Bird. < Forest and Stream, XXIII, 885, p. 484. Hybrid between Colaptes cafer collaris and CoIaptes chrysoides mcarsi. (Origin- ally published in the "Arizona Daily Star", Tucson, Dec. 16, 1884.) 885. Sharpe, R. B. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum. Fringilliformes: Part t. Containing the Families Dicaeidae, Elirundinidae, Ampelidae, Mniotiltidae, and Motacillidae. =Cat. Birds, X, t885, pp. i-xiii, -682, pls. I-XII, figs. 1885. Stephens, F. Notes on an Ornithological Trip in Arizona and Sonora. < Auk, II, 885, pp. 225-231. Running account of birds seen in the valley of the Santa Cruz River, from Tuc- son southward, in August, 1884. 886a. Allen, J.A. The Masked Bob-white (Colinus ridgwayi) of Arizona, and its Allies. < Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., I, 886, pp. 273-290,  pl. Complete history of the species up to date. Habits, distribution, bibliography, etc. 1886b. Allen, J. A. The Masked Bob-white (Colinus ridgwayi) in Arizona. < Auk, III. 886, pp. 275-276. Thirteen specimens from Barboquiviri Mountain. 886c. Allen, J.A. The Tyl)e Specimen of Colinus ridgwayi. < Auk, III, 1886. P. 483. A brief note stating that the type is in the collection of G. F. Moreore. 886. Hargitt, E. Notes on Woodpeckers. On a new Species from Arizona. < Ibis, 1886, pp. 12-5. Contains the original description of Picus arizonae (  Dryobates arizonae), type from the Santa Rita Mountains. 886a. Mearns, E.A. Some Birds of Arizona. < Auk, III, 1886, pp. 60-73. Buteo abbreviatus and Urubitinga onthracina breeding in central Arizona. Descrip- tions of adults and young, habits, etc. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 103 886b. Mearns, E.A. Some Birds of Arizona. < Auk, III, 886, pp. 289-3o 7. Crissal and Leconte thrashers, as observed in Arizona. T886. Parker,-H. G. Nest and eggs of the Plumbeous Gnatcatcher. < Orni- thologist and Oologist, XI, April, 886, p. 54- Pol[optila plumbca breeding in Pinal County, Arizona. 886. Ridgway. R. Arizona Quail. < Forest and Stream, XXV, 886. p. 484. Mr. Ridgway does not think "that Mr. Brown has demonstrated the specific identity of Colinus ridgwayi Brewst. and the pair cf birds I identified as O't3,x Oow Colinus) graysoni Lawr." 886. Sclater, P.L. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum. Fringilli./ormes: Part II. Containing Families Coerebidae, Tanagridae, and lcteridae.  Cat. Birds, XI, T886, pp. i-xvii, 1-43, pls. I-XVIII, many figs. 886. Scott, W. E. D. On the Breeding Habits of Some Arizona Birds. < Auk, III, 886, pp. 81-86. Aphelocoma sieberli arizonae, Peucaea rulceps boucardi (  Aimophila ruiiccps scotti), and Lophophanes wollwebe'i ( -- Baeolophus wollwcberi) in the Santa Catalina Mountains. 886-1888. Sco.tt, W. E.D. On the Avi-Fatma of Pinal County, with Remarks on Some Birds of Pima and Gila Counties, Arizona. With annotations by J. A. Allen. < Auk, II[, 1886, pp. 249-258, 383--389. 421-432; IV. 887, pp. I6-24, 196-2o5; V, 1888, pp. 29-36, t59-t68. Two hundred m*d fort?six species listed, with extensive annotations. 887. Allen, J. A. A Further Note on Colinus ridgwayi. < Auk, IV, t887, PP. 74-75. t887. Bendire, C. E. Notes on a Collection of Birds' Nests and Eggs from Southern Arizona Territory. < l>roc. U.S. Nation. Mus., X, t887, pp. 551-558. 1887a. Brewster, W. Three New Forms of North American Birds. < Auk. IV, 1887, pp. 145-149. Contains the original description of Phalacnoptilus mttalli itidus; Arizona ex amples mentioned. 887b. Brewster, W. Further Notes on the Masked Bob-white ((,'olinits ridg;- wayi). ( Auk, IV, I887, pp. I59-I6o. Found commonly in northern Sonora, Mexico. Habits, etc. 1887. Brown, H. Arizona Bird Notes. < Forest and Stream. XXVII, 8B7, p. 464. 1887 . Morcom, G. F. Notes on the Birds of Southern California and South- western Arizona. < Ridg-way Orn. Club, Bull. No. 2. 1887, pp. 36-57 . The Arizona obserwttios .'.ire of a few species from the vicinity of Yuma. 1887 . Parker, H. G. Notes on the Eggs of the Thrushes and Thrashers. < Ornithologist and Oologist, XII, 887, pp. 69-73- Includes descriptions of some Arizona 'specimens. 104 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 887a. Ridgway, R. The Coppery-tailed Trogon (Trogon ambiguus) breeding in Southern Arizona. < Auk, IV, 887, pp. 6t-62. In the Huachuca Mountains. 887b. Ridgway, R. Trogon ambiguus breeding in Arizona. < Proc. U.S. Xation. 3,'Ius., X, 887, p. 47. In the Huachuca Mountains. t887c. Ridgway, R. Description of a new Psaltriparus from Southern Arizona. < Proc. U.S. /flation. },{us., X, 887, p. 697. Psaltriparus santarœtac, type locality Santa Rita Mo.untains ( : œsaltripars plumbeus in juveual plumage). 888. Bendire, C.E. Notes on the Habits, Xests and Eggs of the Genus Glat- cidium Boie. < Auk, V, 888, pp. 366-372. lucluding an account of G. phalocnoides, as observed in southern Arizoua. 888a. Brown, H. Ionornis martinica in Arizona. < Auk, V, 888, p. o 9. One specimen, Tucson, October 20, 1887. 888b. 'Broxvn, H. On the Nesting of Palmer's Thrasher. < Auk, V, 888, pp. 6-I8. In southern Arizoma 888a. Price, W.W. Nesting of the Red-faced Warbler (Cardellina rubrifrons) in the Huachuca Mountains, Sonthern Arizona. < Auk, V, 888, pp. 385- 386. ]888b. Price, ¾V. ¾V. Xantus's Becard (Platyparis albiventris) in the Huachnca Mountains, Southern Arizona. < Auk. V, 888, p. 425. One specimen, an adult male, June 20, 1888. 888. Sharpe, R. B. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum. Fringilliformes: Part ]]I. Containing the Family Fringfllidae. =:- Cat. Birds XII, t888, pp. i-xv, -87 , pls. I- XVI, many figs. 888. Sennerr, G. B. Notes on the Peucaea r, tficeps Group. with Description of a New Subspecies.  Auk, V, 888, pp. 40-42. Peucaea rulceps scottii, new subspecies, described from Pinal County, Arizona, 888a. Swinbnrne, J. Breeding of the Evening Grosbeak (Coccothraustes ves- pertina) in tbe White Mountains of Arizona. < Auk, V, t888 pp. t3-4. 7888b. Swinburne, J. Occurrence of the Chestnut-collared Longspur (Cal- carits ormitts) and also of Maccown's Long'spur (l?hy,copha,es maccow,ii) in Apache Co., Arizona. < Auk, V, 888. pp. 32-322. t889. Allen, J.A. Note on the First Phmnage of Colinus ridgwayi. < Auk, V[, t889, p. 89. Description of a young male taken at Tubal (70 miles sonth of Tucson), October 10, 1888. 889. Coues, E. [A New Generic Name for the Elf Owl.] < Auk, VI, 889, P. 7. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 10.5 889a. X[orris]., J.P. A Series of Eggs of Ilendire's Thrasher. < Ornitholo- gist and Oologist, XIV, 889. pp. 23-2 5. Detailed descriptions of twenty-nine uests and sets of eggs, all from southern Arizona (Pima and Pinal counties). 889b. N[orris]., J.P. Eggs of the Mexican Ground Dove. < Ornithologist and Oologist, XIV, 889, pp. 59-6o. Taken near Tucson. 89o. Bendire, C.E. Notes on Pipilo fitStitS mcsoletctts and Pipilo abcrti, their Habits, Nests and Eggs. < Auk, VII, 89 ¸, pp. 22-29. 89o. Brewster, W. A New Subspecies of the Solitary Sandpiper. < Auk. VII, 89o , pp. 377-379. 89o. Dvight. J., Jr. Tile Horned Larks of North America. < Auk, VII. 89o, pp. 38-58,  pl. Contains the original description of Otocoris alpestris adusta, type locality Fort Huachuca, Arizona. 89o. Hargitt, E. Catalogue of the Picariae in the Collection of the British Museum. Scanso.res, contaiuing the Family Picidae. = Cat. Birds, XVIII, 89o, pp. i-xv, -5c)7, pls. I-XV, many figs. 89oa. Mearns, E. A. Observatious on the Avifauna of Portions of Arizona. < Auk, VII. 89 ¸, pp. 45-55, 251-264- Annotated list of species from the high mountains of central Arizona. 89ob. Mearus, E. A. Descriptions of a New Species and Three New Sub- species of Birds from Arizona. < Auk, VII. 89o, pp. 243-25. Junco ridgwayi, type locality Fort Whipple, Spinus tristis pallldus, Fort Verde, and .gelaerpes formicivorus aculcatus, Squaw Peak, central Arizona. t89o. Merriam. C. H. Annotated List of Birds o.f the San Francisco Moun- tain Plateau and the Desert of the Little Colorado River, Arizona. < North American Fauna No. 3. 89 ø. PP- 87 -IøI. Birds observed at the Craud Canyon of the Colorado are listed on pp. 38-41. 89o. N[orris].,J. P. A Series of Eggs of Palmer's Thrasher. < Ornitholo.- gist and Oologist, XV, 89o, pp. I54-56. Descriptions of twenty-one nests and sets of eggs, all from the vicinity of Tucson, Arizona. 189oa. Poling, O. C'. The Presence of McCown's and the Chestnut-collared Lougspur in So.uthern Arizona. Near the Mexican Border. 106 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 t _89od. Poling, O. C. Notes on Ettgenes/ulgens. < Auk, VII, t89 o, pp. 4o2 - 403. As observed in the Huachuca .Mountains. 1890. Sharpe, R. B. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum. Sturniformes, Containing the Families Artamidae, Sturnidae, Ploceidae, Alaudidae. Also the Families Atrichiidae and Menuridae.  