--This volume
must be approached with liberality of
spirit. If the reader must assume a pro-
fessionally defensive attitude, with one
hand raised to' set off the whole critical
battery of his reference shelves, he may
perhaps riddle the book at a hundred
points, not one of which is likely to be
vital. At the same time he may prove
himself merely stiff-necked before some
of the richest chapters of constructive
criticism which have been printed in re-
cent years.
Perhaps the chief trouble is that Rensch
falls between two stools. He disclaims
the intention of scholarly completeness,
yet falls short of the ease and continuity
of the scientific essay. Where he might
follow the graceful sequences of Dar-
'winian exposition, or the sincere sim-
plicity of a Julian Huxley, he retains the
jolting, subdivided, ugliness of the techni-
cal paper of the day, though without its
pretense to mechanical completeness.
From an elaborate review and analysis
of the geographic principle in modern sys-
tematics Rensch passes with almost naive
directness to the problem of the origin
of species and the evidence for the direct
influence of environmental changes, nor-
mally unaided by mutation, selection, or
the indefinite factors of "orthogenesis."
The heart of the matter lies in the
seventh chapter, which examines, and
often,--perhaps suspiciously often,--sus-
tains, such laws and such suggestions as
serve to coordinate racial and enviren-
mental gradations. The total' is impos-
ing, and while it goes without saying that
such an exposition, confined within 185
pages of text, can in strictness hardly
win more than the verdict of "not proven,"
the array of evidence presented on such
matters as progressive variation in size,
proportion, and melanin quantity or
quality, physiologic factors, sexual
affinity and its relation to morphology,
the relationships of laboratory and field
genetics, and the histological basis of
nany phenomena, is sufficient to keep a
good company of field, museum, and li-
brary naturalists employed for a genera-
tion, testing and checking one plausible
and constructive hypothesis after another.
There is a suggestion that certain
American sources have been treated
rather casually. Those who are familiar
with the array of modern critical para-
phernalia which Dr. Linsdale has brought
to bear on his races of Passerella will
be amused to see his paper dismissed as
"depending wholly on direct measure-
ments, with no ratios." F. B. Sumner,
who is drawn upon more extensively than
any other American or Englishman, with
J. A. Allen a close second, is apt to be
"swallowed whole" with little regard even
for his own reservations, as is the case
with his experiments on temperature and
hair-weight in mice. As may be inferred,
the vast majority of sources, outside
Rensch's personal investigation in Europe
and the East Indies, are German. Two
hundred and forty-eight titles are brought
into play and assembled at last in an
excellent bibliography of cited works.
On page 116 a section heading has
been omitted. On page 82 the word
"rassen" appears to have been used in-
adverntly in place of "arten."---T. T.
McCARE, Februj 7, 1930.