AUSTRALIAN PARROTS. By Joseph M. Forshaw. Livingston Publ. Co., Wynnewood,
Penna., 1969:10 X 12 in., xiv -{- 306 pp., 72 color pls., 54 range maps, 8 figs., 1 map,
20 black and white photos. $29.50.
This formidable tome describes, depicts, and discusses all species of Australian par-
rots. Parrot literature is profuse and widely scattered, and the author has done a good
job of bringing together that which is pertinent to the Australian species. He also has
added many notes from his own observations, primarily from field and aviary.
With the inclusion of the Red-fronted Parrot (Cyanorhamphus novaezelandiae) and
the Kaka (Nestor productus), both from Norfolk Island, the splitting of the seven species
of Platycercus of Peters (1937) into 10, and the lunaping of Peters' four species of
Calyptorhynchus into three, the number of species included is 54. These are arranged
in a new classification that recognizes three parrot families, the Loriidae, Cacatuidae,
and Psittacidae, with the Cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus) placed in a separate sub-
family within the Cacatuidae, and the Kaka placed in a separate subfamily of the Psit-
tacidae. Eolophus is the generic name used for the Galah (E. roseicapillus); Eclectus
is used instead of Lorlus for the Eclectus Parrot (E. roratus); Barnardius is the generic
name used for the Mallee Ringneck (B. barnardi) and the Port Lincoln Parrot (B.
zonarius); and Bourke's Parrot, Northleila haematogaster in Peters, is considered a
species of Psephotus.
The introduction includes a brief, and in my opinion grossly oversimplified, discussion
of Australia's zoogeographic regions, habitat descriptions with twelve good black and
white photographs, an explanation of the format for the species accounts, and a brief
section on keeping parrots in captivity. Two maps of the continent, one outlining three
zoogeographic regions, the other delimiting the states and showing numerous localities,
occupy full pages. The information they give could be assimilated more easily if pre-
sented on one map. The method used to depict the external anatomy of a parrot is poor.
I doubt that one can understand the feather groupings of a bird's pectoral appendage
by studying a diagram of a folded wing. The confusion that persists regarding the
parts of the arian leg is furthered by labeling the ankle joint the thigh.
The families, subfamilies, and genera are briefly characterized, and the species ac-
counts are arranged in systematic sequence. These accounts include plumage descrip-
tions of all species and endemic subspecies, and measurements for the nominate or some
endemic race. Distribution, including a range map, status, and habitat are given for
each species. Behavioral observations are included under the headings habits, move-
ments, flight, calls, feeding, and breeding. Lists of other common names and aviary
notes complete the accounts.
Each species is illustrated by one, sometimes two (and in one case three) large color
plates. Mostly these are excellent portrait photographs of captive individuals or occa-
sionally pairs. Several of the photographs of wild birds are first rate. The five species
for which color photographs do not exist are depicted in paintings by J. C. Yrizarry.
Unfortunately, the color plates are not bound in with the text, but are glued in, and at
the top only! Already several in my copy are partially unglued and others are dog-eared
at their unattached bottom corners. Such construction also results in the book being
thicker within than around the edges which means through the years dust will filter
onto the pages and plates. Certainly when one pays $30 for a book he expects better
construction.
107
March 1971
]08 THE WILSON BULLETIN Vo. a3, No.
My major criticism of Australian Parrots pertains to another feature of its construc-
tion, the plethora of blank pages. In this dawning of an era of environmental awareness
I shudder when I think of the trees that were killed and the waters that were polluted
to produce paper on which nothing is printed. Even ignoring the bountiful margins,
over 22 square feet of unprinted paper exists in this book. And the waste does not end
once the book is finished because librarians will have to provide space for the tome
forever afteL--GLEN E. WOOLFENDEN.
