Bird Community Dynamics in a Ponderosa Pine Forest

Robert C. Szaro and Russell P. Balda

1	Introduction
2	Methods and materials
3	Description of study areas
10	Results
10	Breeding Season Censuses
10	Densities
14	Species richness
15	Diversities
16	Behavior
16	Activity patterns
17	Foraging methods
18	Tree species selection
19	Horizontal tree position
20	Perch selection
22	Stance
23	Foliage Utilization
24	Mean height and use range
24	Foliage profiles
37	Cluster analyses
37	Foliage use index
39	Bulge use
40	Territory Size
40	Energy Requirements
44	Body Weight
44	Discussion
44	Community Composition
44	Species numbers and densities
46	Diversities
46	Bird Species Diversity vs. Vegetational Complexity
47	Resource Partitioning and the Niche
48	Composite cluster analyses
48	Species segregation
52	Foliage Utilization
53	Territory Size
55	Energy Flow
58	Species Substitutions
58	Species Dominance
62	Summary
63	Acknowledgments
63	Literature cited
	Cover to Cover

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