Cat. Birds, XIII, 89 o, pp. i-xvi, I-7o, pls. I-XV, many figs. 89 o. White, tt. g. Geographical Variation of Eggs. < Ornithologist and Oologist, XV, 89o , pp. -4- Descriptions of several sets of eggs from points in Arizona. 89. Anthony. A.W. Notes on the Cactus Wren. < Zoe, II, I89, pp. 33- 34. Comparison of nesting habits in southern California and in New Mexico and Arizona. 89. Ladd, S. B. Description of the Nests and Eggs of Dendroica graciae and Contopus pertina.v. < Auk, VIII, 89, pp. 34-35 . From Yavapai County, Arizona. 89. P'oling, O. C. Groove-billed Ani (Crotophaga sulcirostris) in Arizona. < Auk, VIII, 89, pp. 33-34 . A specimen taken in the Huachuca Motretains in May, 1888. r89. Sclater, P. L., and Shelley, G.E. Catalogue of the Picariae in the Col- lection of the British Museum. Scansores and Coccyges, Containing the Families Rhamphastidae, Galbulidae, and Bucconidae, by P. L. Sclater, and the Families Indicatoridae, Capitonidae, Ct:culidae, .and Musophagidae, by G. E. Shelley.  Cat. Birds. XIX, 89, pp. i-xii, -484, pls. I-XIII. 892. Bendire, C. Life Histories of North American Birds with special refer- ence to Their Breeding }fahits and Eggs, with Twelve Lithographic Plates. =- Special Bulletin No. , U.S. Nation. Mt, s. Washington: 892. Pp. i-viii.  -446. 892. Brown, H. The Habits and Nesting of Palmer's Thrasher. (Harpo- rhynchus curvirostris palmeri.) < Zoe, III, 892, pp. 243-248. x892a. p. 892b. p. 892. M. I892. Coues, E. Wintering of the Canvasback in Arizona. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 107 1892. Mearns, E.A. A Study of the Sparroxv Hawks (Subgenus Tinmmc.dus) of America, with Especial Reference to the Continental Species (Falco sparverius Linn.) ( Auk, IX, 1892, pp. 252-270. Contains the original description of Falco sparverius desc'iicolus, lype locality Fort Verde, Arizona. I892. Pember, F. T. Collecting in the Gila Valley. < Wilson Quarterly, IV, PP. -9, 49-54. A narrative account of the birds in the vicinity of Gila Bend, of considerable in terest, though unforttmately none but the Eugllsh names of birds are used. Of especial note is the description of the nesting of the Mexican Goshawk, this being the westernmost record of the species in Arizona. 892. Rhoads, S. N. The Birds of Southeastern Texas and Southern Arizona Observed during May, June, and July, 891. < Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1892, pp. 99-26. Arizona localities visited were Tucson, Santa Catalina Mountains, "Santa Clara River" ( --- Santa Cruz River ?), and Oracle. 1892. Salvin, O., and Hartert, E. ,Catalogue of the Picariae in the Collection of the British Museum. Upupae and Trochili by Osbert Salvin. Coraciae, of the Families Cypselidae, Caprimulgidae, Podargidae, and Steatornithidae, by Ernst Hartert. : Cat. Birds, XVI, 1892, pp. i-xvi, -7o 3, pls. T-XIV. I893. Allen, J. A. List of Mammals and Birds collected in No,rtheastern So- nora and Northwestern Chihuahua, Mexico, on the Lumholtz Archaeological Expedition, 189o-92.  Brill. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., V, 1893, pp. 27-42. Some specimens collected near Bisbee, Arizona. 893a. Fisher, A.K. The Hawks and Owls of the United States in their Rela- tion to Agriculture. = U.S. Dept. Agric., Div. Orn. and Main., Bull. No. 3, PP. I-2o, pls. -26. I893b. Fisher, A. K. Report on the Ornithology of the Death Valley Expedi- tion of 1891, comprising Notes on the Birds Observed in Southern California, Southern Nevada, and Parts of Arizona and Utah. < North American Fauna No. 7, 1893, PP. 7-158. Contains notes on species seen in extreme northwestern Arizona. 1893. Hasbrouck, E. M. The Geographical Distribution of the Genus Mega- scops in North America. < Auk, X, 1891, pp. 250-264, pl. VI, a, b (distri- bution maps). 893. Ogilvie-Grant, W. R. Catalogue of tbe Game Birds (Pterocletes, Gal- linae, Opisthocomi, Hemipodii) in the Collection of the British Museum. = Cat. Birds, XXII, 1893, pp. i-xvi, 1-585, pls. I-VIII. 1893. Salvadori, T. Catalogue of the Columbae, or Pigeons, in the Collection of the British Museun'..  Cat. Birds, XXI, 1893 , pp. 1-xvii, 1-676, pls, I-XV. 894. Coale, H. K. Ornithological Notes on a Flying Trip Through Kansas, New Mexico, Arizona and Texas. < Auk, XI. 1894, pp. 215-222. Includes brief notes on the birds seen at Forts Verde, Whipple, Mohave, Lowell, Huachuca. (;rant, and Thomas, and at San Carlos. 108 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 894. Fisher, A. K. The Capture of Basilirma lettcotis in Southern Arizona. % Auk, XI, I894, pp. 325-326. One specimen taken in the Chiricahua Mouutains, June 9, 1894. Thc first record for the United States. 894. Ridgway, R. On Geographical 'Variatio in 3¾alia ,mexicaa Swainson. < Auk, XI, i894, pp. 45-I6O. Contains the original description of 2;iali, mexicana bairdi, type locality "Camp 110, New Mexico" (  Cactus Pass, near Kingman, Arizona). 1895. Bendire, C. Life Histories of Xorth American Birds, from the Parrots to the Grackles, with special reference to Their Breeding Habits and Eggs. With Seven Lithographic Plates. Special Bulletin No. 3, U.S. Nat. Mus. Washington: t895, pp. i-ix, 1-58. 895. Mearns, E.A. Description of a New Heron (qrdea virescens a.nthonyi I from the Arid Region of the Interior of North America. % Auk, XII, t895, pp. 257-259. I895. Merriam, C. H. The Leconte Thrasher, Iqarporhynchus lecontei. % Auk, XII, 895, pp. 54-60, I pl., I fig. Distribution, breeding' habits, etc. 895. Price, W. W. The Nest and Eggs of the Olive Warbler. (Dendroica olivacea). < Auk, XII, I895, pp. 17-I 9. General account of the species xs observed in Arizona. 'Breeding' habits, nest and eggs, distribution, etc. r m t895. Ridgway, R. On the Correct Subspecific Na es of the Texan and Mexi- can Screech Owls. < Auk, XI[, I895, pp. 389-39 o. 896. Saunders, Ii., and Salvin, O. Catalogue of the Gaviae and Tubinares iu the Collection o.f the British Museuln. Gaviae (Terns, Gulls, and Skuas) by Howard Saunders. Tubinares (Petrels and Albatrosses) by Osbert Salvin.  ,Cat. Birds, XXV, t896, pp. i-xv, -475, pls. I-VIII, figs. 896. Sharpe, R.B. Catalogue of the Limicolae in the Collection of the Brit- sh Museuln. = Cat. Birds, XXIV, t896, pp. i-xii, -794, pls. I-VII, many figs. t897a. Breninger, G. F. A roosting method of the Inca clove. % Osprey, I, I897, p. I x I. At Phoenix, Arizona. 897b. Breninger, G. F. An unusual nesting site. % Osprey, [, 1897, p 122. Six eggs of the Gambei quail "deposited in a hollow of a Mesquite tree, several feet from the grinrod. and probably eighteen inches from_ the opening of the cavity". 897c. Breninger, G.F. An albino green-tailed towhoe. < Osprey, I, 897, P. x37. At Phoenix, Arizona. t897d. Breninger, G. F. .Coues Flycatcher. % Osprey, II, 1897, p. 12. In the Huachnca Mountains, Arizona. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 109 897e. Breninger, G. F. Nocturnal Flights of the Turkey Vulture. % Osprey, II, 897, pp. 54-55. A roost at San Andreas Cauyon, thirty' miles southwest of Tucson. 898a. Breninger, G. F. Barn Swallows in southern Arizoua. % Osprey, II, 898, p. 7. Breeding at Elgin, Smta Cruz County, Arizoua. 898b. Breninger, G . F. The ferruginous pygmy owl. % Osprey, II, 898, p. 28,  fig. As observed on the Gila and Salt rivers. 898c. Breninger, G. F. Hybridization of Flickers. % Osprey, [II, 898, p. 2' 3. Supposed hybrids between Colaptex chryxoides and C. auratux and between C. chryxoidcs and C. caret, from southern Arizona. 898. Brewster, W. Occurrence of the Spotted Screech Owl (Mcgascops as- persus) in Arizona. % Auk, XV, i898, p. I86. Two specimens of Megascops aspcrsux ( -- Otus trichopsis [Waglet]). taken in the Huachuca Mountains, Arizona. on August 10. 1891, and June 20, 1895, respectively. 898. Oberholser, H. C. A Revision of the ¾Vrens of the Genus Thrvomaneq Sclater. % Proc. U.S. NUtion. Mus., XXI, i898, pp. 421-45o. 898a. Ridgway, R. Descriptions of Supposed Nexv Genera, Species, and Sub- species of American Birds. I. Fringillidae. % Auk, XV, 898, pp. 223-230. Contains the description of .4mphispi.:a bilitertta dcserticola, type locality Tucsq, Arizona. I898.b. Ridgway, R. Description of a New Species of ttummingbird from Arizona. %Auk, XV, I898, pp. 325-326. ,4tth;s morcomi, type locality Huachuca Mouutains, Arizona. 898. Willard. F. C. Quails going to roost. % Osprey, lI. 1898, p. 34. Callipeplrt squamata. as observed near Tombstone. 899a. Breninger, G. F. Gambel's Quail. <' Osprey. Ill, t899, pp. 84. 85, 2 figs. As observed in southern Arizona. 899b. Breninger, G. F. A Nest of the Blue-throated Hummingbird. cos- prey, III, 899 , p. 86. A nest with eggs of Coeligcna clcmctcittc taken in the Huachuca Mountains in June, 1897. 899c. Breninger, G. F. \h;hite-tailed Hawk in Arizona. % Auk. XVI, 899, t ). 352. Specimens of Buteo albicaudattx scntetti taken between Florence and Red Rock, where breeding, and at Phoenix. 