BIRDS OF WEST CENTRAL AND WESTERN AFRICA. AFRICAN HANDBOOK OF BIRDS. SERIES
III, VOLtairE I. By C. W. Mackworth-Praed and C. H. B. Grant. Longman Group
Ltd., London, 1970: 8aA X 6 in., 671 pp., 45 col. pls., numerous range maps and text
figures. f 6. ($14.40).
With the appearance of Volume ! of Series III, on the birds of western Africa, the
Handbook of African Birds approaches its completion. Series I and II covered eastern
and northeastern, and the southern third of Africa respectively, and Series III completes
the coverage of the whole of Africa south of the Sahara. The same arrangement is fol-
lowed in each series, two volumes divided roughly between the non-passerine and
passerinc birds, and the format varies only slightly from series to series. Since these
books have been only sparsely noticed in the North American literature, Series I only
in the Auk (72: 307-308, 1955; 73: 297-298, 1956), and Series I! not at all, this review
may be considered as applying to the whole Handbook.*
Each Series is opened with an introduction containing brief sections on taxonomy,
identification, nomenclature, migration, molt and geography. The bulk of the volumes
is occupied by the systematic list, and each has its own index. The list is divided by
families, with the ordinal groupings ignored, and each family is headed by a dichoto-
mous key to the species. The species accounts open with a full description, including
plumage variations due to age, sex or time of year; in polytypic species one race is
described first, followed by brief diagnoses of the other subspecies. The ranges of each
species or subspecies are described and also shown on small outline maps on the margin
of the page. Then, for the species as a whole, follow paragraphs on habits, nest and
eggs, breeding records, food, calls, and the range of the species outside the area covered
by that particular volume. The great majority of the species are illustrated by color
plates, and for those not shown, there is usually a marginal sketch showing the diag-
'nostic characters. Although many species are found throughout Africa, they are treated
in full in each series, so that each of the latter is complete for its area.
As stated explicitly by the authors, these volumes are intended primarily for field use,
to provide local residents and travelers with the sort of introduction to the bird life
that was completely lacking when the authors themselves first visited Africa. As such
they are both more and less than the typical Peterson field guide, more in that they
provide much more of descriptions and life history notes, and less in that they cannot
compare as ready means of identification. This last is inevitable because many African
species are still known almost entirely from museum skins. This is particularly true in
western and west-central Africa, and in the present volume the authors were unable to
add the section of black and white photographs found in the previous ones because so
* Birds of Eastern and Northeastern Africa. African Handbook of Birds. Series I, Volumes I and
II. By C. W. Mackworth-Praed and C. H. B. Grant. Longmans, Green and Co. Ltd., 1952 and 1955.
Birds of the Southern Third of Africa. African Handbook of Birds. Series II, Volumes I and II. By
C. W. Mackworth-Praed and C. H. B. Grant. Longmans, Green and Co. Ltd., 1962 and 1963.
March 1971 ORNITHOLOGICAL LITERATURE 109
Vol. 83, No. 1
few were available. Color plates, keys, descriptions, ranges, call notes and habitat must
all be combined to produce reliable identifications, and in genera like the grass warblers,
Cisticola, years of experience as well.
Now that the final volumes of the Handbook are being published, it is interesting to
review their history and the place they occupy in African ornithology. According to
the senior author, the African Handbook of Birds was started on ! January 1933. From
1933 to 1951, a series of taxonomic revisions, primarily the work of Claude Grant, ap-
peared in the Ibis and the Bulletin o! the British Ornitho.logists Club, and in 1952 the
first of the Handbook volumes was published. Grant died in 1958, but Mackworth-
Praed has completed its publication. Considering the unfinished state of a number of
other major handbooks and monographs, this is a major accomplishment and one re-
flecting great credit on the authors. As for its place in African ornithology, it is the
only handbook or guide to large areas of the continent, such as the Congo (pace
Schouteden who published in Flemish) and Angola, and the only one to cover the
Ethiopian fauna as a whole. In fact Africa now has the distinction of being the only
major faunal region to have its avifauna encompassed in a single handbook. For anyone
studying African birds either in the field or the museum, these volumes are a must.-
MELVIN A. TRAYnOR.
