BANDERS just beginning operations sometimes report that
they cannot get the birds to come to their traps. Inquiry
usually shows that they had put out a trap with some bird-
food in it, in the belief that they had done everything neces-
sary to attract the birds.
There is nothing about a trap in itself calculated to attract
birds, but suitable food, properly placed, has a great attrac-
tion for them, so that the prospective bander's first move
should be to bait the birds by placing food on the ground or
elsewhere in a locality frequented by them and as near the
spot where the trap is to be placed as possible. The practice
of baiting birds varies with the time of year, the species of
birds, numerous local conditions, and particularly where
the trap or traps are to be placed. The kind of traps also
plays a part in the problem. If it is planned to use auto-
matic traps, these may be put out at once at any spot
frequented by birds, such as old, weedy gardens, etc., but
when pull-string (drop-door) traps are to be used, they must
be placed conveniently near the house in order that they
may be under easy and frequent observation.
When baiting birds, use a food known to be of a sort to
which they are accustomed, and for seed-eating birds, use
seeds, preferably canary-seeds. Consider the following aver-
age case: It is planned to use a pull-string: or other non-
automatic, trap on the ground, say twenty-five feet from a
hous% where shrubbery is scarce and the birds are likewise
infrequent. The nearest cover, shrubbery or woods, fre-
quented or likely to be frequented by birds, is say two hundred
feet away. The season is the fall or spring, when seed-eating
birds have appeared or are to be expected, such as Sparrows'
and Juncos. Going now to the nearest cover, scatter a thin
line of seeds on the ground, or on large, low-lying rocks, for
a distance of say two hundred feet, first clearing the leaves
away so that the food may be readily visible, and at one or
two places put down a considerable quantity. This line
preferably should course directly away from the banding
station. In due season the birds will discover the seeds and
follow the line to the places of concentrated supply. After a
day or two, discontinue putting out food except at the place
nearest the station where the birds have become baited and
from here extend the baited line to the spot where the trap
is to be operated, where a concentrated supply should again
be scattered. If the line crosses open, grassy ground the
seeds may be placed on pieces of old carpet. When he birds
become baited at the objective point, place the trap in posi-
tion. The rest is easy: a few birds coming and going to the
trap serve to attract others, and if the station is regularly
supplied with food, a satisfactory number of bird visitors may
be confidently expected.
At this stage cheaper substitutes for canary-seed may
be gradually introduced,- bread and cracker crumbs, fine-
ground flint corn ("second feed" for chickens), hemp seed, etc.
Chickadees, Purple Finches, Goldfinches, and Blue Jays may
be similarly led to the station by using sunflower seeds, but
in this case it is best to place the seeds in trays, such as butter-
tub covers used bottom side up and nailed to sticks, say
five feet long, stuck in the ground or in the snow, and arranged
in a line as before and placed about fifty feet apart.
Shrubbery extending from stations to birdy places may be
used successfully for baiting-lines. It is perfectly feasible
by this method to entice to a station a wintering flock of
birds, such as Tree Sparrows and Juncos, occurring even
two thousand feet away, provided suitable cover exists along
the route.
When conditions are such that the non-automatic trap can
be placed in shrubbery or other places frequented by birds, the ß
problem of baiting is of course practically solved in advance.
When convenient, a dirt floor for traps should be provided.