899 a. Brown, H. The Scarlet Ibis ('Guara ru. bra) in Arizona. % Auk, XVI, 899, p. 27o. A flock, supposed to be of this species, seen near Fort Loxvell, September 17, 1890. 899b. Brown, H. The California Vulture in Arizona. % Auk, XVI, 899, p. 272. 110 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 1899. Henninger, W. F. Note of the Spotted Screech Owl (Megascopx tri.- chopsis). < Osprey, IV, 1899, p. 29. Ah adult male taken in the Huachuca Mountains, May 27, 1899. 899a. Howard, O.W. Summer Resident Warblers of Arizona. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 111 I9OO. Smith, P.W. Nesting of Stephens Whippoorwill.  Osprey, IV, i9oo , p. 89. In the Huachuca Mountains, Arizona. 9ola. Breninger, G.F. A List of Birds Observed on the Pima Indian Reser- vation, Arizona.  .Condor, III, 19Ol , pp. 44-46. F-,ighty-six specie5 seen during four days in September. 19olb. Breninger, G.. F. The Painted Redstart.  Condor, III, 19Ol , pp. 147- 148 , I fig. Field observations in the tIuachuca and Santa Rita mountains. 9ola. Brown, H. Bendire's Thrasher. % Auk, XVIII, 19Ol , pp. 225-231. Nest, eggs and habits, as observed in southern Arizona. 9olb. Brown, H. A Band-tailed Hawk's Nest--An Arizona Incident of Bio- graphical Interest. K Auk, XVIII, 9Ol, pp. 392-393 . t9Ol. Loomis, L. M.' An Addition to the A. O. U. Check-List.  Auk, XVIII, i9ox , pp. lO9-1m. Dendroica nigrifrots taken in the Huachuca and Chiricahua mountains, Arizona. 9Ol. Lusk, R. D. In the Summer Home of the Buff-breasted Flycatcher. K Condor, III, 19Ol, pp. 38-41, I fig. Field observations in the Santa Rita and Chiricahua mounlains. 9Ol. Mearns, E. A. An Addition to the avifauna of the United States. K Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., XIV, 19Ol, pp. 177-178. Petrochelidon melauogaster in the valleys of the San Bernardino and Santa Cruz rivers, southern Arizona. 9Ol. Ridgway, R. The Birds of North and Middle America. = U.S. Nation. Mus. Bull., no. 5 o, part I, pp. i-xxx, 1-715, pls. i-xx. 9o2. Brewster, W. Birds of the Cape Region of Lower California.  Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., XLI, 19o2, pp. 1-241, nap. Contains many references to Arizona birds. 1{)o2. Brown, H. Unusual Abundance of Lewis's Woodpecker near Tucson, Arizona, in 1884. % Auk. XIX, 19o2 , pp. 80-83. t9o2. Goldman, 7E,. A. In Search of a New Turkey in Arizona. % Auk, XIX, 9o2, pp. 12I-I2 7. Melcagris zallopavo merriauti, as observed in the Mogollon Mountains. 9o2. Howard, O. W. Nesting of the Prairie Falcon. % Condor, IV, 19o2, PP. 57-59. In the Huachuca Mountair:s, Arizona. 9o2a. Mearns, E. A. Description of a Hybrid between the Barn and Cliff Swallows. % Auk, XIX, 19o2, pp. 73-74. 19o2b. Mearns, E.A. The ,Cactus XVrens of the United States.- % Auk, XIX, 19o2, pp. 41-145. Heleodytes bruuueicapillus anthony;. new subspecies, described from Adonde Sid- ing, Arizona. 112 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 I902C. Mearns, E. A. Descriptions of Three Nexv Birds from the Southern United States. < Proc. U.S. Nation. Mus., XXIV, -x9o2 , pp. 9t5-926. Contains the original description of ,?itta carolite,s; elsoni, type locality Huachuca Mountains, Arizona. 1902. Oberholser, H. C. A Review of the Larks of the Genus Otocoris. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 113 29o 3. Stephens, F. Bird Notes from Eastern California and Western Arizona. < Condor, V, 2903, pp. 75-78, oo-o 5. An annotated list of the species of birds observed in portions of the Colorado and Mohave Deserts, California, and from the Colorado River, at the Needles, to the HuaIpai Mountains, in Arizona. 9o4. Brown, H. Masked Bob-white (Colimts ridgwayi). < Auk, XXI, 9o4, pp. 2o9-213. History of the species up to date, with field observations on habits, range, etc. Be- lievcd to be extinct in Arizona. 9o4. Cooke, W. V. Distribution and Migration of North American Warblers.  U.S. Dept. Agric., Div. Biol, Surv., Bull. no. 8, pp. I-I42. Contains the only Arizona record of the Prothonotary Warbler. Lqo4. Fisher, A.K. [Review of Swarth's Birds of the Huachuca Mountains, Arizona.] < Condor, VI, 9o4, pp. 8o-8. ß welve species are added to the list contained in the paper reviewed, one of them, Den&'oica vircns, being here recorded from Arizona for the first time. 9o4 . Howard, O. W. The Coues Flycatcher as a Guardian of the Peace. < Condor, VI, 9o4, pp. 79-8o. An account of some of the breeding habits of the specics, as observed in the Hnachuca Mountains, Arizona. 9o4 . Nelson, E. W. A Revision of the North American Mainland Species of Myiarchus. < Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., XVII, 9o4, pp. 2-5o. Supposed Arizona specimens of M. nuttingi prove to be females of M. cinerascens. 9o4 a. Oberholser, H. C. A Revision of the American Great Horned Owls. < Proc. U.S. Nation. Mus., XXVII, 29o4, pp. 77-92. t9o4 b. Oberholser, H. C. A Review of the Wrens of the Genus Troglodytes. < Proc. U.S. Nation. Mus., XXVII, 9o4, pp. 97-2o, pl. V. r9o 4. Ridgway, R. The Birds of North and Middle America.  U.S. Nation. Mus. Bull., no. 5 ¸, part 3, PP. i-xx, -9o, pls. i-xix. r9o4a. Swarth, H. S. 'The Status of the Southern California Cactus Wren. < ,Condor, VI, 9o4, pp. 7-9. t9o4 b. Swarth, H. S. Birds of the Huachuca Mountains, Arizona.  Pac. Coast Avifanna no 4, 9ø4, PP. -7 ø. One hundred and niuety-six species listed. 19o5 a. Breninger, G'. F. Are the Habits of Birds Changing? < Auk, XXII, 9o5, pp. 360-363. Running account of some unusual nesting sites used by several species in southern Arizona. 29o5b. Breninger, G.F. The Yellow-billed Tropic Bird near Phoenix, Arizona. < Auk, XXII, 9o5, p. 4o8. One specimeu taken alive near Phoenix, in April, 1905, and recorded as Phaethon a,eNcanu& It eventually proved to be P. aethereu5 (see Miller, 1.910). 114 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 9o5c. Breninger, G. F. The English Sparrow at Tucson, Arizona. % Auk, XXII, 9o5, p. 47. First recorded appearance of the species in the state. 9o5. [Childs, J.L.] Eggs of the Olive Warbler (Deudroica oilyacta) < The Warbler, I, 9o5, p. 7, x col. pl., x fig. Brief account of a set from the Huachnca Mounlains, with a colored plale show- ing the eggs, and figure of a pMr of birds with nest 9o5 . Olerholser, H. C. The Forms of Fermivora cclata (Say). < Auk, XXII, 9o5, pp. 242-247. Fermivora cclata orcstcra. new subspecies, described from Willis, New Mexico, is meutioned as occurriug at various points in Arizona; breeding at Mount Graham. 9'o5. Stone, XV. On a Collection of Birds and Mammals from the Colorado Delta, Lower California. With Field Notes hv Samuel X. Rhoads. < Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phla., 9o5, pp. 676-69o. lucludes observations made in the Gcinity of Yuma. 9o5 a. Swarth, H. S. Summer Birds of the I>apago Indian Reservation and of the Santa Rita Mountains, Arizona. < Condor. VII, x5, PP. 22-28, 47- 5 o, 77-8. Giving separate annotated lists of sixty-four and sixty-nine species, respectively,, {or {he two localities. 9o5b. Sxvarth, H. S. A .Correction. < Condor, VIi, 9o5, p. 44. 9o5c. Swarth, H. S. Atratus versus Megalonyx. < Condor, VII, x9o5, pP. 7-74, map. A discussion of the races of Pipilo maculatus occurring in the southwestern United States, with description of a new subslmcies, Pipilo utaculatus uoutanus, the type from the Huachuca Mountains, Arizona. 5. Willard, F.C. Notes from Cochise Co., Ariz.: Purple Gallinule. < Con- dor, VII, 9o5, p. t t2. Account of the capture of a specimen of the Purple Gallinule (Iouoruis mtrtinica) at Tombstone, Arizona, in June. 19, with mention of an alleged occurrence of the same species in the Dragoon Mountains, in .April, 1903. t9o6. Bishop, L. B. Uranomitra salvini in Arizona.  Atk, XXII[, 9o6, pp. 337-338 ß A youn!j female, the second known example of the species, taken at Pahnerlee, H,achuca Mouutains. Arizona. ou July 4, 1905. 19o6. Brown, tl. The Water Turkey and Tree Ducks near Tucson, Arizona. < Auk, XXIII, 9,o6, pp. 217-28. rluhiuga auhhtgt, Dcudrocygq autu,malis, and D. fuh,a. in parts of southern Ari- zona. 19.o6. [Childs, J.L.'[ Nest and Eggs ef the Blue-throated Hummingbird (½'oeligena clemenciae). < The Warbler, lI, t9o6, p. 65, I coT. pl. From the Huachuca Mountains. 9o6. Howard, O. W. The English Sparrow in the Southwest.  Condor, VIII, x9o6 , pp. 67-68. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 115 T9o6. Miller, x,V. De W. List of .Birds Coilected in Northwestern Durango, Mexico, by J. H. Batty, during :[9o3 . % Bull. Amer. Mns. Nat. Hist., XXII, :[906, pp. 6-83. Contains critical comments upon several Arizona species. t9o6. Oberholser, H. C. The North Alnerican Eagles and their Economic Re- lations. = U.S. Dept. Agric., Biol. Surv., Br11. No. 27, pp. T-3 , 2 pls., 2 figs. 9o6a. Ridgway, R. "Atratus versus Megalonyx". % Condor, VIII, T9o6, P. 53. Critical: Pip'lo macuhttus llloJttaltzts Swarth considered a synonym of P.m. mega- lotyx Baird. t9o6b. Ridgway, R. "Atratus versns Megalonyx". % Condor, VIII, 9o6, p. too. Critical: Recognizing the validity of Pipilo macuhttus moltamt.r Swarth. 