FINDINg BraDS IN Mzxlco. By Ernest P. Edwards. Ernest P. Edwards, Sweet Briar,
Virginia. 2nd ed., 1968:6,4 X 9,4 in., xxi + 282 pp., 15 pls. (4 in color) and 7
maps. $4.95 paperback, $6.95 clothbound.
FINDING THE BIRDS IN WESTERN MEXICO, A GUIDE TO THE STATES OF SONORA, SINALOA
AND NAYARIT. By Peter Alden. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona, 1969:
7 X 10 in., xiv q- 138 pp., 9 col. pls., 10 habitat photos, and 17 maps. $5.95 paper-
back, $7.50 clothbound.
An ornithologist is faced with a dilemma when reviewing books written for bird
watchers, especially when they cover geographic areas less well known than the con-
tinental United States. Should one review them as contributions to our knowledge of
ornithology, or as to how well they fulfill the stated objectives; in tbis case in aiding
those involved in avian bridgemanship or avian golfmanship, i.e., seeing the maximum
number of kinds of birds? Suffice to say the books under review accomplish the latter
mission in a satisfactory manner. Both books briefly describe subdivisions of the regions
covered. Alden's "Western Mexico" comprises essentially the northern half of Edwards
"Pacific Lowland Region." Both authors include maps, small scale in Edwards, large
scale with many local details in Alden, and both include lists of birds at major localities
discussed in the texts. These lists are apparently complete in Alden, while they include
only species most likely to be seen in Edwards. The plates help fill one of the gaps
in the literature of the Mexican avifauna by providing illustrations of non-A.O.U.
Check-list species. John O'Neill, who did the nine fine colored plates in Alden, had
fewer species to illustrate than Edwards as well as the luxury of a slightly larger format.
Thus his figures are considerably larger, less crowded and more detailed, although some
color values, undoubtedly lost in the printing, are unfortunately poor in some plates
(yellows tend to be greenish and browns too dark). The diagrammatic and rather
amateurish illustrations in Edwards suffer by comparison, yet provide unique colored
illustration of a number of species including Dwarf Vireo, Slaty Vireo and Sierra
Madre Sparrow and the characteristic juvenal plumage of the Yucatan Jay.
March 1971
110 THE WILSON BULLETIN Vol. 83, No. I
A checklist of species is presented in each book, and Edwards adds a Spanish name
(mostly never notated), coded range and a few words on calls or descriptions. Alden's
English nomenclature is based on the A.O.U. Check-list and that in Eisenmann's
"Species of Middle American Birds." Much of Edwards' nomenclature is his own;
for example, "Green Woodpecker" for Bronze-winged Woodpecker; "Tucuchillo" for
Ridgway's Whip-poor-will; "Laughing Creeper" for Ivory-billed Woodcreeper; and
"Jungle Tanager" for the Red-throated (or Dusky-tailed) Ant-Tanager. Edwards lists
as species (one suspects for the sake of the listers) many distinctive (but some not
so in the field) subspecies. Thus he includes two Rough-winged Swallows, two Brown
Jays, six House Wrens and seven species of Junco (Eisenmann lists only four of the
latter for Mexico and there are probably only two biological species!).
Both books provide ornithologists with frustrations! Edwards personally has had
more field experience with Mexican birds than the six authors of the three most
frequently encountered books on the subject, yet little solid information can be gleaned
from his book.