9o7 . Ridgway, R. The Birds of North and Middle America. : U.S. Natiou. Mus. Bnll., no. 50, part 4, PP. i-xxii, :[-973, pls. i-xxxiv. T9o7 a. Snfith, A. P. The Thick-billed Parrot in Arizona. % Condor, IX, :[907, p. o4. Account of the appearance of a i-lock of "7PO to 1000" in the Chiricahua Moun- tains, Arizona, in August, 1904. t9o7b. Smith, A. P. Sulnmer Notes from an Arizona Camp. < Condor, IX, :[9o7, pp. 96-97 . A running account of some twenly-fotnr species of birds observed in the Whetstone Mountains, from May to August.' 9o8. Grinnell. J. *I'hc Name of the California Least Vireo. , Auk, XXV, :[908, pp. 85-86. 9o8, Henderson, J. The Momtain Bluebird in Nc, rthern Ariz(ma. % Condor, X, :[908, p. 94. 9o8. 'Hollister, N. Birds of tle Reg'ion about Needles, California.  Auk, XXV, :[908, pp. 455-462. References to several species seen on the Arizona side of the Colorado River at F6rt Mohave. [0oSa. Smith, A. P. Is the Mountain Blnebird Resident at High Altitudes? < Condor, X, 9o8, p. 5 o. 3¾alia currucoidcs at Flagstaff, Arizona, (luring February and March, 1907. r9oSb. Smith, A. P. Some Data and Records from the Whetstone Mountains. Arizona. % Condor, X, T9o8, pp. 75-78. .\ running account of some of the species of birds observed in the region dnring the summer months. t9o8c. Smith, A. P. Brain Parasite in White-necked Raven. < Condor, X, :[908, p. 92. r9oSd. Smith, A. P. Albinism of Scaled Partridge.  Condor, X, :[908, p. 93. Two athino specimens of Callipcpla xquamata from the San Pedro Valley, Arizona. ll6 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 9o8. Swarth, H. S. Some Fall Migration Notes from Arizona. ( Condor, X, 19o8, pp. lO7-116. Annotated list of species of birds seen in the Rincon and I-tuachuca Mountains, Arizona, from September 21 to November 8, 1907. t9o8. Wetmore, A. Notes on Some Northern Arizona Birds. ( Kansas Univ. Sci. Bull., IV (whole series, XIV), 19o8, pp. 377-388. An annotated list of forty species, observed at Willians, Arizona, and on Bill Wil- iams Mountain, February .24 to April 1, 1907. Specimens of 5*turnella maga hoopesi secured on the Coconino plains. 9o8a. Willard, F.C. An Arizona Nest Census. ( .Condor, X, 19o8, pp. 44-45. Running account of the species of birds found breeding in a garden in Tombstone, Arizona. t9o8b. Willard, F. C. Huachuca Notes. ( Condor, X, 19o8, pp. 2o6-2o 7. t9o8c. Willard, F. C. Three Vireos: Nesting Notes from the Huachuca Moun- tains. ( Condor, X, 9o8, pp. 230-234, 3 figs. Lanivirco solitaHus plumbeus, Fireo huttoni stephensi, and Fireosylva gilva swainsoni; probably the southernmost breeding record of the last mentioned species. t9o9a. Gilman, M.F. Among the Thrashers in Arizona. ( Condor, XI, 19o9, PP- 49-54, I fig. Observations on five species found on the Pima Indian Reservation, southern Arizona. t9o9b. Gilman, M. F. Some Owls Along the Gila River in Arizona. (Condor, XI, 19o9, pp. 145-15o, 5 figs. Six species treated: Bubo v. pallcsccns, .41uco pratincola, Otus trichopsis (  Otus asio giImad), gpeotyto c. hypogaca, Glaucidium phaloenoidcs, and Micropallas whitncyi. 19o9½. Gilman, M. F. Nesting Notes on the Lucy Warbler. ( ,Condor, Xi, 19o9, pp. 166-t68. 0o9d. Gihnan, 3/I. F. Red-eyed Cowbird at Sacaton, Arizona. ( Condor, X[, 19o 9, p. 173. 9o9 . Grinnell, J. Three New Song Sparrows from California. ( Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool., V, 19o9, pp. 265-269. Contains the original description of Melospiza nelodia salto,zis, the breeding song sparrow of the lower Colorado River valley, here considered a different form from M. m. fallax Baird. 19o 9. Swarth, H. S. Distribution and Molt of the Mearns .Quail.. ( Condor, XI, 19o 9, pp. 39-43, 4 figs. 9o9 . Visher, S.S. The Capture of the Red-eyed Cowbird in Arizona. ( Auk, XXVI, 19o 9, p. 307 . Near Tucson. 19o9a. Willard, F. XI, I9O9, pp. 9o9b. Willard, F. 129-131 , I fig. In the Huachuca Mountains. C. Behavior of a Young Rivoli Hummingbird. ( ,Condor, lO2-1o 3 . C. Nesting of the Arizona Junco. ( Condor, XI, 19o9, pp. 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 117 9o9c. Willard, F. C. The Flammulated Screech Owl. <: Condor, X[, x9o9, PP. x99-2ø2, 5 figs. Breeding in the Huachuca Mountains. 9o. American Ornithologists' Union. Check-List of North American Birds. Third Edition (Revised). New York, 9o. PP. -43o, 2 pls. (maps). 9o. Cooke, \¾. W. Distribution and Migration of North American Shore- birds. -- U.S. Dept. Agric., Biol. Surv.. Bull. No. 35, 9 xo, PP. Iqoo, pls. I-IV. Pisobia miuutilla and Numcnius americanus recorded for the first time as winter visitants in Arizona. 9Io. Gilman, M. F. Notes from Sacaton. Arizona. < Condor, X[I, i9io, PP. 45-46. r9to. McGee, W.J. Notes on the Passenger Pigeon. < Science, n.s. XXXII, t9 m, pp. 958-964 . '['be writer claims to have found Passenger Pigeons in abundance at Tinajas Altas, in the Gila Mountains, some seventy-five nailes southeast of Yuma, in 1894, 1895, 1900, and 190'5. Undoubtedly a misidentification. t9to. Miller, W. De W. The Red-billed Tropic-bird in Arizona. < Auk, XXVII, t9to, pp. 450, 45- Correction of a previous erroneous record of Phactho americanus (see Breninger, 190,5b) 9o. Nelson, E. W. A New Subspecies of Pigmy Owl. <: Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., XXHI, 9o, pp. xo3-o4. Glaucldium guo,la pi,icola, from the "Rocky Mountain region of the United States and the Sierra Madre of northwestern Mexico," the type from Ahna, New Mexico. Specimens from Arizona mentioned. 9Ioa. Swarth, H. S. Two New Owls from Arizona, with description of the juvenal plumage of 3*tri.v occidcutalis occidctalis (Xantus). < Univ. Calif. Pubh Zool., VII, pp. -8. Otus asio gihnani, type locality Blackwater, Pinal County, and ctrix occidcntalis huachucae, type locality Huachuca Mountains. 9tob. Swarth, H. S. Miscellaneous Records from Southern California and Arizona. < Condor, XII, 9 9toa. Visher, S.S. A Correction: A New Bird for the United States. < Auk, XXVII, I9tO, p. 2xo. The Red-eyed Cowbird recorded from Tucson proves to be Taugavius aczcus acncus, and not T. a. involucratus, as previously stated. t9mb. Visher, S.S. Notes on the Birds of Pima Cottory, Arizona. < Auk, XXVII, 9to, pp. 279-288. One hundred and twenty-seven species listed, including several not otherwise known to occur in the state. Many of them are unquestionably misidentifications, and the paper contains besides so many obvious mistakes and absurd statements that the re- cords contained in it must perforce be disregarded. 118 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 9oa. Willard, F. C. Nesting of the Western Evening Grosbeak (Hcspe;iphona vcspertina montana). ( Condor, XII, t9to, pp. 6o-62,  fig. In the Huachvca Mountains. Arizona. 9Iob. Villard, F. C. The ()live \Varbler (])cdr;ica oiivacca) in Southern Arizona.  Condor, XlI, 9o, pp. o4-o 7,  fig. t9toc. Willard, F. C. Seen on a Day's Onting in Southern Arizona. ( Con- dor, Xli, i9o , p. o. Records the capture of the Texas Kingfisier (Cer3qc {tlltcricolll scp!eztriotalis) on the San Pedro River. 9a. Gilman, M. F. Notes from Sacat(n, Arizona. ( Condor, Xlll, 9. P. 35. ()tb. Gihnan, M. F. Doves on the Pima Reservation. < Condor, Xl[I, pp. 5*-56. Zeaiduro t. carolitensis, Mclopelio asiatica, Chacmepelia p. pallescclts, and 5¾arda- [clla iwa, as observed at Sacaton, Arizona. 9 . Grime!l, J. Description of :t New Spotted Towbee from the Great Basra. < Univ. Calif. Publ. 7_ooi., VII, 9, pp. 3o9-3. Pipilo moculatts curtaras, type locality Pine Forest Mountains, Nevada. Speci- mens taken in the lower Colorado Valley in winter. -9ta. Oberholser. H. C. A Revision of the Forms of the Itairy Woodpecker (Dr?bates vitlosus [l_,innaens[). < Proc. U.S. Nation. Mus., XL, pp. 59.5-62. D'yobates rilloxus leucothorectis and Dryobates rilloxus icastus, cw forms de- scribed, ascribed to northern and southern Arizona, respectively. ()[ b. Oberbolser, H.C. A Revision of the Forms of the Ladder-backed Wood- pecker (Dr?bates scalaris [Wagler]). < Proc. U.S. Nation. Mus., XLI, 9T. pp. 39-159,  pl. [map'l. Contains the original description of Dryobatcx sca'laris coctophilus, type locality Tuc- son, Arizona. 9a. Ridgway, R. Diagnoses of Some New Forms of Iicidae. < Proc. Biol. Soc. ¾Vash., XXIV, 9  t, pp. 3t-36. Contains [he original description of Colaptos chrysoidcx tcctmlxi, typc locality Quito-. vaqnito, Arizona. 9 b. Ridgway, R. The Birds of North and Middle America. : U.S. Nation. Mus. Bnll., no. 5 o, ])art 5, PP. i-xxiii, -859, pls. i-xxxiii. 91. Willard, F. C. The 1;lue-throated Hummingbird. < Condor, XII[, 9 , 1)P- 46-49, 4 figs. Breeding in tle Huachuca Mountains. 