Ranges are occasionally given that differ from information now available, but without
substantiating data; for example, the Eared Grebe is said to be a winter visitant in the
"southern highlands," and the Least Bittern is found in "all" regions. I have confi-
dence in these statements, but wish dates and localities were cited. Alden, covering a
much smaller area, is able to provide complete locality lists with season or months often
cited. Unfortunately the completeness of the lists does not indicate their degree of
credibility and they will probably mislead beginners. Some examples (/ide Allan
Phillips): Black Swifts are not known even to migrate through Sinaloa; there are
only two Sinaloa records for Cassin's Sparrow (thus hardly a species to point out to
be looked for, p. 512); neither San Blas nor Green Jays range north of the San Blas
region, nor does the White-lored Gnatcatcher occur north of Michoacan; Rufous-sided
Towhees do not inhabit Cerro San Juan, near Tepic, and Baltimore Orioles and Purple
Martins have not been definitely recorded at Tepic! Especially notable is the inclusion
of a summary of "Christmas Bird Counts" for 4 years 1964-1967 at San Blas, Nayarit
including apparently first state records for a number of species and including the only
Pacific coastal records or southernmost records along the Pacific for the Double-
crested Cormorant, Surf Scoter, Dunlin, Glaucous-winged Gull and Bonaparte's Gull
among others. While some unbelievable records for San Blas and elsewhere too, dis-
tributed earlier in mimeograph form in the "Vermilion Flycatcher," have been deleted,
still included are sight records of species that are not known to winter at San Blas
such as Semipalmated Sandpipers (probably were Western), Wood Pewees, Philadelphia
Vireo, and Virginia's Warbler, among others. There are no valid winter records for the
Semipalmated Sandpiper from any place in Mexico! One wishes that someone along
on each Christmas Count would ride shotgun! Alden is to be congratulated for listing
difficult species only within complexes such as "Empidonax, light-breasted (White-
throated, Dusky, Least and/or others)" and "Myiarchus, medium size (Nutting's and/or
Ash-throated)" but apparently other confused species should also have been listed in
this manner such as small sandpipers and "Orioles, medium sized, dull (Baltimore/
Bullock's Oriole)."
In summary, ornithologists and bird watchers who have had no experience in Mexico
will find Edwards' distributionally reliable book helpful, but the former will soon
outgrow it. Alden's book is a useful gazetteer and gives lists of species by locality.
We await being proved wrong in our judgment of some records by the production of
well-documented specimens. ROBERT W. DICKERMAN
March 1971 ORNITHOLOGICAL LITERATURE
Vol. 83, No. 1
SASIATOON WETLANDS SEMINAR. Canadian Wildlife Service Report Series--No. 6. The
Queen's Printer, Ottawa, 1969: 8A X 11 in., 262 pp., illus., paperback. $5.25.
The "Saskatoon Wetlands Seminar" is the sixth publication of a new series by the
Canadian Wildlife Service. All of the previous numbers have been highly attractive
publications; the present report continues this format with pleasing typography, imag-
inative layout and skillful editorial treatment. The opening of the Canadian Wildlife
Service's Prairie Migratory Bird Research Centre in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, was the
occasion of the above document. The size and scope of the report underscore the
importance of prairie small water areas in the ecology of our continental waterfowl
populations. As D. A. Munro indicates in his introductory remarks, nearly two-thirds
of the most sought-after ducks are produced in the small wetlands of the prairie
provinces. The opening of the new laboratory emphasizes the need for research and
management in these wetland complexes if we are to cope with the continued disap-
pearance of small prairie wetlands as intensified agriculture works them into crop or
forage production.
The book is divided into four sections; Part I examines the significance of small
wetlands in waterfowl production, beginning with an excellent statement of manage-
ment goals by F. G. Cooch. Other papers in this section concern the agricultural uses
of wetlands, engineering problems, legal considerations and the economic values of
small wetlands. These papers present a broad sweep of viewpoints. Part II is a
review of research progress and needs on prairie potholes; hydrology, soils and habitat
classification make up the backbone of this section. Part IH relates to waterfowl
populations and the responses of these birds to small wetland ecology. Part IV is an
excellent review of methods and problems of measuring waterfowl breeding populations
by ground counts. L. R. Jahn presents summaries of each section which do much to
pull the material together. The seminar concludes with a summary by J. B. Gollop
of a day.long discussion which ranged freely over the various subjects presented earlier.