92a. Oberholser, H. C. ;\ Revision of the Subspecies of the Green Heron (Butor/des virescens ILinnaeus] ). ( Proc. U.S. Nation. Mus., XLI[, 92, pp. 529-577. 9t2b. Oberholser, H. C. A Revision of the Forms of the Great Blue Heron (Artlea herodias Linnaeus). ( Proc. U.S. Nation. Mus., XLIII, 912, pp. 53-559 . I914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 119 [912. Sloanaker, J. L. Txvo New Arizona Records. % Condor, XIV, I912 , P' I54' Grus camdesis and Clagda clagula mcricaa from the vicinity of Tucson. [912. Swarth. H. S. Report on a collection of bh'ds and mammals from Van convet Island. % Univ. Calif. Puhl. Zool., X, pp. l-24. pls. -4. Critical remarks on the 3ul)specics of Gcothlypis triohas mcurring in '\rizona. 1912a. Willard. F.C. A \¾eek Afield in Sontl;ern Arizona. < Condor, XIV, I9 I2, !)P. 53-63, 7 figs. Running account of birds seen on an automobile trip from the Huachnca Moun- tains to Tucson, and then to Tombstone. 912b. Willard. F. C. Migration of White-necked Ravens. < Condor, XIV, 9t2, pp. to71o8. In Cochise County, in November. 9t2c. Willard, F.C. Breeding of the Scott Si)arrow. < Condor, XIV, 1912, pp. t95-96, x fig. ]n the Huachnca Mountains, Arizona. 92(I. \Villard, F. C. Xesting'of the Rocky Mountain Nuthatch. % Condor. XIV, 9r2, pp. 213-25, 2 figS. In the ]:tuachnca Mountains, Arizona. [93 . Cooke, %'. W. 1)istrihntion and Migratk>n of North American Herons and their Allies. -- U.S. Dept. Agric., lliol. Surv., Bnll. No. 45, 193, pP. [-7 ¸, 2r figs. (distribution real)s). Contains statements of the manner of occcrrcnce of several species in Arizona. [93 . SIe, anaker. J.L. Bird Notes from the Sout!:.-west. < Wilson Bnll., XXV, r9 3, pp. 87-99. In the vicinity of Tucson. [93. Swarth. tt. S. The Status of l&Lyd's !l,.sh-tit as a Bird of Arizona. ½.' Ank, XXX, r913, Pl). 399-4 ø. Critical. Arizona records of Pxaltripar,ts ,t. lloydi shown to pertain to a juvenal plumage of P. plumbeus. ]9]3 . Tod:!, \.V.F.. C. A Revision of fine Genns Chaemepeiia. .. Annals of the Carnegie Museran, VIII, 19l 3. pp. 5o7-6o3. References to Arizona specimens of Chemepclia pxscrila pallexcepts. 1913a. \Viilard, F. C. Some Late Nesting Note. from the Hnaclmca Motre- tains, Arizona. < Condor. XV, [9r 3, p. 4. Breeding of Toa'osto,ta c. plmcr[, U3.molae,tus clc,tc;lcfac, and Uohtmba f. fsciata. I913b. Willard, F. C. Late Nestin. of Certain Birds in Arizona. % Condor. XV, I93, p. 227. Seven species treated, from the Huachuca Mountains. 193c. \Viilard, F. C. Sharl)-shinned 11awk Nesting in Arizona. % Condor, XV, 193, p. 229. In the Huachuca Mountains. 120 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 A Acanthylis pelasgia, 36 saxatalis, 37 Accipiter atricapillus, 25 atricapillus striatulus, 25 cooperi, 24, 85 fuscus, 24 mexicanus, 24 velox, 24, 85 velox pacificus, 24 velox rufilatus, 24 Actiris macularius, 20, 85 Actiturus bartramius, 20 Actodromas bairdi, 19 minutilla, 19 Aechmophorus occidentalis, 9, 88 2Egialitis montanus, 21 semipalmata, 21, 89 vociferus, 21 Aeronautes melanoleucus, 37, 86 Agelaius gubernator, 47 gubernator californicus, 84 phoeniceus, 47 phoeniceus californicus, 84 phoeniceus ferris, 47, 88 phoeniceus longirostris, 47 phoeniceus neutralis, 47, 86 phoeniceus sonoriensis, 47, 86 xanthocephalus, 47 Aimophila carpalis, 57, 86, 91, 100 ruficeps scotti, 57, 86, 87, 92, 94, 103 Aluco flammeus pratincola, 29 pratincola, 29, 86, 116 Ammodramus bairdi, 52, 88 passerinus, 53 sandwichensis alaudinus, 52 savannarum bimaculatus, 53, 86 savannarum perpallidus, 53 Ammodromus savannarum, 53 Ampelis cedrorum, 64 garrulus, 64 Amphispiza belli cinerea, 56 belli nevadensis, 56 bilineata, 56 bilineata deserticola, 56, 86, 91, 109 nevadensis nevadensis, 56, 88 Anas americana, 12 boschas, 11 carolinensis, 12 cyanoptera, 12 discors, 12 penelope, 12 platyrhynchos, 11, 85 strepera, 12 INDEX Anhinga, 10 Anhinga anhinga, 10, 90, 114 Ani, Groove-billed, 32, 106 Anser albifrons, 14 albifrons gambeli, 14, 88 gambeli, 14 hyperboreus, 14 Anthus ludovicianus, 72 pensilvanicus, 72 rubescens, 72, 88 .Antrostomus nuttallii, 36 vociferus, 36 vociferus arizonae, 36 voeiferus macromystax, 36, 87, 92 Aphelocoma floridaria woodhousei, 45 sieberi arizonae, 45, 86, 87, 92, 103 sordida arizonae, 45 woedhousei, 45, 86, 87, 92 Aquila canadensis, 27 chrysaetos, 27, 85, 92 chrysaetus canadensis, 27 Archibuteo ferrugineus, 26, 88 lagopus, 26 lagopus sancti-johannis, 26, 90 Archilochus alexandri, 37, 87 Ardea candidissima, 16 egretta, 16 herodias, 16 herodias treganzai, 16, 85 virescens, 16 virescens anthonyi, 16, 108 Ardetta exilis, 16 Asio accipitrinus, 29 americanus, 29 flammeus, 29, 88 magellanicus pacificus, 30 magellanicus pallescens, 30 wilsonJanus, 29, 88 Astragalinus lawrencei, 51, 88 psaltria, 51 psaltria arizonae, 51 ß psaltria hesperophilus, 51, 86 tristis pallidus, 50, 86 Astur atricapillus atricapillus, 25, 90 Asturina nitida, 26 nitida plaglata, 26, 100 plagiata, 26, 87, 90, 100 Asyndesmus lewisi, 35, 86 torquatus, 35 Athene cunicularia, 31 hypugaea, 31 whitneyi, 31, 96 Atlapetes chl'orurus, 59 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 121 Arthis costae, 37 heloisa morcomi, 39, 90 rlaorcomi, 39, 109 Auriparus flaviceps flaviceps, 78, 86, 87, 91 Avocet, American, 18 Aythya affinis, 13 americana, 13 marila nearctica, 13 vallisneria, 13 B Baeolophus inornatus griseus, 77, 86, 92, 94 wollweberi, 77, 86, 87, 92, 103 wollweberi annexus, 77 Balanosphyra formicivora aculeata, 34 Baldpate, 12 Bartramia longicauda, 20, 90 Basilinna leucotis, 39, 87, 108, 112 Becard, Xantus, 40, 104 Bernicia brenta, 82 canadensis, 14 hutchinsi, 14 Bittern, American, 15 Least, 16 Blackbird, Bicolored Red-winged, 84 Brewer, 49 Northern Red-winged, 47 San Diego Red-winged, 47 Sonora Red-winged, 47 Yellow-headed, 47 Bluebird, Azure, 81 Chestnut-backed, 81 Mountain, 81, 115 Bob-white, Masked, 21, 113 Bombycilla cedrorum, 64, 88 garrula, 64, 90 Botaurus lentiginosus, 15, 85 minor, 15 Brachyotus cassinii, 29 Brant, 82 Branta bernicla glaucogastra, 82 canadensis canadensis, 14, 88 canadensis hutchinsi, 14, 88 Bubo ma ;ellanicus, 30 ma ;ellanicus pallescens, 30 virgmianus, 30 virgmianus arcticus, 30 virgmianus pacificus, 30 virginJanus pMlescens, 30, 86, 87, 116 virginJanus saturatus, 30 vir: mianus subarcticus, 30 Bucephala albeola, 13 Buffle-head, 13 Bunting, Beautiful, 61 Lark, 61 Lazuli, 61 Painted, 61 Bush-tit, Lead-colored, 78 Lloyd, 119 Buteo abbreviatus, 25, 85, 102 albicaudatus sennetti, 26, 87, 90, 109 bairdi, 26 borealis, 25 borealis calurus, 25, 85, 87 calurus, 25 elegans, 84 insignatus, 26, 96 lineatus elegans, 84 montanus, 25 oxypterus, 26, 96 swainsoni, 26, 87, 90, 96 zonocercus, 25 Butorides virescens, 16 virescens anthonyi, 16, 85 Calamospiza bicolor, 61 melanocorys, 61, 88 Calcarius ornatus, 51, 88, 104 Callipepla gambeli, 22 squamata squamata, 21, 85, 87, 91, 109, Calothorax lucifer, 39, 90, 98 Calypte anna, 38, 90 costae, 37, 86, 91 Camptostoma imberbe, 44, 87, 90 Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus, 74 Canace obscurus, 22 Canvas-back, 13, 106 Caprimulgus nuttallii, 36 Caracara, Audubon, 28 Cardellina rubrifrons, 72, 88, 93, 94, 104 Cardinal, Arizona, 60 Cardinalis cardinalis superbus, 60, 86, 91, 101 igneus, 60 superbus, 60 virginianus,60 virginianus igneus, 60 Carpodacus californicus, 50 cassini, 50, 86, 92, 95 familiaris, 50 frontalis, 50 mexicanus frontalis, 50, 86 mexicanus obscurus, 50 pileatus, 50 purpureus, 50 purpureus californicus, 49, 90 Cathartes aura, 24 aura septentrionalis, 24, 85 californianus, 83 122 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 Catherpes mexicanus, 74 mexicanus conspersus, 74, 86, 87 mexicanus poIioptilus, 74 mexicanus punctulatus, 74 Catoptrophorus semipalmatus inornatus, 20, 90 Celeus torquatus, 35 Centronyx bairdi, 52, 98 Centurus uropygialis, 35, 86, 87, 91, 95 Certhia americana, 76 familiaris, 76 familiaris albescens, 76, 88, 93 familiaris americana, 76 familiaris mexicana, 76 familiaris montana, 76, 82, 92, 100 Certhioia flaveola, 96 Ceryle alcyon alcyon, 32, 88 americana, 33 americana septentrionalis, 33, 90, 118 Chaemepelia passerina pallescens, 23, 85, 91, 118, 119 Chaetura vauxi, 36, 89 Chamaepelia passerina, 23 Charadrius dominicus dominicus, 83 vociferus, 21 Charitonetta albeola, 13, 88 Chat, Long-tailed, 71 Chaulelasmus streperus, 12, S5 Chelidon erythrogaster, 63 Chen hyperboreus hyperboreus, 14, 88 Chickadee, Mexican, 77 Mountain, 77 Chondestes grammaca, 53 grammacus strigatus, 53, 86 Choraleties acutipennis texensis, 36, 87, 90 henryi, 36- poperue, 36 popetue henryi, 36 texensis, 36 virginianus, 36 virginianus henryi, 36, 87, 92 Chroecocephalus atricilla, 82 franklini, 82 Chroicocephalus philadelphia, 10 Chrysomitris lawrencei, 51 mexicana, 51 mexicanus arizonae, 51 pinus, 51 psaltria, 51 psaltria arizonae, 51 tristis, 50 Cichlopsis nitens, 64 Cinclus mexicanus, 72 mexicanus unicolor, 72, 86 Circe latirostris, 39 Circus cyaneus, 24 cyaneus hudsonius, 24 hudsonius, 24, 85 Cistothorus palustris, 75 palustris paludicola, 75 palustris plesius, 75 Clangula albeola, 13 clangula americana, 13, 90, 119 Clivicola riparia, 63 Ceccothraustes vespertina, 49, 104 vespertina montana, 49 Coccyzus americanus, 32 americanus occidentalis, 32, 87 Coeligena clemenciae, 37, 109, 112 Colaptes auratus mexicanus, 35 ayresii, 35 cafer, 35, 109 cafer collaris, 35, 86, 102 chrysoides, 35, 109 chrysoides mearnsi, 35, 86, 87, 91, 102, 118 mexicanus, 35 rubricatus, 35 Colinus ridgwayi, 21, 85, 87, 91, 101, 102, 103, 104, 113 ColIurio borealis, 65 ex. cubitoroides, 65 ludovicianus excubitorides, 65 Collyrio borealis, 65 excubitorides, 65 Cc, Iumba fasciata fasciata, 23, 85, 92, 112, 119 flavirostris, 83 Ieucoptera, 23 Co;'umbigallina passerina, 23 Colymbus arcticus pacificus, 82 auritus, 81 nigricollis californicus, 9, 87 pacificus, 82 torquatus, 9 Condor, Cklifornia, 83 Contopus borealis, 42 pertinax., 42, 106 pertinax pallidiventris, 42 richardsoni, 42 veliei, 42 virens richardsoni, 42 Coot, American, 18 Cormorant, FaralIon, 11 Corvus americanus, 46 brachyrhynchos hesperis, 46, 86 cacaIotI, 46 carnivcrus, 46 corax, 46 corax carnivorus, 46 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 123 Corvus corax sinuatus, 46, 86 cryptoleucus, 46, 86, 91 splendens, 46 Coturnicops noveboracensis, 17, 90 Ccturniculus bairdi, 52 passerinns, 53 passerinns perpallidus, 53 savannarum bimaculatus, 53 Cotyle riparia, 63 serripennis, 64 Co'vbird, Bronzed, 47 Dwarf, 47 Red-eyed, 116, 117 Crane, Little Brown, 17 Sandhill, 17 Craxirex harrisii, 25 unicinctus, 25 Creciscus jamaicensis, 83 Creeper, Mexican, 76 Rocky Mountain, 76 Crossbill, Mexican, 50 Crotophaga sulcirostris, 32, 90, 106 Crow, Western, 46 Cryptoglaux acadica acadica, 29, 86, 92 Cuckoo, California, 32 Culicivora plumbea, 79, 95 Curlew, Long-billed, 21 Curvirostra americana, 50 Cyanocephalus cyanocephalus, 46, 86 Cyanocitta californica, 45 floridana woodhousei, 45 macrolopha, 45 sordida, 45 stelleri, 45 stelleri diademata, 45, 86, 87, 92 stelleri macrolopha, 45 ultramarina arizonae, 45 woodhouseii, 45 Cyanocorax californica, 45 stelleri, 45 Cyanolaemus clemenciae, .37, 87, 93, 119 ' Cyanospiza amoena, 61 ciris, 61 Cyanura macrolopha, 45 stelleri macrolopha, 45 .Cygnus americanus, 15 Cynanthus latirostris, 39, 87, 91 Cypselus melanoleucus, 37, 95 Cyrtonyx massena, 22 montezumae, 22 montezumae mearnsi, 22, 85, 87, 93, 94, 110, 112 D Dafila acuta, 13, 85 Dendragapus obscurus obscurus 22, 85, 87, 92, 93 Dendrocopus arizonae, 33 harrisi, 33 Dendrocygna autumnalis, 14, 90, 114 bicolor, 15, 88 fulva, 15, 114 Dendroica aestiva, 68 aestiva brewsteri, 68, 89 aestiva morcomi, 68 a½stiva scnorana, 68, 88, 90 auduboni auduboni, 69, 86, 92 audubcni nigrifrons, 69, 88, 93 coronata, 69, 90 graciae, 69, 88, 92, 96, 106 nigrescens, 69, 88, 92 nigrifrons, 69, 111 occidentalis, 70, 89 olivacea, 68, 108, 114, 118 townsendi, 70, 89 virens, 70, 90, 113 Dickcissl, 61 Dipper, American, 72 Doricha enicura, 39, 98 Dove, Inca, 24, 108 Mexican Ground, 23, 105 Western Mourning, 23 ¾Vhite-winged, 23, 91 Dowitcher, Long-billed, 19 Dryobates arizcnae, 33, 86, 37, 92, 94, 102, 112 pubescens gairdneri, 33 pubescens homorus, 33, 86 pubescens oreoecus, 33 scalaris, 33 scalaris bairdi, 33 scalaris cactophilus, 33,,86, 87, 91, 118 stricklandi, 33 villosus harrisi, 33 viilosus hyloscopus, 33 villosus icastus, 33, 118 villosus leucothorectis, 33, 86, 87, 92, 118 Duck, Greater Scaup, 13 Lesser Scaup, 13 Ruddy, 14 lagle, Bald, 27 Golden, 27, 106 Ectopistes carolinensis, 23 Egret, American, 16 Egretta candidissima candidissima, 16, 89 llanus leucurus, 84 Empidonax difficilis difficilis, 42, 87 flaviventris difficilis, 42 fulvifrons pygmaeus, 43, 87, 93 griseus, 43, 89 124 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. lt) Empidonax, hammondi, 42, 89 obscurus, 43, 99 pusillus, 42 pygmaeus, 43 trailli pusillus, 42 trailli trailli, 42, 87, 90 wrighti, 43, 89 Eremophila alpestris chrysolaema, 44 cornuta, 44 Ereunetes mauri, 20, 88 occidentalis, 20 pusillus, 20 Erismatura jamaicensis, 14, 85 rubida, 14 Eudromias montanus, 21 Eugenes fulgens, 37, 87, 93, 98, 106, 110, 112 Euphagus cyanocephalus, 49, 86 Euspiza americana, 61 F Falcinellus ordii, 15 Falco aesalon, 28 anatum, 27 columbarius columbarius, 27, 88 columbarius richardsoni, 28, 90 communis anatum, 27 femoralis, 28 fuscb-caerulescens, 28, 86, 91 lanarius polyagrus, 27 mexicanus, 27, 86 nigriceps, 27 peregrinus anatum, 27, 86 polyagrus, 27 richardsoni, 28 saker polyagrus, 27 sparverius deserticolus, 28, 107 sparerius phaloena, 28 sparverius sparverius, 28, 86, 101 Falcon, Aplomado, 28 Prairie, 27, 111 Finch, California Purple, 49 Cassin Purple, 50 House, 50 Flicker, Mearns Gilded, 35, 91 Red-shafted, 35 Flycatcher, Arizona Crested, 40, 91 Ash-throated, 41 Black-crested, 100 Beardless, 44 Buff-breasted, 43, 110, 111 Coues, 42, 108, 113 Gray, 43 Hammond, 42 Ol'ivaceous, 41, 110 Olive-sided, 42 Painted, 99 Flycatcher, Sulphur-bellied, 40, 110 Traill, 42 Vermilion, 43, 91, 97, 105 Western, 42 ¾Vright, 43 Fringilla blandingiana, 59 frontalis, 50 Fulica americana, 18, 85 G Gadwall, 12 Gallinago delicata, 19, 88 wilsonii, 19 Gallinula galeata, 18, 85 Gallinule, Florida, 18 Purple, 17, 114 Gambetta melanoleuca, 20 Garzetta candidissima, 16 Gavia iraruer, 9, 88 pacifica, 82 stellata, 9, 90 Geococcyx californianus, 32, 86, 87, 91 viaticus, 32 Geothlypis macgillivrayi, 70 philadelphia macgii'livrayi, 70 t almiei, 70 trichas, 70, 71 trichas occidentalis, 70, 71, 88 trichas scirpicola, 71, 88, 119 Glaucidium ferrugineum, 31, 97 gnoma, 31, 100 gnoma pinicola, 31, 86, 92, 117 passerinure californicum, 31 phaloenoides, 31, 86, 91, 104, 116 Gnatcatcher, Plumbeous, 79, 91, 103 Western, 78 Godwit, Hudsonian, 83 Marbled, 83 Golden-eye, American, 13 Goldfinch, Green-backed, 51 Lawrence, 51 Pale, 50 Goniaphea coerulea, 60. melanocephala, 60 Goose, Canada, 14 Hutchilis, 14 Lesser Snow, 14 Vhite-fronted, 14 Goshawk, American, 25 Mexican, 26, 100, 107 Graculus dilophus, 11 Grebe, American Eared, 9 Horned, 81 Pied-billed, 9 Western, 9 I914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 125 Grosbeak, Black-headed, 60 Rose-breasted, 60 Western Blue, 60 Western Evening, 49, 118 Grouse, Dusky, 22 Grus canadensis, 17, 88, 119 mexicana, 17, 85 Guara rubra, 82, 109 Guiraca caerulea, 60 caerulea eurhyncha, 60 caerulea lazula,' 60, 88, 90 melanocephala, 60 Gull, Bonaparte, 10 Franklin, 82 Hoermann, 82 Laughing, 82 Ring-billed, 9 YVestern, 82 Gymnogyps californianus, 83 Gymnokitta cyanocephala, 46 Gyparchus papa, 83 H Habia melanocephala, 60 Haliaeetus leucocephalus leucocephalus, 27, 86 Harporhynchus benditel, 73, 98 cinereus benditel, 73 crissalis, 74, 97 curvirostris, 73 curvirostris palmeft, 73, 97, 106 lecontei, 74, 108 redivivus lecontei, 74 Hawk, American Rough-legged, 26 American Sparrow, 28 Band-tailed, 111 Cooper, 24 Duck, 27 Ferruginous Rough-legged, 26 Harris, 25 Marsh, 24 Mexican Black, 26 Pigeon, 27 Red-bellied, 84 Sennerr 5Vhite-tailed, 26, 109 Sharp-shinned, 24, 119 Swainson, 26 Western Red-tailed, 25 Zone-tailed, 25 Idedymeles mei'anocephalus, 60 Heleodytes bru.nneicapillus, 74 brunneicapillus anthonyi, 74, 111 brunneicapillus couesi, 74, 86, 87, 91 Helminthophaga celata, 67 luciae, 67, 96, 97 ruficapilla, 67 virginiae, 67 Hehninthophila celata, 67 celata lutescons, 68 luciae, 67 rubricapii'la gutturalis, 67 ruficapilla, 67 ruficapilla gutturalis, 67 virginiae, 67 Helodromas solitarius, 20 solitarius cinnamomeus, 20, 89 Herodias alba egretta, 16 egretta, 16, 89 Heron, Anthony Green, 16 Black-crowned Night, 16 Pallid Great Blue, 16 Snowy, 16 11erse thalassina, 63 Hesperiphona vespertina, 49 vespertina montana, 49, 86, 92, 118 Himantopus mexicanus, 18, 89 nigricollis, 18 Hirundo bicolor, 63 erythrogastra, 63, 88 horreorum, 63 lunifrons, 62 tufa, 63 thalassina, 63 Horizopus pertinax pailidiventris, 42 richardsoni, 42 Hummingbird, Allen, 38 Anna, 38 Black-chinned, 37 Blue-throated, 37, 109, 118 Broad-billed, 39 Broad-tailed, 38 Calliope, 39 Costa, 37 Lucifer, 39 Motcorn, 39 Rivoli, 37, 110, 116 Rufous, 38 Salvin, 39 White-cared, 39 Hydrobata mexicana, 72 Hydrochelidon fissipes, 10 lariformis, 10 nigra, 10 nigra surinamcrisis, 10, 90 surinamcrisis, 10 Hylocichla fuscescens salicicola, 79, 90 guttara audubqni, 80, 88, 92. 