While there are many very interesting papers in this collection, two authors deserve
special mention. W. F. Crissey sets forth a great many exciting ideas which need
continued thought and study. Two papers by Alex Dzubin are also highly stimulating
reading for anyone concerned with waterfowl biology. DANIEL Q. TOMpSON
MEMOIRS OF A NATURALIST. By Herbert L. Stoddard, Sr. University of Oklahoma
Press, Norman, 1969:9/5 X 6/2 in., xix + 303 pp., clothbound. $6.95.
Most of us know Herbert L. Stoddard, Sr., for the monumental work "The Bobwhite
Quail: Its Habits, Preservation, and Increase." Those who read this biography will
perhaps be surprised to learn that Stoddard was first an ornithologist and, later, a
pioneer in wildlife management.
The book is divided into three major sections which correspond to the author's
experiences. The first section, "The Florida Years," suggests that Stoddard's strong
affinity for the pinelands of the southeast had its roots in his early boyhood. These
were rigorous but rewarding years before the turn of the century, when his family
struggled to create a new life in the pine flatlands of east-central Florida. The
author's recollections of these early years are remarkably detailed and offer valuable
insights into the vast changes which have occurred in Florida in little more than
60 years.
March 1971
112 THE WILSON BULLETIN Vol. 83, No. 1
The second section of the book, "The Museum Years," describes the author's grow-
ing interest in descriptive ornithology and museum work. This portion of the book
will be of interest to those who wish to see the background of the modem museum.
Many prominent scientists are mentioned in these chapters. The last section of the
book, "The Georgia Years," describes the author's emergence as a wildlife ecologist.
Stoddard's career in the Biological Survey and the organization of the Co-operative
Quail Study Association are described. In this section, the history of what is now the
field of wildlife management emerges. The author's relationships to the leaders in
this growing field are interesting to pursue.
There is perhaps more detail in this work than the reader will wish to become
immersed in; however, I was fascinated by the descriptions of institutions, scenes, and
personalities now long gone. One is struck by the remarkable achievements of this
self-made man who never had the opportunity to attend high school.--DaIEn Q.
THOMPSON
ASPCA GUIDE 7o Pz? Caaz. By Diana Henley. Taplinger Publishing Company, New
York, 1970:5 X 8 in., paper covered, x + 70 pp., many photos. $1.25.
Devoted mostly to dogs, cats, and rodents, this book includes a few concise pages of
practical advice on keeping parakeets and canaries. The author is the Head of Edu-
cation for The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.--P.S.
Avzs. Compiled by Carolyn Roberts and Dorothy Thelwall. The Zoological Record,
Vol. 104, Section 18, 1967. The Zoological Society of London, 1970: 7M X 9aA in.,
v + 264 pp. $8.40.
This is the latest number of a most useful bibliographic reference, a catalog of
ornithological literature published in 1967. Entries are listed in author, subject, and
systematic indexes. The author index is 50 percent larger than that for the previous
year, an indication of the mushrooming scientific literature. While many libraries
receive the complete Zoological Record, many zoologists find it convenient to subscribe
to the individual section for their own field.--P.S.
BIaDs IN Wzs?zaN CoLoaaDo. By William A. Davis. Prepared for the Colorado Field
Ornithologists, 1969: 51/.2 X 81/ in., paper covered, 61 pp., 15 charts. $1.75. Order
from the Historical Museum and Institute of Western Colorado, 4th and Ute, Grand
Junction, Colorado 81501.
Charts and text remarks sunmarize the seasonal and locality distributions of western
Colorado birds. These are followed by detailed suggestions to help visiting birders--
trips for bird finding in general, and ways to see special birds which are not seen in
most parts of the country. This booklet is well prepared and should prove useful to
birders in this region, where birding is difficult.--P.S.
This issue of The Wilson Bulletin was published on 30 March 1971