94 guttara guttara, 80, 88 guttara nanus, 80, 88, 89 guttara slevini, 80, 89 nana, 80 ustulata swainsoni, 79 ustulata ustulata, 79, 89 126 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 Hypctriorchis cclumbarius, 27 femccalis, 28 I lache latirostris, 39 Ibis, Scarlet, 82, 109 White-faced Glossy, 15 Wood, 15 Ibis guarauna, 15 ordii, 15 thalassinus, 15 Icteria longicauda, 71 virens longicauda, 71, 88 viridis, 71 Icterus bullocki, 49, 87 cucullatus, 49, 102 cucullatus nelsoni, 49, 87, 90, 101 parisorum, 48, 87, 91, 102 lctinia mississipiensis, 96 Ionornis martinicus, 17, 90, 104, 114 Iridoprocne bicolor, 63, 89 Ixobrychus exilis, 16, 90 Ixc, reus naevius naevius, 85 J Jay, Arizona, 45 Long-crested, 45, 97 Pinon, 46 Rocky Mountain, 45 Woodhouse, 45 Juneo, Arizona, 56, 105, 116 Gray-headed, 55 Montana, 55 Pink-sided, 55 Red-backed, 56 Shufeldt, 55 Sierra, 55 Slate-colored, 5.5 Juneo anneetens, 55 canJeeps, 55, 88, 98 einereus, 56, 98, 102 cinereus canJeeps, 55 cinereus dorsalis, 56 einereus palliatus, 56 conneetens, 55 dorsalis, 56, 98 hyemalis eonneetens, 55 hyemalis hyemalis, 55, 88 hyemalis mearnsi, 55 byemalls montanus, 55 hyemalis oregonus, 55 hyemalis thurberi, 55 mearnsi, 55, 88 montanus, 55, 90 oregonus, 55 oreganus thurberi, 55, 88, 89 Junco oreganus shufeldti, 55, 88 phaeonotus caniceps, 55 phaeonotus dorsalis, 56, 86, 87, 93, 98 phaeonotus pailiatus, 56, 86, 87, 93, 98 ridgwayi, 55, 105 K Killdeer, 21 Kingbird, Cassin, 40 Western, 40 Kingfisher, Belted, 32 ' Texas, 33, 118 Kinglet, Golden-crowned, 85 Ruby-crowned, 78 Kite, White-tailed, 84 t Lanius borealis, 65, 90 ludovicianus, 65 ludovicianus excubitorides, 65, 86 Ianivireo solitarius cassini, 65, 89 solitarius plumbeus, 66, 88, 92, 116 Lark, Desert Horned, 44 Montezuma Horned, 44 Prairie Horned, 84 Scorched Horned, 44 Sonora Horned, 44 l,arus atricfila, 82 delawarensis, 9, 90 franklini, 82 heermanni, 82 occidentalis, 82 philadelphia, 10 lAmonites minutiila, 19 Limosa fedoa, 83 haemastica, 83 Lobipes lobatus, 18, 90 Longspur, Chestnut-collared, 51, 104, 105 McCown, 52, 104, 105 [0011, Common, 9 Pacific, 82 Red-throated, 9 Lophodytes eueullatus, ].1, 90 Lophophanes inornatus, 77 wollweberi, 77, 103 Lophortyx ealifornieus, 22 gambeli, 22, 85, 87, 91, 96 Loxia eurvirostra americana, 50 eurvirostra mexicana, 50 curvirestra stricklandi, 50, 6, 92 M Maerorhamphus griseus, 19 griseus seolopaeeus, 19, 90 Magpie, 45 Mallard, 11 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 127 Mareca americana, 12, 85 Marila affinis, 13, 88 anericana, 13, 88 marila, 13, 88 valisineria, 13, 88 Martin, Purple, 62 Meadowlark, Texas, 48 Western, 48 Megascops asio cineraceus, 30 asio trichopsis, 30 aspersus, 30, 109 flammeolns, .30 trichopsis, 30, 110 Melanerpes erythrocephalus, 34, 90 Melanerpes formicivorus, .34 formicivorus aculeatus, .34, 86, .02, 94, 105 formicivorus bairdi, 34 melanopogon, 0ø4 torquatus, 35 uropygialis, 35 Meleagris gallopavo, 23, 110 gallopavo merriami, 2.3, 85, 87, .q,% 110, 111 mexicana, 23 Melopelia asiatica, 2.3, 118 asiatica trudeaui, 2.3, 87, 90 leucoptera, 23 Melospiza cinerea fallax, 57 fallax, 57 fasciata fallax, 57 fasciata montana, 57 i'incolni lincolni, 58, 88 melodia, 57 melodia fallax, 57, 88, 116 melodia heermanni, 57 melodia merrilli, 58, 90 melodia montana, 57 melodia saltonis, 57, 86, 87, 91, 116 Merganser, American, 11 Hooded, 11 Red-breasted, 11 Merganser americanus, 11 serrator, 11 Mergus americanus, 11, 85 serrator, 11, 88 Merlin, Richardson, 28 Merula migratoria propinqua, 80 Micrathene whitneyi, 31, 98, 100 Micropallas whitneyi, 31, 86, 91, 98, 100, 112, 116 Micropus melanoleucus, 37 Mimus montanus, 72 polyglottus, 73 polyglottus caudatus, 73 polyglottos leucopterus, 73, 86 Mitrephorus fulvifrons pallescens, 4.3 pallescens, 43 Mockingbird, XVestern, 73 Molothrus ater, 47 ater obscurus, 47, 86, 91 obscurus, 47, 99 pecoris, 47 ]pecoris obscurus, 47 Morphnus uuicinetus, 25 Myadestes townsendi, 79, 86, 92 Myeteria americana, 15, 87 Myiarchus cinerascens cinerascens, 41, 86, 106, 113 cooperi, 40, 99 erinitus eineraseens, 41 lawrencei, 41, 99 lawrencei c, livascens, 41, 87, 91, 99, 101 lawrencei olivaceus, 41 magister magister, 40, 87, 90, 99, 101 mexicanus, 41 mexicanus cooperi, 40 nexicanus magister, .40 nuttingi, 41, 106, 113 Myiochanes pertinax pallidiventris, 42, 87. 93 richardsoni richardsoni, 42, 87, 9t Myiodioctes pi;eolatus, 71 pusillus, 71 pusillus pileolatus, 71 Myiodynastes luteiventris, 40, 87, .03 N Nannus hiemalis pacificus, 75, 90 Nauclerus furcatus, 96 Nettion carolinense, 12, 88 Nighthawk, Texas, 36, .01 Western, 36 Nisus cooperi, 24 fuseus, 24 Nucifraga columbiana, 46, 86, 92 Numenius americanus, 21, 89, 117 longirostris, 21 Nuthatch, Red-breasted, 76 Pigmy, 77 Rocky Mountain, 76, 11.0 Nutcracker, Clarke, 46 Nuttallornis borealis, 42, 87, 92 Nyctale acadica, 29 Nyctiardea gardeni, 16 grisea naevia, 16 Nyctico;ax nycticorax naevius, 16, 85 O Olbiorchii'us hiemalis pacificus, 75 Olr columbianus, 15, 88 Oporornis tolmiei, 70, 88 128 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. 10 Oreoscoptes montanus, 72, 88 Oreospiza chlorura, 59, 88 Oriole, Arizona Hooded, 49 Bullock 49 Scott, 48 Ornithion imberbe ridgwayi, 44 Ortyx graysoni, 21, 101 ridgwayi, 21 virginianus, 21, 100, 101 Osprey, American, 28 Otocoris alpestris, 44 alpestris actia, 44 alpestris adusta, 44, 86, 87, 91, 105 alpestris aphrasta, 44 alpestris arenicola, 44 alpestris chrysolaema, 44 alpestris enthymia, 44 alpestris leucansiptii'a, 44, 112 alpestris leucolaema, 44, 88 alpestris occidentalis, 44, 86 alpestris pallida, 44, 86, 87, 91 alpestris praticola, 84 Otocorys arenicola, 44 Otus americanus, 29 brachyotus, 29 asio cineraceus, 30, 86, 92 asio gilmani, 30, 86, 91, 101, 116, 117 flammeolus, 30, 87, 93 trichopsis, 30, 87, 93, 109, 116 vulgaris wilsonianus, 29 wilsonianus, 29 Owl', American Barn, 29 American Long-cared, 29, 100 Arizona Spotted, 29 Burrowing, 31 California Pigmy, 100 Elf, 31, 91, 104 Ferruginous Pigmy, 31, 109 Flammulated Screech, 30, 117 Mexican Screech, 30 Rocky Mountain Pigmy, 31 Sahuaro Screech, 30, 91 Saw-whet, 29 Short-cared, 29 Spotted, 100 Spotted Screech, 30, 109, 110 Western Horned, 30 Whitney, 100 Oxyechus vociferus, 21, 85 Pandion carolinensis, 28 haliaetus carolinensis, 28, 89 Panyptila melanoleuca, 37 Parabuteo unicinctus harrisi, 25, 85, 91 Paroides flaviceps, 78 Parrot, Thick-billed, 32, 115 Parus gainbell, 77 inornatus griseus, 77 inornatus ridgwayi, 77 meridionalis, 77, 99 montanus, 77 wollweberi, 77 Passer domesticus, 50, 86, 87 Passerculus alaudnus, 52 bairdi, 52 rostratus rostratus, 52, 90 sandwichcrisis alaud'nus, 52, 88 sandwichensis nevadensis, 52, 86 savanna, 52 Passerella iliaca schistacea, 58, 88 townsendi schistacea, 58 Passerina amoena, 61, 88 ciris, 61, 89 versicolor, 61 versicolor pulchra, 61, 90 Pelecanus erythrorhynchos, 11, 88 trachyrhynchus, 11 Pelican, American White, 11 Pelidna alpina sakhalina, 19, 90 Penthestes gambeli gambeli, 77, 86, 92 sclateri, .77, 86, 93, 99 Perisoreus canadensis capitalis, 45, 86, 87, 92, 93 Petrochelidon lunifrons lunifrons, 62, 88 lunifrons melanogastra, 63, 88 lunifrons tachina, 62 melanogaster, 63, Peueaea aestivalis arizonae, 56 arizonae, 56 botterii, 56, 88, 90 earpalls, 57, 98, 100 eassinii, 56, 57, 88, 90 homoehlamys, .57 lineolni, 58 rufieeps boueardi, 57, 103 rufieeps seotti, 57, 104 Peueedramus olivaeeus, 68, 86, 93, 94 Pewee, Western Wood, 42 Phaethon aethereus, 10, 90, 113 amerieanus, 10, 113, 117 Phainopepla, 64 Phainopepla nitens, 64, 86, 91, 100, 102 Phalaeroeorax auritus alboeiliatus, 11, 88 Phalaenoptilus nuttall'i nitidus, 36, 103 nuttallii nuttallii, 36, 86 Phalarope, Northern, 18 Wilson, 18 Phalaropus lobatus, 18 wilsoni, 18 Phoebe, Black, 41 Say, 41 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 129 Pica caudata hudsonica, 45 hudsonica, 45 pica budsonia, 45, 90 Picicorvus columbianus, 46, 97 Picoides americanus dorsalis, 34, 86, 87, 92, 93 Picus arizonae, 33, 102 gairdneri, 33 harrisii, 33 pubescens, 33 pubescens gairdneri, 33 scalaris, 33 stricklandi, 33 varius, 34 villosus harrisi, 33 Pigeon, Band-tail'ed, 23 Passenger, 117 Red-billed, 83 Pintail, 13 Pipilo aberti, 59, 86, 87, 91, 105 arctica, 58 chlorura, 59 erythrophthalmus, 58 fuscus mesoleucus, 59, 86, 87, 94, 105 maculatus curtatus, 59, 88, 118 maculatus megalonyx, 58 maculatus montanus, 58, 86, 87, 92, 114, 115 megalonyx, 58 mesoleucus, 59, 95 oregonus, 58 Pipit, American, 72 Piranga hepatica, 62, 88, 93 ludoviciana, 62, 88, 92 rubra cooperi, 62, 88, 90 Pisobia bairdi, 19, 89 minutilla, 19, 88, 117 Planesticus migratorius, 80 migratorius propinquus, 80, 86, 92 Platypsaris aglaiae albiventris, 40, 90 albiventris, 40, 104 Plectrophanes maccownii, 52 melanomus, 51 ornatus, 51 Plegadis autumnalis, 15 guarauna, 15, 87 Plover, Golden, 83 Mountain, 21 Semipalmated, 21 Podasocy montanus, 21, 88 Podiceps auritus californicus, 9 californicus, 9 cornutus, 81 occidentalis, 9 Podilymbus carolinensis, 9 podiceps, 9, 88 Poecile montanus, 77 Polioptila caerulea, 78 caeruiea obscura, 78, 86, 92 caerulea plumbea, 79 melanura, 79, 99 plumbea, 79, 86, 87, 91, .09, 103 Polyborus audubonii, 28 cheriway, 28, 86, 91 tharus, 28 tharus auduboni, 28 Polytmus rufus, 38 Pooecetes gramineus, 52 gramineus confinis, 52, 86 Poorwill, 36 Poospiza belli, 56 belli nevadensis, 56 bilineata, ;56 Porzana carolina, 17, 85 jamaicensis, 83 Progne purpurea, 62 subis hesperia, 62 subis subis, 62, 88 Protonotaria tittea, 67, 90 Psaltria plumbea, 78, 95 Psaltriparus melanotis 11oydi, 78, 112, 119 minimus plumbeus, 78 plumbeus, 78, 86, 87, 104, 119 santaritae, 78, 104, 112 Pseudogryphus californianus, 83 Pterocyanea caeruleata, 12 Ptiliogonys nitens, 64 Pyranga aestiva, 62 aestiva cooperi, 62 azarae, 62 cooperi, 62 hepatica, 62 ludoviciana, 62 Pyrocephalus mexicanus, 43 rubineus, 48 rubinus mexicanus, 43, 86, 91, 97 Pyrrhuloxia, Arizona, 60 Pyrrhuloxia sinuata beckhami, 60 sinuata sinuata, 60, 86, 91 Quail, Desert, 22 Fool, 22 Gambel, 108, 109 Mearns, 22, 116 Scaled, 21 Querquedula carolinensis, 12 cyanoptera, 12, 85 , discors, 12, 85 I{ail, Black, 83 130 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. I0 Rail, Light-looted, 17 Virginia, 17 Yellow, 17 Rallus levipes, 17, 90 virginianus, 17, 88 Raven, American, 46 \Vhite-necked, 46, 112, 115, 119 Recurvirostra americana, 18, 88 Redhead, 13 Redstart, American, 71 Painted, 72, 111 Regulus calendula calendula, 78, 86, 92 satrapa olivaceus, 85 satrapa satrapa, 85 Rhinogryphus aura, 24 Rhyacophilus solitarius, 20 Rhynchophanes mccowni, 52, 88, i10 Rhynchopsitta pachyrhyncha, 32, 90, 110 Riparia riparia, 63, 88 Roadrunner, 32 Robin, Western, 80 $ Salpinctes obsoletus obsoletus, 74, 86, 87 Sandpiper, Baird, 19 Bartramian, 20 Least, 19 Spotted, 20 Red-backed, 19 Vestern, 20 Western Solitary, 20 Sapsucker, Red-naped, 34 Williamson, 34 Sarcoramphus papa, 83, 99 Sayornis nigricans, 41, 86 nigricans semiatra, 41 sayus, 41, 86, 91 Scardafella inca, 24, 85, 91, 118 Sciurus tenuirostris, 70 Scolecophagus cyanocephalus, 49 ferrugineus, 49 Scolopax wilsonii, 19 Scops asio, 30 asio maccalli, 30 asio trichopsis, 30, 101 flammeola, 30 mccalli, 30 trichopsis, 30 Seiurus noveboracensis, 70 noveboracensis notabilis, 70, 89 Selasphorus alleni, 38, 90 costae, 37 platycercus, 38, 87 rufus, 38, 89 Setophaga picta, 72, 88, 93, 97, 99, 100 ruticilla, 71, 90 Shoveller, 12 Shrike, Northern, 65 Vhite-rumped, 65 Sialia arctica, 81 currucoides, 81, 86, 92, 115 mexieana, 81 mexicana bairdi, 81, 86, 92, 108 mexicana occidentalis, 81 occidentalis, 81 sialis azurea, 81 sialis fulva, 81, 88 Siskin, Pine, 51 Sitta aculeata, 76 canadensis, 76, 86, 92 carolinensis, 76 carolinensis aculeata, 76 carolinensis nelsoni, 76, 86, 112 pusilla pygmaea, 77 pygmaea pygmaea, 77, 86, 87, 92, 94 Siurus naevius, 70 Snipe, Wilson, 19 Sclitaire, Townsend, 79 Sora, 17 Sparrow, Baird, 52 Black-chinned, 54 Botteri, 56 Brewer, 54 Cassin, 57 Clay-colored, 54 Desert, 56 Desert Song, 57 English, 50, 114 Intermediate, 53 Large-billed, 52 Lincoln, 58 Merrill Song, 58 Mountain Song, 57 Nevada Savannah, 52 Rufous-winged, 57, 100 Sage, 56 Scott, 57, 119 Slate-colored Fox, 58 Western Chipping, 54 XVestern Grasshopper, 53 Western Lark, 53 estern Savannah, 52 Western Tree, 54 Vestern Vesper, 52 White-crowned, 53 Spatula clypeata, 12, 85 Speotyto cunicularia hypogaea, 31, 86, 87, 91, 116 Sphyrapicus nuchalis, 34 thyroideus, 34, 86, 92, 96 varius, 34 varius nuchalis, 34, 88 williamsonii, 34, 96 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 131 Spinus lawrencei, 51 pinus, 51, 86, 92 psaltria, 51 psaltria arizonae, 51 tristis, 50 tristis pallidus, 50, 105 Spiza americana, 61, 89 amoena, 61 Spizella atrogularis, 54, 87 breweri, 54, 86 canadensis, 54 evura, 54 monticola, 54 monticola ochracea, 54, 90 pallida, 54, 89 pallida breweri, 54 passerina arizonae, 54, 86 pusio, 54 socialis, 54 socialis arizonae, 54, 97 Steganopus tricolor, 18, 89 wilsoni, 18 Stelgidopteryx serripennis, 64, 88 Stellula calliope, 39, 89 Sterna forsteri, 10, 90 hirundo, 10, 90 Stilt, Black-necked, 18 Strigiceps uliginosus, 29 Strix americana, 29 flammea, 29 flammea americana, 29 occidentalis, 29, 117 occidentalis huachucae, 29, 86, 92, 94, 98, 117 pratincola, 29 Struthus caniceps, 55, 56 oregonus, 55 Sturnella magna hoopesi, 48, 86, 116 magna mexicana, 48 magna neglecta, 48 neglecta, 48, 86 Swallow, Bank, 63 Barn, 63, 109, 111 Cliff, 62, 111 Mexican Cliff, 63 Northern Violet-green, 63 Rough-winged, 64 Tree, 63 Swan, Whistling, 15 Swift, Vaux, 36 White-throated, 37 Sylvania pusilla, 71 pusilla pileolata, 71 audubonii, 69 Syruphernia semipalmata, 20 Syrnium occidentale, 29, 98 T Tachycineta bicolor, 63 thalassina, 63 thalassina lepida, 63, 88, 92 Tanager, Cooper, 62 Hepatic, 62 Western, 62 Tangavius aeneus aeneus, 47, 87, 90, 117 aeneus involucratus, 47, 117 Tantalus loculator, 15 Teal, Blue-winged, 12 Cinnamon, 12 Green-winged, 12 Telmatodytes palustris, 75 palustris plesius, 75, 86 Tern, Black, 10 Common, 10 Forster, 10 Thrasher, Bendire, 73, 91, 105, 111 Brown, 73 Crissal, 74, 91, 96, 103 Leconte, 74, 91, 96, 103, 108 Palmer, 73, 91, 104, 105, 106 Sage, 72 Thrush, Dwarf Hermit, 80 Kadiak Hermit, 80 Monterey Hermit, 80 Rocky Mountain Hermit, 80 Russet-backed, 79 Varied, 85 Willow, 79 Thryomanes bewickii bairdi, 75 bewickii drymoecus, 75 bewicki eremophilus, 75, 86, 87 bewicki leucogaster, 75 Thryothorus bewickii, 75 bewickii bairdi, 75 bewicki leucogaster, 75, 100 bewickii murinus, 75 mexicanus, 74 obsoletus, 74 Tinnunculus sparverius, 28 Titmouse, Bridled, 77 Gray, 77 Yellow-headed, 99 Totanus flavipes, 83 melanoleucus, 20, 8,9 semipalmatus, 20 solitarius, 20 Towhee, Abert, 59 Canyon, 59 Green-tailed, 59, 108 Mountain, 58 Nevada, 59 132 PACIFIC COAST AVIFAUNA No. l0 Tcxcstoma bendirei, 73, 86, 87, 91 crissale, 74, 86, 87, 91 curvirostre palmeri, 73, 86, 87, 91, 119 lecontei lecontei, 74, 86, 87, 91 rufum, 73, 90 vetula, 73 Tree-duck, Black-bellied, 14 ?ulvous, 15 Tringa alpina pacifica, 19 bairdi, 19 minutilla, 19 pusilla, 20 schinzii, 19 Tringoides bartramius, 20 macularius, 20 Trochilus Mexandri, 37 alleni, 38 anna, 38 calliope, 39 costae, 37 platycercus, 38 rufus, 38 Troglodytes aedon, 75 aedon aztecus, 75 aedon marianae, 75 aedon parkmani, 75, 86, 92 domesticus parkmani, 75 obsoletus, 74 parkmanni, 75 Trogon, Coppery-tailed, 32, 104 Trogon ambiguus, 32, 87, 93, 94, 104, 112 Tropic-bird, Red-billed, 10, 117 Yellow-billed, 113 Turdus aonalaschkae, 80 aonalaschkae auduboni, 80 fuscescens salicicolus, 79 guttatus auduboni, 80 migratorius, 80 migratorius propinquus, 80 naevius, 85 nanus, 80 pai'lasi auduboni, 80 pallaM nanus, 80 unalaseae, 80 unalascae auduboni, 80 ustulatus, 79 Turkey, Merriam, 23 Mexican, 110 Water, 114 Tyrannula saya, 41 Tyrannus verticalis, 40, 87, 90 vociferans, 40, 86, 92 U Uranomitra salvini, 39, 90, 114 Urinator lureroe, 9 Urubitinga anthracina, 26, 85, 102, 112 V Verdin, 78, 91, 99 Vermivcra celata celata, 67, 88 celata lutescens, 68, 89 celata crestera, 67, 114 luciae, 67, 88, 90 rubricapilla gutturalis, 67, 89 virginiae, 67, 88, 92 Vireo, Arizona, 66 Cassin, 65 Gray, 66 Plumbeous, 66 Red-eyed, 65 Stephens, 66 Vestern Warbling, 65 Vireo bellii, 66 belli arizonae, 66, 88, 90 belli pusillus, 66 gilvus, 65 gilvus swainsoni, 65 huttoni, 66 huttoni stephensi, 66, 86, ,87, 92, 94, 116 olivaceus, 65 plumbeus, 66, 96 pusillus, 66 solitarius, 65 solitarius cassini, 65 sclitarius plumbeus, 66 swainsoni, 65 vicinior, 66, 88, 91, 96, 102 Vireosylva gil'va swainsoni, 65, 88, 91, 116 clivacea, 65, 90 ¾irecsylvia plumbea, 66 solitaria, 65 Vulture, California, 109 King, 83 Turkey, 24, 109 W \Varbler, Audubon, 69 Black-fronted, 69 Black-throated Gray, 69 Black-throated Green, 70 Calaveras, 67 California Yellow, 68 Golden Pileolated, 71 Grace, 69 Hermit, 70 Lucy, 67, 91, 116 Lutescent, 68 Macgillivray, 70 Myrtle, 69 Olive, 68, 108, 114, 118 Orange-crowned, 67 1914 BIRDS OF ARIZONA 133 Warbler, Pileoiated, 71 Prothonotary, 67, 113 Red-faced, 72, 104 Sonora Yellow, 68, 91 Townsend, 70 Virginia, 67 Wilson, 84 Water-thrush, Alaska, 70 Waxving, Bohemian, 64 Cedar, 64 Whip-poor-will, Stephens, 36, 111 XVillet, Western, 20 Wilsonia pusilia chryseola, 71, 89 pusilla pileoi'ata, 71, 88, 92 pusilla pusilia, 84 Voodpecker, Alpine Three-toed, Arizona, 33 Batchelder, 33 Cactus, 33 Gila, 35 Lewis, 35, 111 Mearns, 34 Red-headed, 34 ¾Vhite-breasted, 33 White-headed, 84 ¾Vren, Cactus, 74, 91, 106, 111 Canyon, 74 Desert, 75 Parkman, 75 Rock, 74 Western Marsh, 75 Wren, restern Vinter, 75 Vrhite-bellied, 100 X Xanthocephalus icterocephalus, 47 longipes, 47 xanthocephalus, 47, 86 Xenopicus albolarvatus, 84 ¾ Yellowlegs, 83 Greater, 20 Yello.wthroat, Tule, 71 Western, 70 Z Zamelodia ludoviciana, 60, 90 melanocephala melanocephala, 60, 88, 92 Zenaidura carolinensis, 2o ø macroura, 23 macroura carolinensis, 23, 118 macroura marginella, 23, 85 Zonotrichia blandingiana, 59 cassini, 57 fallax, 57, 95 gambelii, 53 graminea, 52 intermedia, 53 leucvphrys, 53 leucophrys gambeli, 53, 88 leucophrys intermedia, 53 leucophrys leucophrys, 53, 87, 92, 93